4-4 History Quizlet For Quiz
What was a blow to Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley?
French defeat
How did William Pitt stop Colonial complaints about the war?
He declared Britain would pay for war, and then after war he would raise colonists taxes to pay the large bill
What did the conflict between the French and the British expand into?
A full-scale war- the French and Indian War
What did Many native Americans see British settlers as, and what did they do about this?
A threat to their way of life. One of these was Pontiac, the chief of an Ottawa village near Detroit. In 1763, Pontiac and his forces captured the British fort at Detroit and other British outposts. During Pontiac's War, Native Americans killed settlers along the Pennsylvania and Virginia frontiers.
What did British scouts do in September 1759?
In September 1759, British scouts spotted a poorly guarded path along the back of the cliff. At night, Wolfe's soldiers overwhelmed the French guards and scrambled up the path. The British troops then surprised and defeated the French army on a field called the PLAINS OF ABRAHAM
What happened to Washington's outpost?
It was under attack by French and Native American allies, the combined army won the battle and forced Washington and soldiers to surrender, the French later released the soldiers and they returned to Virginia
When did the Rivalry between Britain and France turn especially bitter?
Mid 1700's.
What happened to Native Americans because the French lost the war?
Native Americans lost French allies and trading power and now had to deal with the British; British raised prices of goods, refused to pay Native Americans for land, and Worst of all more colonists began settling in Native American lands
What marked the end of France as a power in North America?
The treaty of Paris
During the 1700's what did Britain and France do?
They were leading powers in EUROPE and competed for wealth and empire in different areas of the world; in NORTH AMERICA their rivalry was strongest
To counter the threat of French and Native Americans what did the British colonists try to do?
Tried to make treaty with Iroquois; Iroquois confederacy was the most powerful group of Native Americans in eastern North America
What marked the defeat of France in North America?
fall of Quebec and Montreal
What is a militia?
military force made up of citizens
Who enjoyed early succes in the war?
the French, they captured several British forts, and Native American allies burned farmhouses, crops, and drove many families back to coast
Where did Delegates and Representatives from the seven colonies meet with Iroquois leaders?
At Albany New York in June 1754; Iroquois refused alliance but did promise to be neutral
Why did the Native Americans help French and raid the British?
Because French trappers and fur traders often married Native American women; also french missionaries converted many Native Americans to catholicism
What did the French and British both seek and who had the advantage?
Both sought Native American help, French had big advantage, they already had many native american allies
Who was a great military leader and set more trained British troops to fight in North America?
William Pitt
What happened the same year as Pontiac's war began?
Britain's King George declared that colonists were not to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. To enforce the new rule, the British planned to keep 10,000 troops in America. THE PROCLAMATION of 1763 helped removed a source of conflict with Native Americans and kept colonists on the coast where British could control them
What in Britain led to trouble?
Britain's financial problems led to trouble, Britain in debt because of war with France, So British government plans to tax the colonies and tighten trade rules; these efforts would lead to conflict and EVENTUALLY START A REVOLUTION
What was a Key victory in 1758 that the British won?
British forces won a key victory at FORT LOUISBOURG, in present-day Nova Scotia. The same year a British force, made up mostly of New York and New England militia, captured Fort Frontenac at Lake Ontario. Another British force finally took Fort Duquesne. The British renamed it Fort Pitt.
Why did the Native Americans distrust the British?
Distrusted British and their hunger for land; in contrast French more interested in fur trading then land
What did the war in Europe and with and what did this force the French to do?
Ended with Treaty of Paris 1763 the treaty forced France to give Canada and most of its land east of Mississippi River to great Britain, Great Britain also Received Florida from France's ally SPAIN
When George Washington marched to Fort Duquesne he set up a small fort nearby what did he call this fort?
Fort Necessity
What did Spain acquire?
French lands west of the Mississippi River—called Louisiana— as well as the port of New Orleans.
What was Pitt's goal?
Not only to open Ohio River valley but also to conquer French Canada
What did the Colonists believe?
Proclamation limited freedom of movement, and they feared large numbers of British troops might interfere with their liberties; result distrust began to grow between Britain and its American colonies
How did the French protect claims of the Ohio River valley and how did the British respond to this?
Protected claims by building a chain of forts from Lake Ontario south to the Ohio River; British Respon by building a fort in what is now Western Pennsylvania
What was Quebec and why did people think it was impossible to attack?
Quebec was capital of New France and sat on cliff above St.Lawrence Rivers so because of position it was thought to be impossible to attack
Spring of 1754 what did the governor of Virginia do?
Sent out militia to drive out French from fort Duquesne, leading the force was a young Virginian , his name was George Washington
How many nations did the Iroquois confederacy include and what were they?
Six nations- Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Tuscarora
What did Albany delegates do to plan more closely against the French?
Talked and adopted Benjamin Franklin's plan of Union for a united colonial government, each colony would have to give up some of its powers, no colonial assembly was willing to do so. Benjamin Franklin was disappointed and wrote,"Everybody cries, a union is absolutely necessary but when they come in the manner and form of a union they are perfectly distracted; meeting failed to unify colonists
Who shared thriving fur trade with the Native Americans and didn't want to share the business with Britain?
The French
What did Britain begin to show interest in?
The Ohio River valley, vast land beyond Appalachian mountains wash rich in resources; unfortunately both Britain and France viewed the Ohio river valley as theirs
What two powers was North america in the hands of in its aftermath?
Two European powers- Great britain and spain
When was the turning point in the war for the British?
When 1757 William Pitt became prime minister, head of British government
What did the French do to a british fort?
before britain finished the fort the French seized the site, on it they built their own fort called FORT DUQUESNE
