232 exams
Sterile gauze and nonadherent pads are which kind of dressing?
woven
Prevention of injury is a minor goal of the athletic trainer and the sports medicine team.
false
The team physician:
Is the final authority in determining when an injured athlete can return to practice and competition
The function of the ______ is to resist valgus and rotational forces acting on the knee.
MCL
Each of the following muscles are wrist flexors except the:
brachioradialis
Which of the following is a written guarantee that a product is safe for use?
expressed warranty
A certified personal fitness trainer is responsible for the immediate care and treatment of injuries in the athletic setting.
false
Cells that are capable of generating collagen during the proliferative phase of healing are termed...
Fibroblasts
This condition is caused by defects in a gene called fibrillin-1 which plays an important role as the building block for elastic tissue in the body.
Marfan syndrome
The athletic trainer is most directly responsible for all phases of healthcare in an athletic environment EXCEPT:
Medical diagnoses using diagnostic imagining of athletic injuries
Of the professionals listed below, who has the ultimate responsibility for the total (overall) healthcare of the student-athlete?
Physician
Which would not be considered an appropriate injury prevention strategy of the sports medicine team?
Prescribing daily vitamin supplementation for all athletes
This condition is believed to predispose individuals to malignant ventricular arrhythmias leading to syncope or sudden death and is actually considered to be the number one leading cardiovascular causes of sudden death in athletes.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Good Samaritan Laws are designed to protect employees of a fitness facility who render improper care to a client when they have a duty to care (act).
false
If an individual signs an assumption of risk form, the coach/ fitness specialist is no longer liable for any injuries that may occur to that individual.
false
In assessing an on-site acute injury, it is critical that the provider begin the assessment by asking if the individual has sustained previous injury to the body part.
false
A situation in which danger is apparent, or should have been apparent, resulting in an unreasonable unsafe condition is called:
foreseeability of harm
During a weight training session, the coach left the room to work with some players in the gymnasium. While the coach was out of the room, an athlete sustained an injury using the equipment. The coach is at risk for:
negligence
With severe deep frostbite of an extremity, the treatment water for rewarming should be set at what temperature?
100-110° F
Which of the following is a major hip flexor muscle?
?
Athletic training (or the athletic trainer) is: A specialization in sports medicine daily with the healthcare of athletes A major link between sports programs and the medical community such as physicians Concerned with prevention and treatment of athletic injuries All of the above
All of the above
In the absence of a certified athletic trainer a coach must be able to do all of the following EXCEPT:
Diagnose injuries and make return to play decisions
Seeing that the protective equipment is of the highest quality, properly fitted, and maintained is the primary responsibility of the:
Equipment manager when available and trained to do so
A mechanism of injury for an AC sprain is:
Fall on an outstretched arm
A certified personal fitness trainer is responsible for the immediate care and treatment of injuries in the athletic setting.
False
Negligence can occur as a result of a act of commission, but not as a result of an act of omission.
False
During the FABER test, the patient's hip should be in what position?
Flexion, abduction and external rotation
If you are out on the soccer practice field and you see lightning, what should you do?
Stop the activity and seek shelter immediately
There are four bursa sacs surrounding the hip. They include: the Iliopsoas, Gluteus medius, Ischiogluteal and ________ bursa.
Trochanteric
Sport and fitness coordinators cannot release any medical information about an injured individual without that person's written consent if the person is older than 18 years of age.
True
The coach is directly responsible for preventing injuries through the application of conditioning programs.
True
Signs and symptoms involving the knee that include catching, giving way, palpable pain on either side of the patellar tendon and extreme pain on forced extension, suggest-
a fat pad contusion
An anterior glenohumeral dislocation outwardly displays:
a flattened deltoid
This condition is a result of repeated, low impact, traumatic blows to the thigh.
a quadriceps contusion
The beginning of the acute inflammatory phase of healing involves processes which...
act to stop blood loss from the wound
Athletic training (or the athletic trainer) is: All of the above are correct Concerned with prevention and treatment of athletic injuries A specialization in sports medicine daily with the healthcare of athletes A major link between sports programs and the medical community such as physicians
all of the above
Because the medial and lateral condyles of the femur differ somewhat in size, shape, and The menisci of the knee function to- all of the above improve the congruency of the joint absorb and dissipate force
all of the above
Mast cells are connective tissue cells that carry... heparin histamine bradykinin all of the above
all of the above
An individual can be found negligent if:
at least one of the above are present
If a coach fails to receive informed consent from a participant and provides treatment for a sustained injury, the actions of the coach could result in:
battery
Which of the following muscles is part of the hamstring muscle group?
