AA 2 quizzes week 1-6

According to the AAOS standard, the ROM expected for thoracolumbar lateral flexion (side-bending) is:

35 degrees

Quadratus lumborum palpation is best confirmed with:

Active hip hike by the patient

Thoracolumbar Rotation ROM measurements are taken in sitting to:

Allow for proper alignment of the goniometer

A patient complains of lateral low back pain that is worse with side-bending. Two correct methods to measure side-bending ROM are:

Fingertips to floor and goniometer using S2 and T1 as landmarks

A patient presents with limited thoracolumbar rotation to the right. To measure this limitation prior to treatment a goniometer may be used. What is the correct alignment of the fulcrum and both the proximal and distal arms at the end of the patient's available motion?

Fulcrum is over the middle of the head (cranial aspect), the proximal and distal arms are in line with the right acromion process and right iliac tubercle respectively.

When palpating the hip muscles, what is the best way to confirm you are activating gluteus medius, posterior fibers?

In sidelying, ask patient to abduct their hip with slight external rotation

In palpating the highest point of the iliac crest, you then bring your hands directly medial to and palpate the spine at the same level that corresponds to the peak of the iliac crest. You are most likely on which structure?

L4 spinous process

Your patient complains of decreased movement of the right hip. The patient is able to actively abduct the hip joint to 20 degrees in standing at which point he attempts to continue the motion by hiking his hip. When you check passive abduction range of motion, it is normal/full. The patient denies having any pain with passive or active movement. Which muscle is primarily responsible for the substitution movement described above?

Quadratus Lumborum

How is palpation of a tendon differentiated from a ligament?

Tendons are firm and confirmed with contraction, ligaments are non-contractile and confirmed with tension

When performing the standard test for muscle strength of the medial rotators of the hip, which muscles are primarily being tested?

Tensor fascia latae, gluteus minimus, gluteus medius (anterior fibers)

Which of the following best defines the meaning of Minimal Detectable Change (MDC)?

The minimum amount of change that is not considered to be due to performance or measurement error

When testing the hip flexors, you position your patient in sitting. You raise their knee so the hip is at the end of the available range. The patient is unable to hold against resistance in this position but is able to hold against strong resistance as the thigh is a few inches off the table. What should you conclude?

The patient has weakness in the iliopsoas but is strong in other hip flexors

You are attempting to test a patient's iliopsoas muscle in sitting. When you apply resistance in the test position, you observe that they compensate with lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh. What is a reasonable conclusion from this?

The patient's TFL is too weak to counteract the pull of the sartorius

When attempting to palpate the abdominal muscles in the anterolateral abdomen and above the arcuate line, what is the correct order of these muscles from deepest to most superficial?

Transverse abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, rectus abdominis

When performing a side lying test of a patient's adductor muscles against gravity, which of the following statements is true?

You should apply pressure against the medial aspect of the distal end of the thigh of the bottom leg downwards, towards the table

Which is the following is a useful acronym for remembering the actions of the sartorius muscle?

· FABER

When palpating the hip muscles, what is the best way to confirm you are activating gluteus Medius, posterior fibers?

· In side-lying, ask the patient to abduct their hip with slight external rotation

Which of the following options is the most accurate description for palpating and confirming the TFL muscle?

· In supine, locate the ASIS and then move slightly posterior and inferior towards the greater trochanter. Then cue the patient to perform against resistance: hip flexion, abduction, and internal rotation with the knee held in extension.

The femoral artery pulse can be best palpated:

· In the femoral triangle, 1-2 below the midpoint of the inguinal ligament

The lateral border of the femoral triangle is the:

· Sartorius muscle