5. Sociology, Psychology, and Counseling (DEAD)

With regard to the American funeral rite, which of the following does the funeral usually accomplish? 1. Provides opportunity to face reality of the loss 2. Gives the opportunity to express emotion and receive comfort 3. Gives final closure 4. Allows the completion of all "unfinished business" 1, 2 and 3 4 1 and 2 only 2 and 4

1 and 2 only

Which of the following are considered to be grief myths:

1. Tears are a sign of weakness 2. It was God's will 5. I should be over it 6. Funerals are just too expensive and boring

Which of the following don't belong in the group categorized as grief avoiders: 1. the displacer 2. the replacer 3. the minimizer 4. the maximizer 5. the postponer 6. the terminator 7. the somaticizer

4 and 5 only 4. the maximizer 5. the postponer

Children ages _______ may understand death as final and frightening but don't accept it happen to everyone, only old people and certainly not to themselves. Death is thought of as a person or spirit separate from the person who was alive, such as a skeleton, ghost, angel of death or bogeyman.

5-9 years

Erick Erickson introduced a stage theory of development that identifies ________ stages of development, each characterized by a psychosocial crisis.

8

By the time a child is __________ years old, death is known as final and inevitable / unavoidable. 3 to five years of age 5 to 9 years 9 years and above birth to 3 years old

9 and above

A cluster of two or more nuclear families united by a social bond for security, protection and help A neo-joint family A modified extended family A pseudo- joint family A nuclear family

A modified extended family

What is the A - in Stone's ABC method of crisis intervention:

Achieving Contact

The sudden, intense physical and emotional expression of grief occurring as the awareness increases of a loss of someone or something significant: acute grief sorrow fear complicated grief

Acute Grief

How you feel about something or someone and how you act toward it or them: Affect Fear Effect Sorrow

Affect

The level of emotion displayed by a person in reaction to an event is called ___. fear effect sorrow affect

Affect

Fear or anxiety caused by the sudden realization of danger created by the impact of shock: Shock Panic Alarm Guilt

Alarm

The son and his family are included in

An Extended Family

Each of the following have affected the nuclear family EXCEPT the fact that death has become more abstract the isolation of the old in our society an increase in the day to day confrontation with death an extended life expectancy

An increase in the day to day confrontation with death

A state of tension, typically characterized rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath and other similar ramifications of arousal of the autonomic nervous system: alarm shock fear anxiety

Anxiety

Early in our lives we seek __________, which focuses on the importance of bodily contact, affection and intimacy. This state, characterized in a theory by John Bowlby is described as a biological system or powerful survival impulse that evolves to ensure our safety and survival in our early years.

Attachment

The tendency in human being to make strong affectional bonds with others coming from the need for security and safety:

Attachment Theory (Bowlby)

A relatively enduring organization of beliefs, feelings and behavioral tendencies towards socially significant objects, groups, events, or symbols with some degree of favor or disfavor defines

Attitude

The modem definition of psychology is that it is the study of individual human: soul beliefs behavior mind

Behavior

This field of psychology is a field in which variation among individuals is separated into two components. Most studies in this field involve twins, families and adoption.

Behavioral Genetics

The act or event of loss that results in the experience of grief Guilt Mourning Bereavement Grief

Bereavement Also: A state, condition , or event produced when we lose someone or something of value best describes the term

What is the B in Stone's ABC method of Crisis Intervention? Has to do with defining a crisis clearly:

Boiling down the problem to essential elements

Strict departmental standards with little or no variation of the standards: Industrialization Urbanization Bureaucratization Mobility

Bureaucratization

Recognizing that funeral service has a high risk for burnout, knowing you need periods of rest and renewal, awareness of your personal limitations, alleviation of stress, effective time-management, a personal support system, the freedom to be who you are, the understanding of your motivation to be in funeral service, developing healthy patters for eating, sleeping and physical exercise, and bodily awareness of stress are all wonderful guidelines that extend to you the funeral director for caring for the _______________.

Caregiver

Which of the following would argue that counseling is associated with good communication?

