272 - Chapter 15 Infection Control and the Dental Radiographer

List the five indications for hand hygiene

1. Before touching a patient 2. Before clean/aseptic procedure 3. After body fluid exposure risk 4. After touching a patient 5. After touching patient surroundings

List the three types of hand hygiene that may be used in dental imaging?

1. Routine hand wash 2. Antiseptic hand wash 3. Antiseptic hand rub

Intermediate level disinfection

A category of disinfectant classified by the EPA as both hospital disinfectants and tuberculocidals recommended for all surfaces that have been contaminated.

low level disinfectant

A category of disinfectant classified by the EPA as hospital disinfectants recommended for general housekeeping purposes

High level disinfectant

A category of disinfectant classified by the EPA as sterilants disinfectants used to disinfect heat sensitive semicritical dental instruments

Pathogen

A microorganism capable of causing disease

Asepsis

Absence of pathogens

Asepsis

Absence of pathogens or disease-causing microorganisms

Sharp

Any object that can penetrate skin, including , but not limited to needles and scalpels

Rules concerning hand washing

Before and after gloving Before and after each patient After touching contaminated surfaces

Critical instruments

Category of instruments that are used to penetrate soft tissue or bone; must be sterilized after each use

Semicritical instruments

Category of instruments that contact but do not penetrate soft tissue or bone, must be sterilized after each use

Noncritical instruments

Category of instruments that do not come in contact with mucous membranes

Parental exposure

Exposure to infections materials that results from piercing or puncturing the skin

Occupational exposure

Exposure to infectious materials that results from piercing or puncturing the skin

Rules for gloves

Gloves must be worn by all dental professionals Gloves must be worn for each patient Gloves must be sterile for surgical procedures

Semicritical instrument

Instrument that contacts but does not penetrate soft tissue or bone

Noncritical instrument

Instrument that does not contact mucous membranes

Critical instrument

Instrument used to penetrate soft tissue or bone

EPA registered chemical germicides labled as both hospital disinfectants and tuberculocidal agents are classified as

Intermediate level disinfectant

Protective clothing

It must be worn by all dental professionals It must be worn to prevent contact with infectious materials It must be removed before leaving the dental office

Rules for masks and protective eyewear

Masks and protective eyewear are optional for dental radiographic procedures Masks must be changed between patients When visibly soiled, protective eyewear must be disinfected between patients

Pathogen

Microorganism capable of causing disease

Blood borne Pathogens

Microorganisms [resent in blood that cause disease in humans

List the three possible routes of disease transmission

Patient to dental professional Dental professional to patient Patient to patient

What is the primary purpose of infection control?

Prevent the transmission of infectious disease

Examples of critical instruments

Scalpel Scaler

Standard precautions

Standard of care designed to protect health care personnel and patients from pathogens, blood, or any other body fluid, excretion, or secretion

Antiseptic

Substances that inhibits the growth of bacteria

List the three conditions that must be present for disease transmission to occur?

Susceptible host pathogen portal of entry

Disinfection

The act of disinfecting

Occupational exposure

Type of exposure/contact with blood or other infectious materials involving the skin, eye, or mucous membranes that results from procedures performed by the dental professional

Parenteral

Type of exposure/contact with blood or other infectious materials that results from piercing or puncturing the skin barrier

Infectious waste

Type of waste that consists of blood, blood products, contaminated sharps, or other microbiologic products

Disinfect

Use of a chemical or physical procedure to destroy all pathogens except spores

Sterilize

Use of chemical or physical procedure to destroy all pathogens including spores

Infectious waste

Waste that consists of blood, blood products, contaminated sharps, and other microbiological products

EPA registered chemical germicides labeled only as hospital disinfectants are classified as:

low-level disinfectants

Sterilization

the act of sterilizing