302 Modules 5-8
A nurse at a clinic is collecting data about pain from a client who reports severe abdominal pain. The nurse asks the client if there has been any accompanying nausea and vomiting. Which of the following pain characteristics is the nurse attempting to determine? 239 A) Presence of associated manifestations B) Location of the pain C) Pain quality D) Aggravating and relieving factors
A)
A nurse is caring for a male client who has an upper urinary tract infection. The nurse should identify that the infection is in which of the following portion of the urinary tract? A) Kidney B) Bladder C) Prostate D) Urethra
A)
A nurse is conducting a nutrition class at a local community center. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A) Progress toward limiting saturated fat to 7% of total daily intake. B) Good bowel function requires 35g/day of fiber for females. C) Limit cholesterol consumption to 400mg/day D) Normal functioning cardiac systems depends on B-complex vitamins
A)
A nurse is conducting a nutritional class on minerals and electrolytes. The nurse should include which of the following foods as a major source of magnesium? A) Tuna B) Tomatoes C) Eggs D) Oranges
A)
A nurse is discussing the use of a low-profile gastrostomy device with the guardian of a child who is receiving an enteral feeding. Which of the following is an appropriate statement by the nurse? A) "The device is usually comfortable for children." B) "Checking residual is much easier with this device." C) "This access requires less maintenance than a traditional nasal tube." D) "Mobility of the child is limited with this device."
A)
A nurse is teaching about food safety and foodborne illness to a group of adults at a local community center. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A) "Unpasteurized fruit juice is a common cause of foodborne illness." B) "Store hard-boiled eggs in the refrigerator for up to 2 weeks." C) "The recommended cooking temperature for ground beef is 145 degrees F." D) "The onset of norovirus is 5 to 7 days after exposure to the bacteria."
A)
An advancing diet should progress in which order? A) Clear liquids, full liquids, light diet, regular diet B) Light diet, full liquids, regular diet, clear liquids C) Regular diet, light diet, full liquids, clear liquids
A)
Which action can a nurse delegate to assistive personnel (AP)? 1147 A) Performing glucose monitoring every 6 hours on a patient. B) Teaching the client about the need for enteral feeding. C) Administering enteral feeding bolus after tube placement has been verified. D) Evaluating the patient's tolerance of the enteral feeding.
A)
Which statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of sleep-hygiene practices? A) "I usually drink a cup of warm milk in the evening to help me sleep." B) "If I exercise right before bedtime, I will be tired and fall asleep faster." C) "I know it does not matter what time I go to bed as long as I am tired." D) "If I use hypnotics for a long time, my insomnia will be cured."
A)
A nurse in a senior center is counseling a group of older adults about their nutritional needs & considerations. Which of the following info should the nurse include? SATA A. Older adults are more prone to dehydration than younger adults are B. Older adults need the same amount of most vitamins & minerals as younger adults do C. Many older men & women need calcium supplementation D. Older adults need more calories than they did when they were younger E. Older adults should consume a diet low in carbs
A) B) C)
A nurse is performing dietary needs assessments for a group of clients. A blenderized liquid diet is appropriate for which of the following clients? SATA A) A client who has a wired jaw due to a motor vehicle crash. B) A client who is 24 hours postoperative following temporomandibular joint repair. C) A client who has difficulty chewing due to oral surgery. D) A client who has hypercholesterolemia due to coronary artery disease E) A client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy the next morning.
A) B) C)
Which sleep-hygiene actions at bedtime can the nurse delegate to the nursing assistant? (Select all that apply.) A) Giving the patient a backrub B) Turning on quiet music C) Dimming the lights in the patients room D) Giving the patient a cup of coffee E) Monitoring for the effect of the sleeping medication that was given
A) B) C)
A nurse is discussing essential nutrients for normal functioning of the nervous system with a client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? SATA A) Calcium B) Thiamin C) Vitamin B6 D) Sodium E) Phosphorus
A) B) C) D)
A school nurse is teaching a group of students how to read food labels. Which of the following is a required component of food labels that the nurse should include in the teaching? SATA A) Total carbohydrates B) Total fat C) Calories D) Magnesium E) Dietary fiber
A) B) C) E)
A charge nurse is conducting a nutritional class for a group of newly licensed nurses regarding basal metabolic rate (BMR). The charge nurse should inform the class that which of the following factors increases BMR? (SATA) A) Lactation B) Prolonged stress C) Malnutrition D) Puberty E) Age older than 6 years
A) B) D)
A nurse is administering bolus enteral feedings to a client who has malnutrition. Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions? SATA A) Verify the presence of bowel sounds. B) Flush the feeding tube with warm water. C) Elevate the head of the bed 20 degrees. D) Administer the feeding at room temperature. E) Instill the formula over 60 min.
A) B) D)
A school nurse is teaching a high school health class about the possible causes of a negative nitrogen balance. Which of the following causes should the nurse include in the teaching? SATA A) Illness B) Malnutrition C) Adolescence D) Trauma E) Pregnancy
A) B) D)
A nurse is assessing a client who has an acute respiratory infection, increasing the risk for hypoxemia. Which of the following findings are early indications that should alert the nurse that the client is developing hypoxia? SATA 331 A) Restlessness B) Tachypnea C) Bradycardia D) Confusion E) Hypertension
A) B) D) E)
A nurse is performing a nutrition assessment on a client. Which of the following clinical findings are suggestive of malnutrition? SATA A) Poor wound healing B) Dry hair C) Blood pressure 130/80 mmHG D) Weak hand grips E) Impaired coordination
A) B) D) E)
A nurse is talking with a client about ways to help sleep and rest. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse give to the client to promote sleep and rest? SATA A) Practice muscle relaxation techniques. B) Exercise each morning. C) Take an afternoon nap. D) Alter the sleep environment for comfort. E) Limit fluid intake at least 2 hours before bed.
A) B) D) E)
A nurse is teaching a group of female clients about risk factors for developing osteoporosis. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include? SATA A) Inactivity B) Family History C) Obesity D) Hyperlipidemia E) Cigarette smoking
A) B) E)
Which statements from a patient indicate an understanding of behaviors that will promote sleep? SATA A) "I will not watch television in bed." B) "I will not drink caffeine later in the day." C) "A short nap late in the evening will lead to a more restful night of sleep." D) "I am going to start eating dinner closer to my bedtime." E) "I will start to exercise regularly during the day."
A) B) E)
A nurse is providing teaching about food allergies to a group of new patients. Infants who react to which of the following foods typically outgrow the sensitivity? SATA A) Soy B) Wheat C) Cow's milk D) Eggs E) Fish
A) C)
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who follows vegan dietary practices. The nurse should instruct the client that there is a risk of having a deficit in which of the following nutrients? SATA A) Vitamin D B) Fiber C) Calcium D) Vitamin B12 E) Whole grains
A) C) D)
Which nursing intervention(s) best promote(s) effective sleep in an older adult? SATA A) Limit fluids 2 to 4 hours before sleep. B) Ensure that the room is completely dark. C) Ensure that the room temperature is comfortably cool. D) Provide warm covers. E) Encourage walking an hour before going to bed.
A) C) D)
A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client who states that, for the past week, "I have felt tired during the day and cannot sleep at night." Which of the following responses should the nurse ask when collecting data about the client's difficulty sleeping? (SATA) A) "Have your working hours changed recently?" B) "Do you feel confused in the late afternoon?" C) "Do you drink coffee, tea or other caffeinated drinks? If so, how many cups per day?" D) "Has anyone ever told you that you seem to stop breathing for a few seconds while you are asleep?" E) "Tell me about any personal stress you are experiencing?"
A) C) D) E)
A nurse is planning care for a client receiving treatment for malnutrition. The client is scheduled for discharge to their home where they live alone. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? SATA A) Consult social services to arrange home meal delivery. B) Encourage the client to purchase nonperishable boxed meals. C) Advise the client to purchase frozen fruits and vegetables. D) Recommend drinking a supplement between meals. E) Educate the client on how to read nutrition labels.
A) C) D) E)
A nurse is preparing a presentation at a local community center about sleep hygiene. When explaining REM sleep, which of the following characteristics should the nurse include? SATA A) REM sleep provides cognitive restoration. B) REM sleep lasts about 90 min. C) It is difficult to awaken a person in REM sleep. D) Sleepwalking occurs during REM sleep. E) Vivid dreams are common during REM sleep.
A) C) E)
A nurse is reviewing the effect of culture on nutrition during a staff in-service. Which of the following groups prescribes eating specific foods to balance forces in the body during illness? SATA A) Asian culture B) African culture C) Roman Catholicism D) Hispanic/Latinx culture E) Buddhism
A) D)
A nurse is developing a plan for a patient who was diagnosed with narcolepsy. Which interventions should the nurse include on the plan? SATA A) Take brief, 20 min naps no more than twice a day. B) Drink a glass of wine with dinner. C) Eat a large meal at lunch rather than dinner. D) Establish a regular exercise program. E) Teach the patient about the side effects of modafinil.
A) D) E)
A nurse is caring for a client who has a fractured humerus and received an opioid medication intravenously 1 hr ago for pain. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to determine the intensity of the client's pain at this time? A) "On a scale from 0 to 10, how do you rate your pain?" B) "How often do you feel the pain?" C) "Can you point to where you have pain?" D) "What does your pain feel like?"
A) "On a scale from 0 to 10, how do you rate your pain?" The nurse should ask the client to rate his pain using a pain scale to assess the intensity of the pain.
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 1,000 mg PO every 12 hr for a client who has arthritic pain. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? A) Hepatotoxicity B) Salicylism C) Respiratory Depression D) Gastrointestinal Bleeding
A) Hepatotoxicity. The nurse should monitor the client for hepatotoxicity. The client should not receive more than 4 g/day of acetaminophen to prevent damage to the liver.
A nurse educator is teaching a class on culture and food to a group of newly hired nurses. Which of the following statements by a nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching? A) "Most clients who practice Roman Catholicism do not drink caffeinated beverages." B) "Most clients who practice orthodox Judaism do not eat meat with dairy products." C) "Most clients who are Mormon eat only the protein of animals that are slaughtered under strict guidelines." D) "Most clients who practice Hinduism do not eat dairy products."
B)
A nurse is assessing a client who has urosepsis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A) Decreased heart rate B) Decreased urinary output C) Increased blood pressure D) Increased motility
B)
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and requires liquids with honey-like thickness. Which of the following foods can the client consume without adding a thickening agent? A) Ice cream B) Yogurt C) Buttermilk D) Cream of chicken soup
B)
A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for aspiration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A) Give the client thin liquids. B) Instruct the client to tuck their chin when swallowing. C) Have the client use a straw. D) Encourage the client to lie down and rest after meals.
B)
A nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty breathing. The client is lying in bed and is already receiving oxygen therapy via nasal cannula. Which of the following interventions is the nurse's priority? 331 A) Increase the oxygen flow. B) Assist the client to Fowler's position. C) Promote removal of pulmonary secretions. D) Obtain a specimen for arterial blood gases.
B)
A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive a level 2 dysphagia diet due to a recent stroke. Which of the following dietary selections is most appropriate? A) Turkey sandwich B) Poached eggs C) Peanut butter crackers D) Granola
B)
A nurse is caring for several clients in an extended care facility. Which of the following clients is the highest priority to observe during meals? A) A client who has decreased vision. B) A client who has Parkinson's disease. C) A client who has poor dentition. D) A client who has anorexia.
B)
A nurse is discussing how the body processes food with a client during a routine provider's visit. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A) Glycerol can be broken down into glucose for use by the body. B) The liver converts unused glucose into glycogen. C) Excess fatty acids are stored in the muscle tissue. D) The body uses glycogen for fat before using available ATP.
B)
A nurse is educating a client who has anemia about dietary intake of iron. Which of the following is a non-heme source of iron? A) Ground beef B) Dried beans C) Salmon D) Turkey
B)
A nurse is instructing a client who has narcolepsy about measures that might help with self-management. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? A) "I'll add plenty of carbohydrates to my meals." B) "I'll take a short nap whenever I feel a little sleepy." C) "I'll make sure I stay warm when I am at my desk at work." D) "It's okay to drink alcohol as long as I limit it to one drink per day."
B)
A nurse is reviewing dietary recommendations with a group of clients at a health fair. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A) "Fats should be 5% to 15% of daily calorie intake." B) "Make protein 10% to 35% of total calories each day." C) "Consume 1,500 mL of water from liquids and solids daily." D) "The body needs 40mg of iron each day."
B)
A nurse is reviewing prescribed medications for a newly admitted client. Which of the following medications increases the body's rate of metabolism? A) Morphine B) Levothyroxine C) Phenobarbital D) Dilaudid
B)
A nurse is teaching a client who is starting continuous feedings about the various types of enteral nutrition (EN) formulas. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? A) Formula rich in fiber is recommended when starting EN. B) Standard formula contains whole protein. C) Hydrolyzed formula is recommended for a full-functioning GI tract. D) The high-calorie formula has increased water content.
B)
A nurse on an orthopedic unit is reviewing data for a client who sustained trauma in a motor-vehicle crash. Which of the following values indicates the client is in a catabolic state (using protein faster than protein is being synthesized)? A) Blood albumin is 3.5 g/dL B) Negative nitrogen balance C) BMI of 18.5 D) Blood prealbumin 15mg/dL
B)
A nurse sees an assistive personnel (AP) perform the following intervention for a patient receiving continuous enteral feedings. Which action would require immediate attention by the nurse? 1147 A) Fastening tube to the gown with new tape. B) Placing client supine while giving a bath. C) Monitoring the client's weight as ordered. D) Ambulating patient with enteral feedings still infusing.
B)
A patient is recovering from a major surgery. Which nutrient should be increased to help with healing? A) Carbohydrates B) Protein C) Fats D) Sugars
B)
Difficulty swallowing increases the risk for aspiration. What is this condition called? A) Dyspepsia B) Dysphagia C) Dyspnea D) Dyslexia
B)
A nurse is instructing a client on how to administer cyclic enteral feedings at home. Which of the following information should the nurse include? SATA A) "Give a feeding every 6 hours" B) "Set the feeding up before you go to bed." C) "Weigh yourself daily." D) "Flush the tube with a carbonated beverage to dislodge clogs." E) "Ensure your head is elevated to 15 degrees during administration."
B) C)
A nurse is preparing to administer intermittent enteral feeding to a client. Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions? SATA A) Fill the feeding bag with 24 hr worth of formula. B) Discard feeding equipment after 24 hr. C) Place any unused formula in open cans in the refrigerator. D) Flush the feeding tube every 4 hours. E) Elevate the head of the client's bed for 15 min after administration.
B) C) D)
The nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia, who has severe malnutrition. The nurse should assess the patient for which of the following assessment findings? SATA 1147 A) Heart Disease B) Sepsis C) Hemorrhage D) Skin Breakdown E) Diarrhea
B) C) D)
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of hypertension and a prescription for a low-sodium diet. Which of the following client statements indicate an understanding of the teaching? SATA A) "I should select organic canned vegetables." B) "I need to read food labels when grocery shopping." C) "I will stop eating frozen dinners for lunch at work." D) "I know that deli meats are usually high in sodium." E) "I can refer to the American Heart Association's website for dietary guidelines."
B) C) D) E)
A nurse is assisting a client who has a prescription for a mechanical soft diet with food selections. Which of the following are appropriate selections by the client? SATA A) Dried prunes B) Ground Turkey C) Mashed carrots D) Fresh strawberries E) Cottage cheese
B) C) E)
Which nursing interventions are appropriate to use in a plan of care to promote sleep for patients who are hospitalized? SATA A) Give patients a cup of coffee one hour before bedtime. B) Plan vital signs to be taken before the patients are asleep. C) Turn television on 15 minutes before bedtime. D) Have patients follow at-home bedtime schedule. E) Close the door to patient's rooms at bedtime.
B) D) E)
A nurse is caring for a client following an appendectomy who has a postoperative prescription that reads "discontinue NPO status; advance diet as tolerated." Which of the following are appropriate for the nurse to offer the client initially? SATA A) Applesauce B) Chicken broth C) Sherbet D) Wheat toast E) Cranberry juice
B) E)
A nurse is discussing health problems associated with nutrient deficiencies with a group of clients. Which of the following conditions is associated with a deficiency of vitamin C? SATA A) Dysrhythmias B) Scurvy C) Pernicious anemia D) Megaloblastic anemia E) Bleeding gums
B) E)
A noisy environment can affect sleep patterns and cause which of the following? A) Increased productivity B) Decreased blood pressure C) Delayed healing D) Skin breakdown
C)
A nurse has been caring for a client who has been following the facility's routine and bathing in the morning. However, at home, the client always takes a warm bath just before bedtime. Now the client is having difficulty sleeping at night. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A) Rub the client's back 15 minutes before bedtime. B) Offer the client warm milk and crackers at 2100. C) Allow the client to take a bath in the evening. D) Ask the provider for a sleeping medication.
C)
A nurse is assisting a client with selecting food choices on a menu. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates ethnocentrism? A) Asking the client about some favorite food choices B) Notifying the dietician to complete the menu. C) Recommending one's own favorite foods D) Asking the client's family to fill out the menu.
C)
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension. Which of the dietary patterns is sometimes followed by Asian clients and places clients at risk for this condition? A) Incorporation of plant-based foods in the diet. B) Consumption of raw foods. C) Preparation of foods using sodium. D) Focus on shellfish in the diet.
C)
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving morphine via a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) infusion device after abdominal surgery. Which of the following statements indicates that the client knows how to use the device? 239 A) "I'll wait to use the device until it's absolutely necessary." B) "I'll be careful about pushing the button too much so I don't get an overdose." C) "I should tell the nurse if the pain doesn't stop while I am using this device." D) "I will ask my adult child to push the dose button when I am sleeping."
C)
A nurse is caring for a client who is transitioning to an oral diet following a partial laryngectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the client's risk for aspiration? A) Request to have the client's oral medications provided in liquid form. B) Instruct the client to follow each bite of food with a drink of water. C) Encourage the client to tuck the chin when swallowing. D) Consult the dietician about providing the client with a thin liquid diet.
C)
A nurse is caring for a client who requires a low-residue diet. The nurse should expect to see which of the following foods on the client's meal tray? A) Cooked barley B) Pureed broccoli C) Vanilla custard D) Lentil soup
C)
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is reporting pain despite taking analgesia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to determine the intensity of the client's pain? 239 A) Ask the client what precipitates the pain B) Question the client about the location of the pain C) Offer the client a pain scale to measure their pain D) Use open-ended questions to identify the client's pain sensations
C)
A nurse is taking a sleep history from a patient. Which statement made by the patient needs further follow up? A) "I feel refreshed when I wake up in the morning." B) "I use soft music at night to help me relax." C) "It takes me about 45 to 60 minutes to fall asleep." D) "I take the pain medication for my leg pain about 30 minutes before I go to bed."
C)
The nurse is reviewing the medical record of an older adult male client. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings places the client at risk for developing a urinary tract infection (UTI)? A) The client has a history of a left-sided stroke. B) The client is taking metoprolol. C) The client has prostate disease. D) The client admits to drinking six alcoholic beverages each day,
C)
A nurse is monitoring a client for adverse effects following the administration of an opioid. Which of the following effects should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of opioids? SATA 239 A) Urinary incontinence B) Diarrhea C) Bradypnea D) Orthostatic hypotension E) Nausea
C) D) E)
A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client who has hypervolemia due to vomiting and diarrhea. The nurse should expect which of the following findings? SATA 357 A) Distended neck veins B) Hyperthermia C) Tachycardia D) Syncope E) Decreased skin turgor
C) D) E)
A provider is discharging a client who has a prescription for home oxygen therapy via nasal cannula. Client and family teaching by the nurse should include which of the following instructions? SATA 331 A) Apply petroleum jelly around and inside the nares. B) Remove the nasal cannula during mealtimes. C) Check the position of the cannula frequently. D) Report any nausea or difficulty breathing. E) Post "No Smoking" signs in prominent locations.