Carl Rogers (humanistic)

An instrumental action dealing with death, that is also expressional and that may or may not be charged with symbolic content expressing, among other things, the attitudes of the participants and possible onlookers who may be regarded as co-beneficiaries. Funeral Service Ceremony Memorial Service Ritual

Ceremony

This "school" of psychology offers clear links on how emotions are thought about in everyday life. These psychologist focus on how emotions are caused when events or other people affect concerns and on how emotions influence processes such as reasoning, memory, learning and attention:

Cognitive

As funeral directors in order to be authentic caregivers, a professional must behave in alignment with their authentic feelings instead of a pre-set or ideal perception of what a funeral director should be or act like. This defines the concept of Alt Question Same Answer According to client-centered counseling, the necessary quality of a counselor being in touch with reality and other's perception of one-self is termed

Congruence

Abstract patterns of and for living and dying, which are learned directly or indirectly: Taboos Mores Culture Customs

Culture "Consists of abstract patterns (the rules, ideas, beliefs shared by members of society) of and for living and dying, which are learned directly or indirectly"

Social behavior as dictated by tradition: Taboo Custom Law Folkway

Custom

These consist of private citizens, each with a particular field of expertise, who are activated in the event of a disaster. When personnel are activated, licensure and certification is recognized by all states and the personnel are compensated for their duty time by the Federal Government. Teams are composed of funeral directors, medical records technicians and transcribers, finger print specialists, forensic odontologists, dental assistance, dental x-ray techs, mental health professionals, computer professionals, administrative support staff, security and investigators. DPMU's are staged at locations in the East and West for immediate deployment to support this operation. The DPMU's contain a complete morgue with designated work stations for each processing element. These teams support a service called _______________.

D-MORT

This type of grief happens when grief symptoms and reactions aren't experienced until long after a person's death or a much later time than is typical. The griever, who consciously or unconsciously avoids the reality of the pain and the loss and suppressed these reactions:

Delayed Grief 143 NBE CHECK ONE FINAL TIME B4 EXAM

A protective coping mechanism characterized by an inability to perceive external reality is called

Denial

Kubler-Ross Five Stages

Denial. Anger. Bargaining. Depression. Acceptance. DABDA

This part of Freud's model exists to satisfy the demands of the id in a safe and socially acceptable way (takes into account the real world) and is willing to make this consideration. This part exist in both the conscious and unconscious mind and works under the reality principle (weighs the costs and benefits of an action, its positive and negative effects, before deciding to act upon or abandon the impulse). "Balance...."

Ego

What type of suicide is implied in these types of feelings, according to Emile Durkheim: "I'm not good enough, not worthy, feel alienated and no one will even notice that I am gone"

Egoistic DEAD said Anomic, but it is wrong. Anomic is: This type of suicide is due to certain breakdown of social equilibrium, such as, suicide after bankruptcy or after winning a lottery. In other words, anomic suicide takes place in a situation which has cropped up suddenly.

That type of self destruction in which a person has little or no group identification and is seen as a loner is referred to as a Natural death Egoistic suicide Homicide Anomic suicide

Egoistic Suicide

Which word best describes "feelings", sometimes associated with body changes:

Emotions

Which of the following is Worden's second "Task of Mourning"? To experience the pain of grief Accept the reality of the loss Re-invest in another relationship To adjust to an environment without the deceased

Experience the pain of grief

To assist in the understanding of the circumstances or situations the individual is experiencing, and to assist that person in the selection of an alternative adjustment if necessary known as Counseling Facilitating Communication Guidance

Facilitating

Frederick Herzberg asked this question, "What do people want from their job? Do they just want a higher salary or do they want security, good relationships with co-workers, opportunities for growth and advancement or something else together? He found that remedying the causes of dissatisfaction will not create satisfaction nor will adding the factors of job satisfaction eliminate dissatisfaction. Herzberg described two __________ classified into hygiene and motivational."

Factors

Historically the person or persons in charge of the funeral was the undertaker doctor neighbor family

Family

Behaviors that are construed as somewhat less compulsive than mores of the same society, and do not call for a strong reaction from the society if violated.