biceps femoris
The presence of generalized anterior knee pain and crepitus in activities such as walking up and down stairs are symptoms associated with-
chondromalacia
These conditions are often recognized at birth, or are believed to have been present since birth, including conditions that are inherited or caused by an environmental factor.
congenital
A coach suspects his star player has suffered a lower leg fracture due to the visible angulation of the involved bones. The coach decides to straighten out the limb and immobilize the leg in a splint. The action(s) of the coach:
constitutes malfeasance
These conditions may be defined as the restrictions of or inability to perform a normal range of activities of daily living.
disability
Which of the following best illustrates a diagnostic sign?
edema
Regardless of the severity of a hamstring strain, the individual should automatically be put on crutches for at least 1 week.
false
Women often have an angle of inclination greater than 125 degrees.
false
Each of the following is part of the hamstring muscle group except for-
gluteus maximus
Strains to the _________ muscles are often attributed to inadequate flexibility, muscle imbalance, muscle fatigue, insufficient warm-up time and poor running technique
hamstrings
A contusion caused by direct compression to an unprotected iliac crest is referred to as a(n)-
hip pointer
Subjective information is gained through the __________ of the HOPS process.
history
Rubor, calor, tumor, dolor, and loss of function are all symptoms of-
inflammation
In the history component of an assessment, information pertaining to the primary complaint focuses on the
injured individual's perception of the current injury
The immediate management for a quadriceps contusion includes the application of cold and a compression wrap with the-
knee in maximal flexion
A ___ is an involuntary contraction of short duration caused by reflex action that can be biochemically derived or initiated by a mechanical blow to a nerve or muscle.
muscle spasm
Visual analysis of overall appearance, symmetry, willingness and ability to move is called
observation
After receiving a blow to the sternum, an indivdiual has difficulty swallowing and breathing and a diminished pulse. What injury should be suspected?
posterior displacement of the clavicle
A characteristic of a ___ is carrying the arm tightly against the chest and cross the front of the trunk in rigid adduction and internal rotation.
posterior glenohumeral dislocation
The immediate assessment occurring on the field when a life-threatening injury is present is called:
primary survey
A force that acts parallel or tangent to a plane passing through the object is called a:
shear force
The anterior deltoid and clavicular pectoralis major are the primary:
shoulder flexors
After placing ice on an acutely injured knee, an athlete develops paresthesia down the lateral aspect of the injured leg. What might account for this?
the common peroneal nerve was affected by the ice application
Hypoxia refers to the...
the disruption of oxygen supply
Phagocytosis refers to...
the ingestion of cellular debris and waste products
The tissues affected by inflammation, edema, and hypoxia comprises:
the zone of secondary injury
What degree classification of a ligament sprain involves total tearing of tissue?
third degree
A wrong done by an individual for which the injured party seeks a remedy for damages suffered is called:
tort (negligence)
When an athlete dislocates their hip, you, the clinician, should __________.
treat for shock, call EMS, monitor blood supply down the leg
When a person's temperature reaches 106° F, immediate and rapid whole body cooling is necessary.
true
Which of the following muscle primarily resists lateral displacement of the patella?
vastus medialis oblique
Damage to the common peroneal nerve could result in-
weakness in dorsiflexion
How long does treatment of a severe hamstring strain commonly take?
6-8 weeks or longer
A common mechanism of injury to the PCL is-
??
A direct blow to the lateral aspect of the knee is a common mechanism of injury for the-
??
Patellofemoral stress syndrome often occurs-
??
Which of the following actions take place during the healing of bone? Osteoclasts resorb damaged tissues Osteoblasts build new bone Callus is formed All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following individuals are parts of the sports medicine team? Select all that may apply. Exercise Physiologist Nurse Certified Athletic Trainer Nutritionist Strengthen and Conditioning Coach
All of the above
A rupture of the biceps tendon is usually associated with which of the following mechanisms?
