AAS post midterm review
Utopianism and The Beatles
"The World" Rubber Soul 1965 Final concert - Candlestick Park, San Francisco
Utopianism: sounterculture: the "summer of love"
1967: haight ashbery, san fransisco Welcoming to young people Hippies reject the american dream Love and peace was the refrain-life was there to be experienced fully-make no career plans Hippie: Media attention and created new values of love and kindness "Flower children" demand peace Through music dress and hair a large number of youth expressed a rejection of the values and aspirations of their parents generation By 1967 as opposition to the war expanded flower children were putting daisies in the rifle barrels of troops deployed for security against campus protests
Detroit race riot june 1943
Mobs of white people mad that black people having public space Attacked blacks space and property as well as blacks they saw
The Counterculture 1965
-Beatles making experimental records meant to be purely enjoyed (something different) -Psychedelia - LSD popularization
The great march to freedom, detroit, june 1963
-Dr king led the march w reverend CL franklin (aretha franklin father) -Motown doesnt want to get involved too heavily but they played kings speech on air -Nonviolent direct action protest, southern cristian leadership conference birmingham alabama 1963 -Dr king is arrested and sent to jail where he writes a letter from birmingham jail -If change doesnt happen now its never gonna happen -The movement is getting a lot of criticism from other ministers that he should stop protesting and just wait -If the law is unjust and immoral its not unjust to break the law -He is under no obligation to wait
Motown: the sound of integration and struggles for racial justice in detroit
-Integration meaning removing all public bariers, making equal opportunity a reality, eliminating racial discrimination in politics and society -Motown changed everything for african american music more broadly for everyone -Berry gordy came up with catchy danceable tunes Studio A in detroit -Marvin gay married gordys sister and was offereed a contract -Little stevie wonder-12yr old success -The supremes was the first female group in motown Ended the beatles domination They had a ton of # 1hits -Detroit was the part of its success because of intercompany rivalries that helped push one another -Holland dozier holland was a very good songwriter that could come up with hits -Talented jazz musicians in detroit were the house band heard on every motown song. The funk brothers
protest movements and the beatles
-KKK strongly against them -Beatles rallied against segregation - did not want to play in segregated audience -The Vietnam War: Morley Safer reports from Cam Ne, CBS -Lead to protests and anti-war movements
The marvelettes
-female group out of high school They couldn't put these black girls on the cover they had to hide the artists race to sell better in the south Mary wells 17yrs
Nina simone "mississippi goddam" 1964
From north carolina wanted to be a classical pianist but was denied due to racial discrimination Expression of rage Channeling dr kings letter and other anger from protests Exasperation
Globilization
the circulation of popular cultures around the world fashion happenings -Denim blue jeans - symbolize social change/rebellion -Neutral base that allowed for colorful expression on top -mini skirt -Initially not allowed in urban school dress codes - in relation to juvenile delinquency -Express individuality -Style change - both men and women wore them
SNCC: freedom summer, mississippi 1964
-Organize black ppl to vote in mississippi -The press isn't paying attention so they invited white volunteers from outside the south -Three civil rights people trying to help and went missing two were white one was black -The volunteers needed to know they had died doing this so they understood what the conditions were -They needed to reevaluate going to mississippi knowing some of the crew was already dead and probably some of you wont survive the summer -every single one of them went
John Sinclair freedom rally
-Poet and activist -Leader of the white panthers-radical group inspired by black panthers -10 years in prison for 2 joints of weed -John lenon and wife yoko ono headlined the benefit conference -For racial justice, economic justice, anti war -Beatles break up around 70s and they wanna go off and have lives
The Beatles
-The Beatles, Cavern Club in Liverpool 1961 & 1962 Cultivated a very enthusiastic fan base -Fab 4 - Beatlemania comes to the US, youthful "smarter than typical rock bands" -CBS Ed Sullivan show appearance - record 73 million americans tuned in -Relief from the stress and pain of President Kennedy's death -Perform for the Queen of England -Witty and funny, very likable John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr
March on washington for jobs and freedom august 1963
-To foreground economic justice -No violence -I have a dream speech -Broadcast on national TV -It was a triumph -Mobilize public support for federal civil rights organization
James baldwin 1924-1987
-Writer associated w civil rights movement -Wrote a best selling essay "the fire next time" 1963 Racism and segregation are as big a problem in the north as it is the south even tho its vicious in the south racism in the north is emotional and physiological in the north -You dont need huge amounts of ppl just enough ppl committed to overcoming these anti black issues they may be able to end the raacial nightmare
Racism in the north:
-organized white resistance to integrated public housing, detroit 1942 -Rallying support and attempt to tie public housing in detroit to the war effort
Civil right and segregation on children
