A & p chapter 5

The lipid in oil glands is released through which type of secretion? Select one: a. holocrine b. merocrine c. eccrine d. apocrine e. endocrine

a

The loose connective tissue that separates the integument from deeper tissues and organs is called the Select one: a. hypodermis or subcutaneous layer. b. integument or dermis. c. epidermis or superficial fascia. d. epidermis or subcutaneous layer. e. epidermis or dermis.

a

The hypodermis Select one: a. contains a variety of sensory receptors. b. is highly vascular. c. is composed of strata with various functions. d. is quite elastic. e. provides mechanical strength to the skin.

d

Shafts of hair are comprised of Select one: a. keratinized adipose cells. b. dead keratinized epidermal cells. c. living keratinized dermal cells. d. dead keratinized dermal cells. e. living keratinized epidermal cells.

b

A small amount of ultraviolet radiation is beneficial because it ________. Select one: a. constricts blood vessels in the dermis b. adjusts overall gland secretion rates in the body c. stimulates vitamin D3 synthesis in the epidermis d. increases blood flow in the dermis e. stimulates the synthesis of photoreceptor pigments in the eye

c

A thickened area of scar tissue that is covered by a shiny, smooth epidermal surface is called a(n) ________. Select one: a. granulation tissue b. abrasion c. keloid d. callus e. scab

c

As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface, Select one: a. they divide. b. they produce daughter cells. c. they die. d. their nutrient supply increases. e. they enter the dermis.

c

Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels in the Select one: a. dermis. b. epidermis and dermis c. epidermis. d. subcutaneous layer e. hypodermis.

a

In albinism, ________ is lacking. Select one: a. melanin b. keratinocytes c. keratin d. carotene e. collagen

a

Perspiration that is produced by apocrine sweat glands Select one: a. is limited to the hair follicles of the axilla, nipples, and groin. b. is more than 99 percent water. c. helps to cool the surface of the skin when it evaporates. d. contains electrolytes and waste products, such as urea. e. contain astringent compounds that contract the skin and its sweat gland pores.

a

During the regeneration process of the skin after an injury, what is the combination of blood clot, fibroblasts, and an extensive capillary network called? Select one: a. scar tissue b. granulation tissue c. keloid d. scab e. sebum

b

Functions of the skin include Select one: a. synthesizing antibodies. b. regulating body temperature. Correct c. synthesizing digestive enzymes. d. release of large amounts of hormones. e. producing adipose tissue.

b

Nerve fibers in the dermis most likely function in Select one: a. removing carbon dioxide and waste products. b. repairing tissue after injury. c. controlling blood flow to the dermis and epidermis. d. providing nutrients and oxygen to the skin. e. defending of local tissues after infection.

c

The condition that results from clogged sebaceous glands is Select one: a. a freckle. b. a blister. c. acne. d. a carbuncle. e. a boil.

c

The epidermal layer whose cells have stopped dividing and started to produce large amounts of keratin is the Select one: a. stratum basale. b. stratum lucidum. c. stratum granulosum. d. stratum corneum. e. stratum spinosum.

c

Merocrine sweat glands Select one: a. are active only in areas of dense hair. b. are absent in the palms and soles. c. are most common in the axillary and inguinal regions of the body. d. respond primarily to elevated body temperature. e. respond only in times of stress.

d

The ________ layer of the skin contains bundles of collagen fibers and elastin, and is responsible for the mechanical strength and flexibility of the skin. Select one: a. subcutaneous b. corneal c. papillary d. reticular e. germinative

d

Melanin serves to protect cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis from ________. Select one: a. albinism b. melanocyte activity c. discoloration d. keratin production e. ultraviolet radiation

e

The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from Select one: a. keratinocytes. b. melanocytes. c. pigmented basal cells. d. nonpigmented epithelial cells. e. nonpigmented dermal cells.

b

The protein that contributes to many of the skin's protective qualities is called ________. Select one: a. carotene b. keratin c. calcitriol d. dermicidin e. melanin

b

The walls of each hair follicle contain all the cell layers found in which of the following? Select one: a. subcutaneous layer b. epidermis c. basement membrane d. dermis e. hypodermis

b

Epidermal cells synthesize this vitamin when exposed to sunlight. Select one: a. vitamin C b. vitamin E c. vitamin D3 d. vitamin A e. vitamin D2

c

Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light Select one: a. can result in increased numbers of melanocytes forming in the skin. b. has no effect on the skin cells. c. can slowly increase melanocyte activity. d. can result in decreased melanin production by melanocytes. e. can cause destruction of vitamin D3.

c

Thick skin can be found on the Select one: a. legs. b. back. c. chest. d. arms. e. palms

e

Glands that are located in the passageway of the external ear are called ________ glands. Select one: a. mammary b. apocrine sweat c. ceruminous d. merocrine sweat e. sebaceous

c

Hair is formed by the repeated divisions of epithelial stem cells in which structure? Select one: a. cuticle of the hair b. medulla of the hair c. hair matrix d. cortex of the hair e. hair root

c

Choose the correct order of the cell layers, or strata, in a section of thick skin, from the basement membrane toward the free surface (deep to superficial). 1. stratum lucidum 2. stratum basale 3. stratum corneum 4. stratum granulosum 5. stratum spinosum Select one: a. 2, 1, 4, 5, 3 b. 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 c. 2, 4, 5, 3, 1 d. 3, 4, 1, 5, 2 e. 2, 5, 4, 1, 3

e

During skin repair, most of the scab consists of an insoluble network of ________, a protein that forms from blood proteins during the clotting response. Select one: a. keratin b. melanin c. dermicidin d. collagen e. fibrin

e

Modified and specialized sweat glands that produce milk are called ________ glands. Select one: a. ceruminous b. merocrine sweat c. sebaceous d. apocrine sweat e. mammary

e

The observed differences in skin color reflect the levels of ________ production. Select one: a. carotene b. keratin c. melanocyte d. keratinocyte e. melanin

e