A&P Exam 3 random info

Which neuroglial cells produce CSF in some regions of the brain?

Ependymal cells

A neuron that sends messages to the CNS, and is composed of one or more dendrites and a single axon, is functionally classified as an _____

Sensory neuron

What function do satellite cells perform in the PNS?

Support neuronal cell bodies in regions of gray matter called ganglia in the PNS

The neurotransmitters released by the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla reinforce the effects of the neurotransmitter released by the _____

Sympathetic postganglionic fibers

What occurs from the spinal segments T1-L2?

Sympathetic preganglionic fibers exit the spinal cord

Name the place where nerve information is transmitted from one neuron to another:

Synapse

How are the functions of the brainstem similar to the functions of the spinal cord?

The brainstem, like the spinal cord, performs sensory, motor, and reflex functions

The sympathetic and parasympathetic system are similar in that:

They both innervated most organs of the body and have opposite effects

Interneurons are found only in the ____

CNS

Which ion is needed to trigger the release of acetylcholine, via exocytosis, into the synaptic cleft?

Calcium

A nerve is a _____

Collection of axons

The somatic motor and autonomic nervous divisions: A) connect receptors to the CNS B) both act on the same effectors C) are both referred to as voluntary D) are both part of the efferent division of the PNS

D

When a neuron is at rest, both ____ and ____ are moving through leak channels

K+ & Na+

_____ is a term used to describe the contraction of the muscles that mix and propel contents in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Motility

What causes depolarization during an action potential?

Na+ entering the cell

The thin sheath around a nerve axon (including myelin where this is present)P

Neurilemma

All of the nervous tissue outside of the CNS comprises the ____ nervous system

Peripheral

What is the difference between saltatory and continuous propagation of nerve impulses?

Saltatory carries impulses at a faster rate than continuous propagation

What causes the hyperpolarization at the end of the action potential?

Excessive amounts of K+ leaving the cell

What is the first step that occurs at a synapse that has ACh released?

Action potential arrives at synaptic terminal

Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite with the soma between them are called _____

Bipolar

A filtering mechanism of the capillaries that carry blood to the brain and spinal cord tissue, blocking the passage of certain substances

Blood brain barrier

_____ occurs with increased sympathetic activity

Bronchodilation

A _____ is a substance that dilates the bronchi and bronchioles, decreasing resistance in the respiratory airway and increasing airflow to the lungs

Bronchodilator

How does white matter differ from gray matter?

Bundles of myelinated fibers make up the white matter. Myelin sheaths are lipids, which appear white. Cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers make up the darker gray matter

Which of the following is NOT an effect of activation of the sympathetic division? A) sweating B) relaxing of the bladder C) constriction of the pupils D) peripheral vasoconstriction

C

Where is cerebrospinal fluid formed?

Formation of CSF occurs by separation of fluid from blood in the choroid plexuses

A structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically limked by synapses, amd often forming a swelling on a nerve fiber

Ganglion

The largest cranial nerve that's involved in controlling the muscles for chewing is _____

Trigeminal

Almost 75% of all parasympathetic outflow travels along the _____

Vagus nerve

Damage to the _____ nerve, which is vital for the autonomic control of visceral function, could result in death

Vagus nerve (X)