16th st baptist church bombing Staging ground for demonstrations involving children and civil rights Black church is independent of white power and control Joan baez "birmingham sunday" 1964 Two african american youths were killed the night of the bombing due to protets, one by police one by whites
crossover: a key concept "the sound of young america"
Challenges of black owned record company selling to the white audience "No matter what the song ig it was sung by a black person it could be implicated in the racial politics of its time"-suzanne smith The motown "family" detroit 1962 Berry gordy, kim weston, smokey robinson, stevie wonder
protest movements
Civil rights and black power, second wave feminism, anti-vietnam war movement, gay liberation movement, labor movement
"A change is gonna come" sam cooke
Crossover success inspired by bob dylan's blowing in the wind Response to these events This song is a civil rights anthem Acknowledge segregation and see hope coming
1968 was a traumatic year in history
Dr king was assassinated Robert kennedy also assassinated Governor of alabama george wallace running for pres was super racist and was getting lots of popularity
Protest movements: SDS and anti war sentiment
First antiwar teach-in university of michigan 1965 Using techniques from civil right movement Whole campus stayed all night with one speech after another Other schools were inspired to do teach ins Mood in the country the next day was full of more protesters Phil ochs-Folk singer/protester
Crossover potential was necessary because it couldn't sound too threatening or it wouldn't become a hit with whites too
Gordy Controlled every step of the process like what they sang and wore Tried to compete against the beatles
Protest movements: plastic ono band, "give peace a chance" 1969 which was an anti vietnam war anthem
John lenon Sung in dc during protest by half a millon protesters Pete seeger led the sing along
Globalization: billy preston "the fifth beatle" "thats the way god planned it: concert for bangladesh
Madison square garden 1971 First benefit rock concert Raised 12 million dollars Organized by george harrison
Brian Epstein
Manager of the Beatles asserted influence over their dress and onstage performance he was gay
Gov george wallace, alabama "segregation now, segregation tomorrow, and segregation forever" 1963
Massive resistance is personified by him and he is not shy about making openly racist attacks and comments on civil rights movements Alabama, mississippi, georgia main segregation states
Muhammad ali, anti war spokesman 1967
Met w dr king after there were attacks in kentucky Why should they ask me to put on a uniform and drop bombs in bullets on brown people there when black people here are treated jsut the same Malcom x and muhammad ali brought significant change in islam in americans in general Ali was stripped of heavy weight championship for a few years but he became famous among activists
Origins of black power: mslcom x and cassous clay/muhammad ali
People didn't think ali stood a chance but he wins this incredible upset After he wins he announces he is changing his name and joining islam Thanks to malcom x
A divided nation: urban riots, suburban fear, and a growing anti war movement
People were arming themselves and practicing shooting Lbj said america was winning but TV reports looked the opposite The class divide btw middle class protesters and working class police Ppl who fought in the war were primarily working class people bc middle class could go to college African americans made up a huge number of casualties Fules opposition to the war among civil rights movements
Globalization and protest movements Yoko Ono
Perceptual and performance art "Cut Piece" - radical artistic experiment Audience cuts off clothing and stays still the whole time (they must confront their own role and ideals) Symbol of female passivity and vulnerability
The 1960s generation on campus
The baby boomers were coming of age in the 1960s the best educated generation in history By late 60s nearly half were enrolled in college 1965 5 million in college 1973 10 million Enrollment at public universities grew the most for many anti war position merged with a larger critique of american society
Martin luther king with malcom x 1964
Who argued for more upfront defence Not everyone loved them they were unpopular Malcolm x did not believe america was capable of reform and change Dr starts to agree with him Malcolm x became more hopeful Before he was assassinated he spoke in support of voting rights campaigns Before kings assissiantion he thought they would get civil and social rights but it didnt look like the best form of it
Detroit 1942: the united auto workers UAW union and arsenal of democracy
World largest union at start of war Civil rights unionism-pursing anti discrimination plus better pay
Birmingham civil rights protest 1963
african american protest against segregation in stores, restaurants, hotels etc
16th st baptist church bombing birmingham
black church bombed due to racist motivations and children were killed
Decolonization
emergence of new African, Asian, Latin American nations from colonial/imperial rule after WWII -George Harrison and master sitar Ravi Shankar (indian) lifelong friends - played together -Mass realization of the search of authenticity - using drugs and alternate states of mind to find it -Openness and inclusivity to more diverse groups
Racial integration in the workplace
ford assembly line 1940
Utopianism
the hope that a better world rooted in more humane values was being born
Civil rights unionism
walter reuther, labor and civil rights leader, president, united auto workers Jim crow opposition to civil rights unionism, north carolina 1950
countercultures
youth culture of rebellion, rejection of dominant rules, values (militarism, materialism, traditional family), and political & secular challenges to authority