A&P Chapter 6

The structural units of spongy bone are called

trabeculae

The _______________ is composed of hyaline cartilage and reduces friction between bones involved in a joint.

articular cartilage

Which vitamin increases calcium absorption by the small intestines?

Vitamin D

Red bone marrow is found within __________________________.

spongy bone

True or False? While most trabeculae become compact bone, the center always remains spongy.

True

The shaft of a long bone is called the _____________________.

Diaphysis

These are bone cells that function in resorption - the breakdown of bone extracellular matrix.

Osteoclasts

These are mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue.

Osteocytes

If collagen is removed from bone, what happens to the bone? Choose the best answer.

The bone becomes stiff and brittle

The lifelong process where bone tissue is continuously broken down and rebuilt is called ________________.

bone remodeling

The process by which long bones form from a hyaline cartilage model is called ______________________________.

endochondrial ossification

The ____________ is composed of hyaline cartilage and allows the diaphysis to grow in length.

epiphyseal line

Articular cartilage is found covering the _______________________ of a long bone.

epiphyses

Which region of a long bone articulates with other bones?

epiphysis

These hormones promote "growth spurts" during teenage years and promote bone health through adulthood.

estrogen and testosterone

Collagen within osseous tissue provides ________________________.

flexibility

Interstitial growth is _________________________.

growth of a bone in length at the epiphyseal plates.

The production of blood cells within red bone marrow is called ____________________.

hemopoiesis

During Appositional growth osteoclast destroy bone at the _______________________.

inside of a long bone.

The process by which flat bones form from connective tissue membranes is called _________________________.

intramembranous ossification

These are bones cells that actively form bone extracellular matrix.

osteoblasts

Parathyroid hormone will increase ________________ activity while Calcitonin will decrease _________________ activity.

osteoclast; osteoclast

The cells that are involved in bone resorption (the breakdown of bone extracellular matrix) are

osteoclasts

These are mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue.

osteocytes

The structural units of compact bone are called _____________________.

osteons

Which hormone raises blood calcium levels?

parathyroid hormone