Folkways

A person's attitude toward death and funerals develops Best by avoiding the subject From early childhood into adolescence From adolescence through young adulthood Only after experiencing losses in one's own family

From early childhood into adolescence

An organized, flexible, purposeful, group centered, time-limited response to death which reflects reverence, dignity and respect: ritual funeral ceremony rite

Funeral

Both funeral and memorial services:

Funeral Rites

An emotion or group of emotions caused by loss Guilt Mourning Bereavement Grief

Grief

This branch of psychology focuses on how mental, emotional and social factors affect a person's physical well-being. It also touches on a patient's mental and emotional reaction to an illness or recovery from an illness:

Health

In an extended (joint) family, religion is taught at revivals Sunday school seminars home

Home

Historically, an inn for travelers, especially one kept by a religious order:

Hospice

Which of the following is an example of something appropriate to say to children in grief:

I don't know the answer to that question honey...

This part of Freud's structural model "the psychic apparatus", the ____________ works at the unconscious level according to the pleasure principle (gratification from satisfying basic instincts); this part of the iceberg is the part that is working on wish fulfillment, often irrational, selfish and impulsive because its concerned only with self-satisfaction. It contains a person's instinctive drives towards sexuality and aggression; "I want...."

Id

Detailed examples of adjustments, choices, or alternatives available to the client or counselee from which a course of action may be selected: Illustrating Options Goals Guidance

Illustrating

You are with a family and you tell them, "This book has someone examples of caskets, flower arrangements, printing, etc. Maybe you would like to look through this as a family and then I can answer any questions you may have? This is the way of providing information that will allow the family to make an informed decision". This is known as:

Informing

A must behavior, not necessarily a basic or important pattern of a people (related to death), but one which is enforced by those governing; a rule of action prescribed by an authority able to enforce its will.

Law

Which of the following is a type of cemetery?

Memorial park

A must behavior, the basic patterns of ideas and acts of a people are

Mores

An adjustment process that involves grief or sorrow over a period of time and helps in the reorganization of the life of an individual following the loss or death of someone loved Guilt Mourning Bereavement Grief

Mourning

Which of the following is NOT one of the normal reactions in Lindemann's symptomatology of normal grief? no interruptions in patterns of conduct feelings of guilt preoccupations with images of the deceased sensations of somatic distress

No interruptions in patterns of conduct

Which of the following would NOT be a desired interview technique during the funeral service arrangement conference? Verbal communication Feedback Non-verbal communication None of these

None of these

A strong emotion characterized by sudden and extreme fear: shock panic alarm guilt

Panic

Which of the following is a style of counseling rather than a type of counseling? Psychotherapy Informational Situational Person-centered

Person-Centered

A total pattern of characteristic ways of thinking, feeling and behaving that constitutes the individual's distinctive method or relating to the environment:

Personality

Factors that complicate grief include: Relationship, Circumstantial, Social, Historical, and _______________. Personality Environmental Experiential Clinical

Personality

Which of the following self concept factors would NOT affect the ability of the funeral director to effectively communicate with his clientele?

Persuasion

According to Carl Rogers, accepting the client or counselee as he or she is, and for what he or she is without imposing judgements or stipulations:

Positive Regard

Those appropriate and helpful acts of counseling that come after the funeral: -Post-Need Counseling -Pre Need Counseling -both a and b are correct -None of these are correct

Post-Need Counseling

A specific act or function dealing with death is called A rite A norm An ethic A folkway

Rite NBE Gives Rite as: A solemn religious event performed in an established and prescribed manner P.116

Death threatens which level of Maslow's needs the most:

Safety & Security

The reaction of the body to an event often experienced emotionally as a sudden, violent and upsetting disturbance

Shock

I have just sustained a tremendous loss. I'm feeling withdrawn, avoidant, overly sensitive and I am not interested in doing much of anything. These are examples that point to the _____________ symptoms of grief.

Social

This part of Freud's psychic apparatus develops during childhood (when child identifies with the same sex parent) and is responsible for ensuring moral standards are followed. This part encompasses an individual's ideals, goals and conscience, as well as societies. This part operates on the morality principle and is concerned what others will think and often stands in opposition to the id. "Morals, Compromise....."