Forceful shoulder flexion against excessive resistance
Which of the following is NOT the responsibility of the coach as part of the Sports Medicine?
Make decisions on returning athletes to practice and competition following an injury
Which of the following would be considered an acute injury? Select all that apply.
Shoulder subluxation Acute compartment syndrome
This condition is an inherited, lifelong genetic disorder in which red blood cells form an abnormal sickle or crescent shape (normally disk shape).
Sickle cell anemia
Following a elbow dislocation, the arm is typically held:
Slightly flexed with the forearm appearing shortened
These conditions may be defined as the development of a condition as a result of some intrinsic or extrinsic influence that is out of the ordinary.
acquired
Movement of an affected part by the patient is ________ exercise.
active
You should always stretch out the hamstrings immediately following a strain to help prevent muscle guarding.
false
If an adolescent sustains a possible wrist sprain, immediate referral to a physician is warranted.
true
The abductors act to move the leg away from the midline of the body.
true
The best practice in the event of a blood spill, is to treat the blood of any individual as if it is infected with a bloodborne pathogen.
true
The classic signs of infection are the same as those for inflammation.
true
Impingement syndrome involves damage to the:
subacromial bursa
Irrigation of a wound should be delivered with how much pressure?
4-15 psi
A boxer's fracture is a fracture of the:
5th metacarpal
An individual with carpal tunnel syndrome will likely experience:
decreased grip and pinch strength
Informed consent is only required in the treatment of minors.
false
Movement at the shoulder typically involves some rotation at the SC, AC, and GH joints.
true
Research suggests that the risk of transmission of bloodborne pathogens in an athletic or physical activity setting is relatively low.
true
Scapular fractures may involve the body of the scapula, spine of the scapula, acromion process, coracoid process, or glenohumeral joint.
true
The coach should only complete components of an assessment that are within their standard of care.
true
Longitudinal bone growth occurs at the bone's:
epiphyseal plates
If the individual appears to be unconscious, the coach should not move the individual if there is any possibility of a spinal injury.
true
Most ulnar dislocations occur in individuals younger than 20 years, with a peak incidence in the teenage years.
true
Normally a patient with Marfan Syndrome needs to avoid sports with high-static demands such as weight lifting and risk of body collision such as boxing, football, or high diving.
true
One of the duties of a team physician is to serve as an advisor to the athletic trainer, coach, and athlete.
true
Significant loss of motion or loss of function is a condition that warrants activation of the emergency plan.
true
The AC joint consists of the articulation of the medial facet of the acromion process of the scapula with the distal clavicle.
true
The SC joint is a ball and socket synovial joint that enables rotation of the clavicle with respect to the sternum.
true
The exposure control plan should be developed with input from the personnel at the facility, higher authorities to which the institution reports, medical personnel, and legal personnel.
true
The gluteus medius is the major abductor at the hip.
true
The hip is the articulation between the concave acetabulum of the pelvis and the head of the femur.
true
The mechanism of injury is the physical cause or circumstance under which the injury occurred.
true
The most significant issues of an amputee athlete is irritation at the junction of the limb and the prosthetic device.
true
If the ___ bursa is inflamed, contraction of the hamstring muscles, rotational movements of the tibia, and direct pressure over the bursa produce pain.
??
Which of the following conditions warrants activation of EMS (9-1-1)?
??
Which of the following structures is associated with Jumper's Knee?
??
The Lumbosacral joint is the articulation between what two vertebrae?
???
The true shoulder joint is referred to as the:
GH joints
The most common mechanism of injury for damage to the glenohuneral joint is:
excessive shoulder external rotation and extension
The weakest component of the femur is the-
femoral neck
Pes anserine bursitis is usually caused by-
friction
When managing an athlete with exertional heat stroke the idea of rapid, whole body cooling is to lower the core temperature to-
102
A Q-angle greater than ______ degrees in women can predispose the individual to patellar injuries.
18
What heat disorder is caused by prolonged sweating and inadequate replacement of body fluid losses and presents with a core body temperature less than 104.9° F with no muscle spasms?
Exertional heat exhaustion
This condition is an autosomal dominant congenital disorder characterized by left ventricular outflow obstruction with asymmetric septal hypertrophy and marked disarray of ventricular muscle fibers.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Inability to horizontally adduct the arm without considerable pain is characteristic of a grade II
SC sprain
Which of the following individuals assists athletes with coping mechanisms and stress following an injury?
