A&P axial lab
Identify the typical number of vertebrae that fuse during development to form the coccyx.
3-5
Cranium
8 bones in which encloses and protects the brain
Intervertebral discs are absent between these vertebrae.
Atlas and Axis
Identify the recessed area surrounding the crista galli.
cribriform plates
Which of the following bones is not a facial bone?
ethmoid
Identify the hole that marks the opening of the ear canal on the superficial surface of the skull.
external auditory meatus
Identify the posterior most region of the hard palate.
palatine bone
Which of the following foramen convey a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)?
foramen rotundum
These are major sites of muscle attachment on the femur.
greater and lesser trochanters
Name the type of connective tissue that anchors the ribs onto the sternum.
hyaline cartilage
Identify the region of the coxal bone that articulates with the sacrum
ilium
Which of the following structures would not be found within a vertebral foramen?
intervertebral discs
These important bone markings are located on the sternum
jugular notch and xiphisternal joint
Identify the small facial bones found in the medial wall of the orbit.
lacrimal
Identify the large suture on the posterior surface of the skull at the border of the occipital bone.
lambdoid
How many ribs make up the rib cage?
24
This bone is commonly called the kneecap.
Patella
The __________ girdle attaches the upper limb to the axial skeleton.
Pectoral
Identify the location of the occipital bone.
Posterior surface and base of the cranium
The ethmoid bone is part of the axial skeleton.
TRUE. The axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.
Body weight is borne by the two largest tarsal bones: ________ and ________.
Talus, Calcaneus
Identify the tailbone.
coccyx
The sella turcica is best described as:
depression
Identify the part of a rib that articulates in the demi-facets of the thoracic vertebra.
head
Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the lower jaw.
mandibular fossa
Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the mandible.
mandibular fossa
Name the U shaped border found between the mandibular condyle and the coronoid process.
mandibular notch
Identify the shield shaped top of the sternum.
manubrium
Which facial bones fuse to form the upper jaw?
maxillary
Which of the following facial bones contain a sinus?
maxillary
Which surface of the maxillary bones fuse together?
medial
Identify the region of a rib that articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra.
tubercle
What part of the sternum is palpated prior to giving CPR?
xiphoid process
Identify the 2 bones that make up the zygomatic arch.
zygomatic bone and temporal bone
What is the anatomical name for the facial bones known as "cheekbones"?
zygomatic bones
Which region of the vertebral column is immediately inferior to the lumbar region?
sacral
The nasal septum occupies which anatomic plane?
sagittal
Identify the suture found between the 2 parietal bones.
sagittal suture
Which cranial bone spans the width of the cranial floor?
sphenoid
Name the vertebral projection found in a median plane.
spinous process
The __________, commonly referred to as the breastbone, is a flat bone formed by the fusion of three bones: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process.
sternum
Identify the landmark on the temporal bone that is a pointy spine.
styloid process
Identify the region on the temporal bone that forms much of the zygomatic arch.
zygomatic process
You pick up a vertebra to identify it and note that the transverse processes contain foramina. This unique feature identifies the vertebra as coming from the ________ region of the vertebral column.
Cervical
These bones form the pectoral girdle.
Clavicle and scapula
The ________ on the axis (C2) forms a pivot point with the atlas (C1) that allows you to nod a "no."
Dens
Which of the following characteristics do not belong to the lumbar region?
Elongated spinous process
The ethmoid bone is a facial bone.
FALSE. The ethmoid bone is part of the cranium.
The ethmoid bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum.
FALSE. The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone forms the superior part of the nasal septum.
Name the large bone or bones of the thigh.
Femur
What part of the nasal cavity is formed by the nasal septum?
Forms the medial wall of the nasal cavity.
This single bone of the skull underlies the area we commonly call the forehead.
Frontal
Each foot has a total of __________ bones.
26
How many pairs of ribs are considered false ribs?
5 ~ 5 pairs of ribs are false ribs. False ribs either attach to the sternum indirectly by articulating with the costal cartilage of the rib above it, or do not attach to the sternum at all.
Identify the articulation site for the head of a rib.
Demi-facet
The lumbar vertebrae are part of the appendicular skeleton.
FALSE. The lumbar vertebrae are part of the vertebral column, which is part of the axial skeleton.
The arm consists of one long bone, the __________.
Humerus
The medial end of the clavicle articulates with the ________.
