8-3 Bonding Theories
What is the VSEPR Theory?
(Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory) the repulsion between electron pairs causes molecular shapes to adjust so that valence electron pairs stay as far away as possible
What is the bent angle measure?
105 degrees
What is the tetrahedral angle measure?
109.5 degrees
What is the linear angle measure?
180 degrees
True/false: orbital hybridization provides information only about molecular shape
False. Orbital hybridization provides information about molecular shape and molecular bonding
How are atomic and molecular orbitals related?
Just as an atomic orbital belongs to a particular atom, a molecular orbital belongs to a molecule as a whole
Bonding orbitals have energy that is (lower/ higher) than that if the atomic orbitals from which it formed
Lower
Define bonding orbital
Molecular orbital that can be occupied by 2 electrons of a covalent bond
How is orbital hybridization useful in describing molecules?
Orbital hybridization provides information about both molecular bonding and shape
What kind of bonds are produced when atomic orbitals overlap side by side?
Pi bonds
The BF3 molecule is planar. The attachment of a fluoride ions to the boron in BF3, through a coordinate covalent bond, creates the BF4 ion, What is the geometric shape of this ion?
Tetrahedral
Define hybridization
The mixing of several atomic orbitals to form the same total number of equivalent hybrid orbitals
How many sigma and how many pi bonds are in an ethyne molecule (C2H2) ?
3 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds
Define pi bond
A covalent bond in which bonding electrons are most likely to be found in sausage shaped regions above and below the axis containing 2 atomic nuclei
Define sigma bond
A molecular orbital that is symmetric around the axis containing 2 atomic nuclei
Define linear molecule
A term used to describe the shape of certain molecules such as CO2
What shape would you expect a simple carbon containing compound to have if the carbon atom has the following hybridizations? A) sp2 B) sp3 C) sp
A) trigonal planar B) tetrahedral C) linear
Define molecular orbital
An orbital that belongs to an entire molecule caused by the overlap of 2 atomic orbitals