Sport Psychologist
Body temperature regulation during a hyperthermic state results almost entirely through cutaneous cooling using the concept of radiation.
false
An individual with a moderate quadriceps contusion will walk with a limp but will have only mild pain and swelling.
true
Cervical stenosis is narrowing of the spinal canal in the neck and may be congenital (primary) or acquired (secondary) and places pressure on the spinal cord and the spinal nerve roots, and may cause pain, numbness, or weakness in the legs.
true
Iliotibial band friction syndrome can be the result of- excessive foot pronation all of the above a large q-angle genu varum
all of the above
Which of the following are often considered to be congenital conditions experienced in an athletic population? Select all that apply. Congenital stenosis of the cervical spine canal Marfan syndrome Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Diabetes Sickle cell anemia
all of the above
Locking is a classic sign of injury to the-
medial meniscus
A classic sign of Osgood-Schlatter's disease is-
that the tibial tubercle appears enlarged and prominent
The risk of litigation can be reduced by all of the following except-
requiring coaches to purchase malpractice insurance
Most wrist motion occurs at the:
radoiocarpal joint
Standard of care:
requires an individual to use the knowledge, skills, and abilities that conform to the standard of care for their particular specialization.
The sacroiliac joint is the articulation between ______ and ________.
sacrum and ilium
Piriformis syndrome results from compression or irritation of the __________ nerve by the piriformis muscle.
sciatic
The immediate management for a SC joint sprain involving a posterior displacement includes:
summoning EMS
Which bursa lies between the femur and quadriceps tendon, serving to reduce the friction between the two structures?
supra patellar
A bending mechanism pertaining to a bone involves=
tension on one side and compression on the other side of a structure
Which of the following organizations is responsible for the certification of athletic trainers as well as defining the major performance domains of athletic training?
Board of Certification (BOC)
Which of the following conditions necessitates immediate referral to a physician? locking of the knee excessive joint swelling all of the above reported sounds (e.g., pop or click)
all of the above
What color flag is generally accepted to cancel all outdoor activities in hot weather due to increases WBGT readings and the associated risk of being in a hot, humid environment?
black
Which of the following is the most effective means for the body to dissipate heat when the temperature and radiant heat of the environment are higher than the body temperature?
evaporation
What heat disorder is caused by prolonged sweating and inadequate replacement of body fluid losses and presents with dry (sometimes wet), hot skin with a core body temperature greater than 105° F?
exertion heat stroke
Following a fall on the upper arm, an individual is unable to move the arm and unable to supinate the forearm. Which of the following injuries should be suspected?
humeral fracture
Which of the following conditions would you suspect if an athlete presents who is very tall in stature, has a ratio of arm span to height exceeding 1.0, had long spidery fingers, and joint hypermobility.
marfan syndrome
The focus of a preparticpation physical examination for a pubescent child should be-
maturation and establishing good health practices.
Complaints of a warm, tender, firm swelling in a muscle along with decreased range of motion and point tenderness are all signs and symptoms of __________________.
myositis osificans
Cleansing is the delivery of a solution or fluid to the wound surface by a mechanical force to remove foreign bodies and debris.
true
If an employee should decline the hepatitis B vaccination, the decision to decline should be appropriately documented.
true
If external support personnel (e.g., EMTs; athletic trainers; parents) are used in the implementation of the emergency plan, their roles, responsibilities and protocols should also be defined in advance.
true
A closed wound is described as an injury to soft tissues without the presence of a break or tear in the skin.
true
A strain involves damage to a muscle, and a sprain involves damage to a ligament.
true
A stress fracture resulting from repeated microtrauma commonly occurs in weight bearing bones.
true
A suspected elbow dislocation should be treated as a medical emergency, including summoning of EMS.
true
Having been treated by an emergency room physician, a high school athlete reports to the athletic trainer with a written note from the physician stating that he should not participate in physical activity for 2 weeks. One week later, the athlete's parent calls indicating that their son has improved significantly and grants permission for him to resume practice. If the athlete is allowed to return to practice, a breach of duty has been committed.
true
Which of the following terms refers to a structure on both sides of the body or body part?
bilateral
