3

True

A cell can respond to a hormone only if it possess receptors for that hormone

Infectious Mononucleosis

A contagious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus; occurs mainly in children

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

A fatal disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus

Tropin

A hormone that influences or "turns on" an endocrine gland other than its source is called a(n)

Xenograft

A transplant between animals of different species

Allograft

A transplant between genetically distinct individuals of the same species

Melatonin

All of the following are lipid soluble except

Plasma cells

Antibodies are produced by:

False

Both T cells and B cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity

Memory T Cells

Cells which are programmed to recognize the reappearance of a previously encountered antigen

Cytotoxic T cells

Cells which attack bacteria,fungi, protozoa, foreign tissues, reject transplants, poison cells or causes cells to commit "cell suicide"

Natural killer cells

Cells which readily attack foreign cells and perform immunological surveillance

The Thymus

Collections of lymphoid tissue (MALT) that guard mucosal surfaces include all of the following EXCEPT

Active Immunity

Develops naturally as a result of exposure to an antigen in the environment or artificial exposure

Diabetes Insipidus

Disorder is due to defects in ADH receptors

Hypothalamus

Hormones secreted from the posterior pituitary gland are synthesized by the ________

Cushing's Disease

Hypersecretion of cortisol by the adrenal cortex, "moonface"

False

If there is an overproduction of a certain hormone, one would expect to see the effect of up-regulation on target tissues

Diabetes Mellitus

Inability to secrete or utilize insulin

Goiter

Inadequate iodine in diet leads to inability to synthesizes thyroid hormones

Parathyroid hormone

Increases calcium ion levels in the blood

All of the above are correct

Inflammation:

Innate Immunity

Inherited immunity, immunity present at birth

Transferrins

Inhibit bacterial growth by reducing the amount of available iron

True

Lipid soluble hormones diffuse into target cells, but water soluble hormones do not.

False

Lymph capillaries are present in all tissues, including those such as epidermis that lack blood capillaries

The brain

Lymph nodes are densely clustered in all of the following body areas EXCEPT

True

Lymph nodes have a capsule surrounding them, while lymphatic nodules do not

Mineralcorticoids

Made by the adrenal cortex and causes kidneys to retain water and sodium and excrete potassium

Insulin

Made by the pancreas, decreases glucose levels in the blood; allows glucose to enter cells to make energy

Glucagon

Made by the pancreas; increases glucose levels in the blood; causes skeletal muscles and liver cells to break down glycogen

B cells

Mature into plasma cells which produced antibodies and immunoglobulins

Respond to subsequent injuries or infections that involve the same antigens

Memory B cells:

Graves Disease

Most common form of hyperthyroidism; causes bulging of the eyes

Glucocorticoids

One group of hormones that has an anti-inflammatory effect is

Blood

One of the functions of the lymphatic system is to return tissue fluid to the

Local hormones that act on neighboring cells

Paracrines are :

Progesterones

Prepares the uterus for pregnancy; contributes to the enlargement of the mammary glands

Leptin

Produced by adipose tissue; promotes weight loss; stimulates metabolism

Passive Immuntiy

Produced by the administration of antibodies produced by another individual; mother shares antibodies with baby

Glucocorticoids

Produced by the adrenal cortex; stimulates glucose synthesis and and storage as glycogen by the liver

Epinephrine

Produced by the adrenal medulla; adrenaline; stimulates the use of glucose; increases heart rate and blood pressure

Follicle stimulating hormone

Produced by the anterior pituitary; promotes egg development in females and sperm production in males

Growth Hormone

Produced by the anterior pituitary; stimulates general body growth; stimulates cell growth and division

Prolactin

Produced by the anterior pituitary; stimulates mammary gland development and the production of milk

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Produced by the anterior pituitary; stimulates the release of glucocorticoids

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Produced by the anterior pituitary; triggers the release of thyroid hormones

Melatonin

Produced by the pineal gland; sets day/night cycle and times sexual maturation

Calcitonin

Produced by the thyroid; reduces calcium ion levels in the blood

Luteinizing hormone

Produces ovulation in females; stimulates testes to produce androgens in males

Testosterone

Promotes production of sperm and development of male sexual characteristics

False

Protein and peptide hormones are lipid soluble

Artificially acquired active immunity

Receiving an immunization with an altered form of the tetanus toxin results in

Oxytocin

Released by the posterior pituitary; stimulates the smooth muscle in the uterus to contract in females; stimulates prostate gland contraction in males

Interferons

Released from infected lymphocytes; stimulate the production of antiviral proteins from neighboring cells for protection

Thyroxine

Stimulates energy production in cells; essential for normal skeletal, muscular and nervous system development in children

Estrogens

Supports egg development, growth of the uterine lining, and female sexual characteristics

Exposure to specific antigens

T cells and B cells can be activated only by:

False

The Exocrine System is responsible for the release of hormones in our bodies.

Plasma

The composition of the lymph is most similar to:

Cyclic AMP

The compound that most often acts as a second messenger is

Autoimmune Disease

The immune system fails to display self-tolerance

Pancreas

The islets of Langerhans are the endocrine portion of the

Kidney

The main target for ADH is the

ACTH

The primary stimulus for release of glucocorticoids is

Immunity

The resistance to injuries and diseases caused by specific foreign chemical compounds or pathogens

True

Tonsils are examples of lymphatic nodules

True

Transporting lipids is an important function of the lymphatic system

Lacteals

What is the name for specialized lymphatic capillaries in the small intestines which allow large lipids to enter lymph?

Synergistic

What is the terms used to describe when 2 hormones stimulate target cells at the same time resulting in a strong effect?

Sella Tursica

What saddle shaped part of the sphenoid bone protects the pituitary gland?

Calcitrol

Which hormone is released by the kidneys when stimulated by parathyroid hormones and stimulates the absorption of calcium along the digestive tract?

blood capillaries, interstitial space, lymphatic capillaries, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic ducts, subclavian veins

Which of the following correctly lists the structures according to the sequence of fluid flow?

Pancreas

Which of the following is NOT considered a pure endocrine gland?

Alter the rate of metabolic reactions

Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?

Site of stem cell maturation into T and B cells

Which of the following is not a function of the spleen?

Loss of epidermal tissue

Which of the following would most likely increase a person's risk of invasion by pathogenic microbes

12 Year old

Which person most likely has the largest thymus gland?

Hypothalamus

Which regulatory center is considered the "true master" that links the nervous and endocrine systems?

Naturally acquired active immunity

You had a case of chicken pox when you were six years old. When you were 10, your playmates developed chicken pox but you did not. This was most likely due to: