312 Exam 1 PrepU and sample
A client who is HIV-positive is in her second trimester and remains asymptomatic. She voices concern about her newborn's risk for the infection. Which statement by the nurse would be most appropriate?
"Antiretroviral medications are available to help reduce the risk of transmission."
Which statement made by a nursing student would best indicate that her education on family-centered care was fully understood?
"Childbirth affects the entire family, and relationships will change."
A client of African descent at 12 weeks' gestation states concern about her fetus having a genetic disorder. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
"Does anyone in your or your partner's families have a genetic disorder?"
A pregnant client in the first trimester asks the nurse about taking medications while she is pregnant. She tells the nurse that she heard that it can be harmful to the fetus if medications are taken at certain times during pregnancy. What is the best response by the nurse?
"Exposure to certain substances during the embryonic phase may be harmful to the developing fetus."
A nurse is assessing a client, and the client asks, "I just saw my neighbor leave the office. I know she was coming in for genetic testing on the baby. Is it bad?" What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
"Health care of all individuals is a private matter."
A nurse receives a phone call from the neighbor of the laboring client she is caring for, inquiring on the status of the baby. Which is the appropriate response by the nurse?
"I am not able to disclose any information."
A 14-year-old client and her parents have presented at the obstetrician's office in the second trimester; the teen had been hiding the pregnancy. The nurse is helping them develop a plan of care. What is the best thing the nurse can say to the clearly angry parents?
"I know you must be very upset and angry about your daughter's pregnancy, but because she's still an adolescent herself, she'll need your guidance in making nutritional and health choices that will be good for the baby and for herself."
After teaching a group of expectant mothers about how to best protect the fetus while in utero, which statement by a mother would best validate understanding of the teaching session?
"I will not take any medicines that the doctor has not prescribed without checking first."
The nurse is seeing a client who is going to be married in a month. This client has a history of Huntington disease in her family. The genetic testing has come back, and the client has just been told she carries the gene for Huntington disease and will develop the disease when she gets older. The client asks the nurse if this information is confidential and if it will remain that way. The nurse explains to the client that her family should be told and so should her fiancé. The client forcefully tells the nurse "no." She is not going to tell either her family or her fiancé. What is the nurse's best response?
"I will respect your wishes and keep your information confidential. I do wish you would reconsider though."
A nurse is conducting a presentation for a group of nurses at the prenatal clinic on basic genetic information. After teaching the group about genetics, the nurse determines that the teaching was effective based on which statement by the group?
"My genome is my genetic blueprint."
During a prenatal visit, a pregnant woman says, "I know the amniotic fluid is important, but can you tell me more about it?" When describing amniotic fluid to a pregnant woman, which description would the nurse most likely include?
"This fluid acts as a cushion to help to protect your baby from injury."
the nurse is preparing a child for a vision screening. how far would the nurse place the child from the chart?
20 feet
An older pregnant woman has come to the clinic for her first prenatal visit. She asks the nurse about age guidelines for genetic counseling and prenatal testing. The nurse informs the client that genetic counseling and prenatal testing should be performed for all pregnant women in which age group?
35 and older
A nurse is assessing developmental milestones for a 7-month-old premature infant born at 28 weeks gestation. What would be the adjusted age upon which the nurse would base the assessment?
4 months
An ovum has received chromosomes for both of the parents. What are the odds of the infant being a male?
50%
The nursery nurse is preparing a consent form for the circumcision of a newborn. The mother of the child is 16 years of age. The baby's father is not participating in the care. When planning to complete the surgical consent, which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
Ask the baby's mother to sign the surgical consent.
When teaching a class of pregnant women about the effects of substance use during pregnancy, the nurse would include which effect?
low-birth-weight infants
A pregnant client refuses treatment for an infection based on cultural beliefs. Which action by the nurse would be appropriate?
Explain to the client why the treatment is important.
The school-age child's peer group values usually dominate when parental and peer group values come into conflict. (3)
False (3)
The nurse is providing atraumatic care to a child who is undergoing surgery and the child's family. The focus of this type of care is meeting the physical needs of the child. (5)
False (5)
At a prenatal checkup with a client at 7 weeks' gestation, the nurse would identify what as a normal finding?
Fetal heart sounds are heard.
The nurse praises a 3-year-old child for using the potty. Which of the following theorists focuses on the satisfaction/frustration of expelling feces?
Freud
A nurse has just assisted in the birth of a premature neonate. The nurse recognizes that which factor, when associated with prematurity, is a leading cause of death in neonates?
Low birth weight
A young female client is pregnant for the first time and is uncertain who to seek prenatal care from. The nurse should point out which health care provider as the likely choice?
Obstetrician
A new young mother has tested positive for HIV. When discussing the situation with the client, the nurse should advise the mother that she should avoid which activity?
breastfeeding
A pregnant client comes to the local health clinic for her scheduled prenatal visit. On her chart, the nurse notices that the client indicated that she resides in an extended family situation. Which arrangement would validate this information?
She lives with her grandmother, her uncle, her mother, and her younger sister.
The nurse is planning a diet for a toddler that is rich in vitamin A. Which of the following foods might the nurse include?
Spinich
A nurse working at the local health district clinic assists numerous adolescents who become pregnant. Which factor will the nurse tell the teens is crucial for a positive pregnancy outcome?
Support network
What should the nurse explain to the pregnant client about the importance of the fetal stage of development?
There is additional growth and development of the organs and body systems.
The nurse caring for an adolescent should teach the parents to monitor their adolescent's interaction with peer groups. (1)
True (1)
Suicide is the third leading cause of death in adolescents 15 to 19 years of age (2)
True (2)
Down syndrome may occur because of a translocation defect. This means the:
additional chromosome was inherited because it was attached to a normal chromosome.
the nurse is conducting developmental surveillance on a child and his family. which of the following is a component of this process?
addressing parental concerns
The fluid-filled, inner membrane sac surrounding the fetus is which structure?
amnion
The nurse is providing care to a pregnant woman who speaks a different language from that of the nurse. When communicating with this client, the nurse demonstrates best practice by which action?
arranging for an interpreter to be present during any communication
A couple is discussing starting a family with the nurse. When should the nurse suggest genetic counseling?
before they conceive
The nurse explains to a pregnant woman that the germ layers that develop in the embryo and become different organs and tissues consist of which layers? Select all that apply.
endoderm ectoderm mesoderm
The best type of toys for toddlers are store-bought interactive electronic toys (1)
false (1)
The nurse is counseling parents of a 5-year-old who are concerned that their child is masturbating. The recommended intervention for this situation is to advise parents to discourage their child from this practice using firm discipline? (2)
false (2)
The school nurse conducting a vision screening program identifies a child with amblyopia. This condition occurs due to malalignment of the eyes. (4)
false (4)
The nurse preparing discharge teaching for the parents of a hospitalized child should base this teaching on the fact that adults are present focused and do not value past experiences. (6)
false (6)
the nurse providing pediatric health supervision should focus on the illness of children. (7)
false (7)
Fetal circulation differs from the circulatory path of the newborn infant. In utero the fetus has a hole connecting the right and left atria of the heart. This allows oxygenated blood to quickly pass to the major organs of the body. What is this hole called?
foramen ovale
The nurse is preparing a postpartum nursing care plan for a single HIV-positive primigravida client. The nurse should prioritize in the plan how to acquire which resource?
formula
The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old for gross motor skill development. Which of the following would the nurse expect this preschooler to have accomplished?
hopping on one foot
After teaching a pregnant woman about the hormones produced by the placenta, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the woman identifies which hormone produced as being the basis for pregnancy tests?
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
A neonate born to a mother who was abusing heroin is exhibiting signs and symptoms of withdrawal. Which signs would the nurse assess? Select all that apply.
hypertonicity excessive sneezing tremors
An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse accurately states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?
lack of prenatal care
When providing education to a prenatal care class for teenagers, the nurse states that infants born to teenage mothers are more likely to have which outcome?
low birth weight
A nurse is considering employment in a practice that promotes family-centered care. When considering this position, the nurse recognizes that this philosophy will:
promote the involvement of the child and parents as members of the health care team.
A nurse is conducting a review class for a group of perinatal nurses working at the local clinic. The clinic sees a high population of women who are HIV positive. After discussing the recommendations for antiretroviral therapy with the group, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which rationale as the underlying principle for the therapy?
reduction in viral loads in the blood
The nurse is assessing the cognitive development of an adolescent. Which of the following statements accurately represents a normal finding at this stage?
the adolescent develops the ability to think outside the present
The nurse is assessing a 5-year-old child for signs of developmental delay. Which of the following would alert the nurse to a potential problem?
the child does not play with other children
Nurses are expected to know how to use the first genetic test. What is it?
the family history
During a clinical rotation at a prenatal clinic, a client asks a nurse what causes certain birth defects. The nurse replies that they can be caused by teratogens. What does the severity of the defects depend on? Select all that apply.
the particular teratogen to which the fetus is exposed when during development the conceptus is exposed to the teratogen
The nurse is assessing a newborn of a woman who is suspected of abusing alcohol. Which newborn finding would provide additional evidence to support this suspicion?
thin upper lip
The nurse is providing atraumatic care to a child hospitalized for cardiac surgery. Which of the following is a recommended guideline when communicating with the child's parents?
treat the parents as equal partners in the care of their child by allowing them to perform as much as possible
the community can be a contributor to a child's health or it can be the cause of his or her illnesses. (3)
true (3)
A fertilized ovum is known as which structure?
zygote