C) D) E)
A nurse is planning care for a client who has mechanical fixation of the jaw following a motorcycle crash. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? SATA A) Thicken liquids to honey consistency. B) Educate the client about the use of a nasogastric tube. C) Assist the client to use a straw to drink liquids. D) Ensure that the client receives ground meats. E) Encourage intake of fluids between meals.
C) E)
A nurse in a nutrition clinic is calculating body mass index (BMI) for several clients. The nurse should identify which of the following client BMIs as overweight? A) 24 B) 30 C) 27 D) 32
C) Overweight is defined as an increased body weight in relation to height, indicated by a BMI of 25 to 29.9.
A nurse is assessing a client's pain. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask the client to assess the quality of the pain? A) "When did the pain begin?" B) "How would you rate your pain on a scale from 0 to 10?" C) "What does your pain feel like?" D) "Can you show me where you have pain?"
C) "What does your pain feel like?" The nurse should assess the quality of the client's pain by asking him to describe how it feels.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a left hip fracture and is prescribed a morphine IV bolus as needed for pain. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? A) Diarrhea B) Tachypnea C) Sedation D) Polyuria
C) Sedation. The nurse should monitor the client for sedation, which is an adverse effect of morphine and can lead to respiratory depression.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has cystitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? A) Insert an indwelling catheter. B) Monitor the client for bradycardia. C) Check the client's stools for occult blood. D) Provide the client with warm sitz baths.
D)
A nurse is discussing foods that are high in vitamin D with a client who is unable to be out in the sunlight. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? A) 1 cup steamed long-grain brown rice B) 6 medium raw strawberries C) 1/2 cup boiled brussels sprouts D) 2 large, poached eggs
D)
A nurse is discussing the care of a group of clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following clients should the newly licensed nurse identify as experiencing chronic pain? 239 A) A client who has a broken femur and reports hip pain B) A client who has incisional pain 72 hr following pacemaker insertion C) A client who has food poisoning and reports abdominal cramping. D) A client who has episodic back pain following a fall 2 years ago
D)
A nurse is preparing a presentation about basic nutrients for a group of high school athletes. She should explain that which of the following nutrients provides the body with the most energy? A) Fat B) Protein C) Glycogen D) Carbohydrates
D)
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to begin taking phenelzine. Consuming which of the following foods while taking this medication could cause a hypertensive crisis? A) Grapefruit juice B) Dark green vegetables C) Greek yogurt D) Smoked fish
D)
A nurse is teaching a client who has a urinary tract infection and a prescription for ciprofloxacin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A) "Limit the amount of fluids you drink while taking this medication." B) "Try to spend one hour each day outside in the sunshine." C) "Take this medication with milk to reduce your risk of stomach irritation." D) "You should not take an antacid within 2 hours of taking ciprofloxacin."
D)
The initial placement of a feeding tube should be confirmed by which method? A) Injecting air and listening for a "gurgle" B) Asking the patient C) Visualizing gastric juices D) Obtaining an X-Ray
D)
The nurse is caring for a client with dysphagia and is feeding her a pureed chicken diet when she begins to choke. What is the priority nursing intervention? 1147 A) Suction her mouth and throat. B) Turn her on her side. C) Put on oxygen at 2L nasal cannula. D) Stop feeding her.
D)
A nurse is preparing to administer hydrocodone to a client who reports throbbing pain following a back injury. The nurse should document that the client is experiencing which of the following types of pain? A) Idiopathic B) Neuropathic C) Visceral D) Somatic
D) Somatic. The nurse should identify that the client who has a back injury is experiencing somatic pain, which affects the bones, joints, and muscles of the body.