7.3- Humans and Other Primates
Both of these hominid groups had larger brains, better tools, clothes, and art. Scientists today think that modern ________ came from one of these groups.
humans
Fossils are classified as hominids when they share some of the characteristics of modern ________.
humans
What are hominids?
humans and our human-like ancestors
Arms: If you are bipedal, you have short arms, and if you walk on knuckles, you have ______ arms.
long
Legs- If you are bipedal, you have _____ legs and if you walk on knuckles, you have short legs.
long
Primates are group of _________ that include monkeys, apes, humans, and lemurs.
mammals
Feet: If you are bipedal you have aligned toes and if you are knuckle walking, you have __________ toes.
opposite
You can also tell from differences in _____________ structures.
skeletal
All hominids are unique in terms of size, how they walk, or ____ structure.
skull
We can tell a lot about these "people" because of their teeth and ______. We can also tell because of their lifestyle like their diet, hygiene, age, and skull size.
skull
Neanderthals went extinct 30,000 years ago. How did they go extinct?
we don't know
A Homo habilis evolved 2.4. MYA and it used a lot of tools. The Homo erectus evolved 1.8 MYA and it was as tall as modern humans are today. As recently as 30,000 years ago, 2 types of hominids were living in the same place at the same time. What were the two groups called?
Homo neandertalinsis and Homo heidelberginsis
What did scientists began to call this new group of beings?
Homo
After dinos went extinct, the primates didn't evolve until ___ million years ago.
45
The oldest proof of hominids walking on legs was __.___ million years ago.
3.6
Scientist also think human evolution was around 6-___ MYA.
30
We share a common ancestor, but we did not come from apes. That common ancestor split with humans and apes around 6 to _____ MYA.
30
How many varieties of hominids have been found?
18
Bipedalism is walking upright on ____ feet and it is the main thing that separates us from our human-like ancestors.
2
We think their brains were larger, they possibly used tools, and walked on ___ legs.
2
The first primates did not evolve until dinos went extinct ____ million years ago.
65
Where do many scientists think that hominid evolution started?
Africa
Cavemen mostly lived in Europe and West _______.
Asia
Back: If you are bipedal, you have an S shaped back and if you are knuckle walking, you have a __ shaped back.
C
Where were the oldest hominids found?
East Africa (Chad)
What is a nomad?
a person without a permanent home
Scientists do not always ______ with every classification of hominid.
agree
Homo sapiens were the earliest in Africa (100,000-169,000 years ago). They migrated out of Africa 40,000 to 100,000 years ago. They had a smaller and flatter face than the Neanderthals, rider skull, they created art in ______, sculptures clothing was organized, and they had a more complex society.
caves
The ____________ is the closest living relative to us because they are ____% the same as us.
chimpanzee ; 98%
Cavemen evolved 230,000 years ago. They hunted large animals, made fires, clothing, cared for their sick and elderly, buried their lived ones/dead, and also had rituals. This shows true _____________.
civilization
These beings on the different continents sometimes migrated due to __________ change. They were basically scavengers for survival and nomads.
climate
As hominids are discovered they have to change the family tree. Scientists used to think that is was all a simple "this became that" but now they think that evolution is much more __________ than that.
complicated
Australopithecines are similar to apes but still __________.
different
Ancestors of the first primates my have coexisted with ________________-it was a mouse-like-mammal only because small animals had to hide from big animals because they were considered as food.
dinosaurs
2.4 MYA, more ________-like beings evolved. They had larger brains, larger skulls, flatter faces, they walked more upright, and used more advanced tools.
human
We can tell early hominids from modern humans by having a flatter face, walking upright, and having a _______ skull
larger/bigger
The difference between monkeys and apes are that monkeys have _____ and apes don't because monkeys live in the trees and apes live on land.
tails
What body part is the most obvious to tell the difference? If you are bipedal you have a bowl body part and if you walk on knuckles you have a flat body part.
the pelvis
Many types of the Homo group existed on the same continents at the same _______.
time
Many Australopithecines and other types of hominids lived at the same ______.
times