Sternum
The mandible is not responsible for:
Structure of the palate
Identify the location of the ethmoid bone.
between the orbital
Identify the central portion of the sternum.
body
Identify the major weight bearing part of a vertebra.
body
Identify the general location of the zygomatic arch.
cheek
Identify the part of the mandible that serves as a site of attachment for the temporalis muscle.
coronoid process
Identify the landmark that serves as a site of attachment for the meninges.
crista galli
Identify the location of the sphenoid bone.
floor of the skull
Name the opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
foramen magnum
Which of the following bones is unpaired?
frontal
Identify the small hole on the maxillary bone located below the orbit.
infraorbital foramen
Identify the region of the sphenoid bone that contains the optic canal.
lesser wings
Identify the region of the mandible that forms part of the temporomandibular joint.
mandibular condyle
Which region of the mandible articulates with the cranium?
mandibular condyle
Which facial bones makeup the central portion of the bridge of the nose?
nasal
Which of the following bones do not contain a sinus?
nasal
Which of the following locations is not formed by part of the maxillae?
nasal septum
Identify the area of the occipital bone that articulates with the vertebral column.
occipital condyles
Identify the occipital bone landmark that can not be palpated from the surface of the head.
occipital condyles
Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas.
occipital condyles
Identify the cranial nerve that passes through the olfactory foramina.
olfactory nerve (CN I)
Which part of the maxillary bones form the roof of the mouth?
palatine processes
Identify the bone that articulates superiorly with the temporal bone.
parietal bone
Identify the part of the ethmoid bone that contributes to the nasal septum.
perpendicular plate
Which part of the ethmoid bone forms the nasal septum?
perpendicular plate
Identify the primary function of the ethmoidal sinuses.
reduce the weight of the skull
Identify the bony posterior wall of the pelvis.
sacrum
Identify the region of the sphenoid bone in contact with the pituitary gland.
sella turcica
Identify the best description of the mandibular fossa.
shallow depression
Identify the region on the zygomatic bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch.
temporal process
Identify a lateral projection of a vertebra.
transverse process
Which bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum?
vomer
Identify the region of the temporal bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch.
zygomatic process
The first seven pairs of ribs are called floating ribs because they have only indirect cartilage attachments to the sternum.
False, they are known as true ribs
The strongest, heaviest bone of the body is in the thigh. It is the __________.
Femur
The ________ is a median posterior projection arising at the junction of two laminae of the vertebral body.
Spinous Process
What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?
atlas
Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head "no".
atlas and axis
What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?
axis
Name the number of vertebrae that fuse together to form the sacrum.
five
Identify the skull bone that can move independent of head movement.
mandible
Which region of the vertebral column is located superior to the thoracic region and which region is inferior to the thoracic region, respectively?
Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: lumbar
Where is the mandibular fossa located?
Inferior surface of the zygomatic process
Which of the following thoracic vertebrae is the largest?
T12
These small paired bones of the orbit contain a passageway through which tears pass.
Lacrimal
Which bone is NOT considered to be part of the cranium?
Lacrimal bone
The transverse processes of vertebrae point ________, while the spinous process points ________.
Laterally, posteriorly
Costal facets are found on the ________ vertebrae.
Thoracic
This primary curvature of the spine is located in the chest region.
Thoracic
This bone bears the medial malleolus.
Tibia
The fingers of the hand and the toes of the foot—with the exception of the great toe and the thumb—each have three phalanges.
True
The sphenoid bone contains a sinus.
True
This facial bone forms part of the nasal septum.
Vomer
Which region of the vertebral column is immediately superior to the lumbar region?
thoracic
How many pairs of ribs are there?
12
The lower jawbone, or __________, articulates with the temporal bones in the only freely movable joints in the skull.
Mandible
The ________ is the only facial bone with a sinus.
Maxilla
These keystone bones of the face contact all other facial bones except the mandible.
Maxillae
The hand consists of three groups of bones. The carpals make up the wrist. The __________ make up the palm, and the phalanges make up the fingers.
Metacarpals
Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes".
Occipital bone - atlas
The hypophyseal fossa of the sella turcica, surrounds the pituitary gland, and is a part of the ________ bone.
Sphenoid
How many vertebrae comprise the thoracic region of the spine?
12
How many bones make up the nasal septum?
2 The nasal septum is composed of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and the vomer.
How many lumbar vertebrae are in the vertebral column?
5. Five lumbar vertebrae make up the lower back region.
How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum?
7
Identify the best description of the mandibular condyle.
A projection on the mandible
A Fontanelle_____.
All of the above. allows for compression of the skull during birth is found only in the fetal skull is a fibrous membrane
The cribriform foramina, through which the fibers of cranial nerve I pass, are located in the ________ bone on the floor of the skull.
Ethmoid
The lumbar vertebrae are roughly the same size as vertebrae from the rest of the vertebral column.
FALSE. The overall size of the vertebrae increase from the top of the vertebral column to the bottom.
Which of the following categories is the best fit for the zygomatic arch?
Facial
Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it.
Inferior articular processes
The ethmoid bone contains sinuses.
TRUE. The ethmoid sinuses are also known as ethmoidal air cells. They are found on either side of the perpendicular plate.
The shape of the spinous process can be used to help determine if a vertebra is from the lumbar region.
TRUE. The spinous process of a lumbar vertebra is blunt, not pointed as in the thoracic region or bifid as seen in the cervical region.
The lumbar vertebrae are found in the lower back.
TRUE. The 5 lumbar vertebrae are located between the thoracic region and the sacrum, making up the lower back.
Identify the articulation site for a tubercle of a rib.
transverse costal facet