Superego

A behavior which dictates the individual must abstain from certain acts dealing with death is a

Taboo

Sociology of a funeral service begins with the at-need arrangement conference and ends with the graveside service the acceptance of the death by the survivors the church ceremony the time emotional ties with the deceased are severed

The graveside service

Anticipatory grief allows The loss to hurt more The loss to not be felt The grief work to be shortened The mourning process to be worked through at a slower pace

The grief work to be shortened

Which of the following is NOT a distinct role of the funeral service counselor in helping the bereaved family gain insight into problems discovering ways of coping with problems?

The ultimate decisions of the funeral should be influenced by the funeral director

The manager of XYZ Home for Funerals assumes his employees are naturally unmotivated, lazy and dislike working, have learned absolutely nothing useful in Mortuary School, cannot critically think and constantly need direction and supervision, and need to be entices to produce results. Naturally, XYZ Home for Funerals is top-heavy with managers and supervisors with little delegation of authority. What type of manager is this, according to McGregor?

Theory X

The owner of Smith, Jacobs and Moore Funeral and Cremations, adopts a more participatory style of management. They tend to feel their employees enjoy their work, are creative and can think out of the box, can work independently and be trusted with authority. Employees at all levels of the organization are involved in decision making and have more responsibility. What kind of manager is this?

Theory Y

The overall purpose of religion in a funeral service is

To allow for the acknowledgement of the doctrine of atonement

According to Wolfelt- The ability to be considerate and friendly as demonstrated by both verbal and nonverbal behavior: Yearning Warmth and Caring Zeitgeist Empathy

Warmth and Caring

One of William Worden's Determinants of Grief has the example of knowing the person who died, what role they played in the family: ___________________

Who the person was

Because of his financial situation, a man might have to choose whether to keep his nice-looking car which breaks down frequently or buy a badly dented but reliable used one. What conflict is this indicative of:

avoidance-avoidance

Membership consists of one male and one female and the children from their previous marriages and may include children from the present marriage: atomic family nuclear family co-family blended family

blended family

Another controversial therapy for mental health issues centers on this. Often heard, "Shock Treatment, they still do this"? Critics cite brain damage, the use of electricity and high relapse rates as reasons to stay away from this treatment that is still considered the gold standard for profoundly depressed people, for whom antidepressants alone do not help. Health, mental or suicide three times to find a quick pathway out of his depression. Another survived a horrific suicide attempt and after treatment has completely rebounded to care for her three young children. These are examples of people who found this treatment worth the risk and their lives have flourished with good medical treatment and continued care:

ECT

Without a doubt, few vocations are as ______________ and ________________ as funeral service. It requires energy, focus, caring, and a desire to understand and care.

challenging and rewarding

In psychology ___________ is expending a conscious effort to solve personal and interpersonal problems, and seeking to master, minimize or tolerate stress or conflict; the way we try to change or eliminate circumstances or our interpretation of them, to make them more favorable or less threatening.

coping

Many Funeral Directors "drop out" or leave the profession when this stage of burnout occurs. Don't let it get to this stage:

crossroads between help or hopelessness

The highest level of Wofelt's triangle of why we have funerals culminates in the top tier __________, which means funerals have a way of waking us up to the present moment-to think about what matters and how we can fully live our remaining days. Funerals help us embrace life and death and remind us of the preciousness of life

transcendence

Grief experienced by someone that is not openly acknowledged, socially validated or publicly observed, such as from AIDS or stillbirth or abortion. The loss experienced is "real" but survivors are not accorded the right to grieve by anyone around them. What type of grief is this?

disenfranchised grief

Which of the following is NOT a value of the funeral rite with the body present:

immediate disposition choice not to view the body

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the directive counseling approach? it takes less time it is fairly easy to learn and conduct it allows the funeral director to provide necessary information and guidelines it encourages dependence by the bereaved

it encourages dependence by the bereaved

According to Dr. Alan Wofelt, what is his thoughts on the most difficult stage for grievers:

loss, empathy and sadness

Which one of Worden's Principles of Counseling fits this description: Grief is a process and requires time. Especially difficult times are birthdays, holidays and anniversaries and these have the potential to evoke painful feeling of the loss again and again. Counseling can be alert to these difficult times and help clients plan in advance for them.

provide time to grieve

In _________, the bereaved is able to recognize the loss, but also sees that it is possible to have a life apart from the deceased, that is, to return to work, experience pleasure, seek companionship and restore inner equilibrium.

restitution