4.02 Endocrine System & 4.03 Reproductive System Questions

Which gland is posterior to the sternum?

thymus

Which gland is butterfly-shaped and located in the anterior neck on either side of the larynx?

thyroid

A 47-year-old man went to see his doctor. From viewing family pictures, the patient's wife could see her husband's hands, lips, and nose had become enlarged. His chin also protrudes more than it used to. Following some laboratory studies, the doctor diagnosed the patient with:

acromegaly

Which structure of the male reproductive system is suspended in the scrotal sac?

testes

What structure produces secretions that provide nutrients and protection to sperm upon ejaculation?

seminal vesicles

Which structure of the male reproductive system stores sperm and connects to the testes?

epididymis

During a course of antibiotics for a urinary tract infection, the patient began to experience vaginal itching, burning, and leukorrhea. The patient exhibited signs of a:

yeast infection.

Trey has the appearance of a tan, even during the winter months. During a physical exam, he had low blood pressure and low blood sugar. These symptoms are indicative of:

Addison's disease.

Women that are sexually active should have an annual exam and screening for the early detection of cervical cancer. This screening is a:

Pap smear

A small child was being chased by a large dog. Out of fear, the child ran really fast. Which gland enabled the child to get away from the dog?

adrenal

In an emergency situation, the fight-or-flight hormone will increase the heart rate and blood pressure. This hormone is:

adrenaline

Which structure of the male reproductive system is the size of a pea and inferior to the prostate?

bulbourethral gland

Which structure of the female reproductive system serves as the narrow opening to the uterus?

cervix

During which menstrual stage is progesterone produced?

corpus luteum stage

The pancreas is also an organ of the:

digestive system.

The adrenal glands are located directly above the kidneys and are:

divided into the cortex and medulla.

Which female reproductive disorder is characterized by abdominal pain, excessive menstrual bleeding, and the potential for permanent damage of the reproductive organs, including sterility?

endometriosis

On his way to work, the student witnessed a traffic accident. His heart rate increased and his mental alertness improved as he assisted the victims. The student's response resulted from the release of:

epinephrine

Which hormone is most likely deficient for a teenage girl who has undeveloped breasts and an absence of her first menstruation cycle?

estrogen

The two synthetic hormones used in oral contraceptives are:

estrogen and progesterone.

Jessica recently learned that she is pregnant. She knows that fertilization normally takes place in the oviduct. Which structure functions in this manner?

fallopian tube

An organ that produces secretions called hormones is known as a:

gland

The endocrinologist saw a patient whose parents were concerned about their 8-year-old child's short stature. The physician suspects the child may have which deficiency?

growth hormone

Terri has an excessive appetite but has trouble gaining weight. She also has exophthalmos. What condition might she have?

hyperthyroidism

The pituitary gland is controlled by the:

hypothalamus.

Which endocrine disorder may be prevented by consuming iodized salt on food?

hypothyroidism

Menopause normally occurs between the ages of forty-five and fifty-five, but can be induced prematurely by which procedure?

hysterectomy

Which structure of the female reproductive system is composed of fat deposits that surround the entrance to the vagina?

labia majora

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women between the ages of 32 and 52. Which procedure may provide early detection and increased life expectancy for women with breast cancer?

mammogram

Monica is breastfeeding her newborn baby. Her left breast is red and tender. Which female reproductive disorder is she experiencing?

mastitis

What term describes the normal discharge of an unfertilized ovum and degenerated endometrium from the female reproductive tract?

menstruation

Which function of the female reproductive system is demonstrated with menarche?

menstruation

Which structure of the female reproductive system contains the egg cells?

ovary

During this stage of the menstrual cycle, LH, estrogen, and FSH hormones peak and circulate within a female's body. This stage in the menstrual cycle is the:

ovulation stage.

The pregnant woman began to have contractions of the uterus in preparation for childbirth. What is the name of the hormone that initiated her contractions?

oxytocin

Janie has hyperglycemia and is being treated with insulin. Which of Janie's endocrine glands is functioning inefficiently?

pancreas

What endocrine gland contains the islets of Langerhans?

pancreas

Which gland is divided into anterior and posterior lobes?

pituitary

The obstetrician instructs a new mother about the changes in her body. He explains that her breast milk production is the result of:

prolactin

Which gland produces fluid that aids in the expulsion of semen and enhances the motility of sperm?

prostate

Mandy's grandfather is having difficulty urinating. His doctor believes there may be a problem with one of the glands of the male reproductive system. Which gland is the doctor referring to?

prostate gland

What structure of the male reproductive system surrounds the urethra at the neck of the bladder?

prostate gland

A diabetic patient who has a wound infection that is healing slowly may be started on a diet high in:

protein

What is the correct pathway for sperm from spermatogenesis to ejaculation?

testes → epididymis → vas deferens → ejaculatory duct → urethra

A 22-year-old patient consulted his physician after noticing scrotal heaviness, back pain, and breast development. Upon examination, the physician diagnosed him with:

testicular cancer.

A 19-year-old male who lacks chest hair development, a deepened voice, or increased muscle mass is most likely deficient in which hormone?

testosterone

A patient had his parathyroid glands surgically removed. This procedure can lead to a condition characterized by muscle twitching and seizures. The condition that the patient must be aware of is:

tetany

Jackie complained to her doctor about nervousness and weight loss even though she has increased her food intake. Laboratory tests revealed that Jackie had an elevated level of which hormone?

thyroxin

Kelsey has an inflammatory response as a result of tampon misuse. Her symptoms include abdominal tenderness, hypotension, respiratory distress, and renal failure. Which female reproductive disorder is she experiencing?

toxic shock syndrome

Which structure of the male reproductive system is shared between the urinary and reproductive systems?

urethra

During a vasectomy, what structure is severed to produce sterility in the male?

vas deferens

What 45-centimeter structure of the male reproductive system connects the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?

vas deferens