Abnormal Behavior Final

Trichotillomania

Disorder characterized by the compulsive persistent urge Of **pulling out of one's own hair** and sometimes eating it and develop repines syndrome FOCUSED - Individual is aware of having the urge to pull, and may develop compulsive behaviors or rituals to avoid doing so. AUTOMATIC - Individual is involved in another task or is absorbed in thought while engaging in the behavior

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Leading cause of mental retardation in a child whose mother consumed large amounts of alcohol on a regular basis while pregnant

Theories and Treatment Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Learning theory - operant conditioning explains the behavior of people who explode occasionally, that it leads to powerful reinforcement for them. Serotonergic abnormalities Treatment SSRIs, mood stabilizers Cognitive behavioral therapy Anger management therapy uses relaxation training, cognitive restructuring, hierarchical imaginal exposure, and relapse prevention for a 12-week period in individual or group modalities.

Biological Point of view eating disorder

**NOT ENOUGH SEROTONIN is related to EATING DISORDERS** Dopamine plays a role in feelings of reward and pleasure including those feelings relating to eating, Serotonin and dopamine receptor genes play a role in altering emotion regulation in individuals with anorexia nervosa. SSRIs limited effectiveness in treating anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Which of the following forms of mental retardation is caused by abnormal chromosomal development affecting the 21st pair of chromosomes? a. PKU b. Down Syndrome c. Fragile X Syndrome d. Tay-Sachs Disease

...

affective spectrum

..., grouping of related with impulse control disorder these disorders they cannot control their impulses experience tension and anxiety they are known as Pyromania, Kleptomania, Intermittent Explosive Disorder, Trichotillomania, and Pathological gambling

Kleptomania

...an impulse control disorder involves the persistent urge to steal, they don't actually wish to have objects or money that is worth. They seek excitement from the act of stealing but they feel their urge is unpleasant,unwanted, intrusive and senseless They experience withdrawal in between experiences as the insomnia, agitation, and irritability Altered dopamine, serotonin and opioid receptor functions as well as changes in brain structures similar to those in people with cocaine dependence High lifetime prevalence rates of : Depressive disorder 43% Anxiety Disorders 25% Impulse control Disorders 42% Drug abuse or dependance 18% suicide attempts

Theories ADHD

ADHD heritability as 70% Structural Brain Abnormalities this is involved with impairment of attentional executive functions of these individuals Neuroautomical in function corlets delay and maturation in the prefrontal lobe Genetic Vulnerabilities interacts with environmental exposure:Birth complications, acquired brain damage, exposure to toxic substances, infectious disease Core Impairment is inability to inhibit responses due to abnormalities in the prefontal cortex self regulation of mood unable to solve problems Sociocultural influences- they have grown up in a chaotic or disorganized family environment and have had failure experiences in school

. Indicate the changes that have occurred in the organization of disorders of childhood in DSM- 5

ADHD:Only two symptom domains now Inattention, Hyperactivity/impulsiviity Onset prior to age 12 (raised from 7 yrs in DSM-IV-TR)subtypes replaced by specifiers Intellectual Developmental Disorder used to be Mental retardation Now determined by adaptive functioning rather than IQ score Dimensional Assessment Severity: Mild, moderate, severe and profound Rationale: Standardized IQ test scores were over-emphasized as the determining factor of abilities in DSM-IV. Consideration of functioning provide a more comprehensive (and ecologically valid) assessment of the individual Learning Disorders: reclassifying as single disorder, separate specifiers can be used to code the level of deficits present in each of the 3 areas of any person

Biological-Thrichotillomania

Abnormalities in: Gene on chromosome 1 known as SLTRK1. SAPAP3, a gene related to glutamate. Neural pathways brain chemistry

Autistic Disorder

Apparent before age 3, usually in infancy,MORE COMMON IN BOYS oddities in several areas that other people easily detect,problems in language development problems with social impairment as communication, can't read, odd behavior, resistant to touch Impaired social interaction - avoid/no initiation- failure of eye contact, they don't enjoy playing with others, sharing experiences Impaired communication - delays in use of language Oddities of behavior, interests and/or activities- bizarre movements, flapping of head in arms, shaking, spinning, rocking,twiddling, head-banging, or other self- damaging behavior, agressive behaviors like tantrums predominant ****HEREDITAVILITY is 90%****

Intermittent explosive disorder

Are aggressive and fail to control their aggressive behaviors. They can have either any outburst that are either verbal (temper tantrums or physical outbursts in which individuals become assaultive or destructive in ways that are out of proportion to any stress or provocation three physical outburst on at least three occasions in a 12 month period may cause damage to the individual other people or property They have negative feelings that other people will come to harm, beliefs they may acquired through harsh punishments they received as children from their parents or caregivers. They feel then their violence is justified. Through modeling they have learned that agression is the appropriate manner to cope with conflict or frustration Threats to physical health Coronary heart disease,Hypertension Stroke,Diabetes ,Arthritis,Back/neck pain Ulcer,Headaches,Other chronic pain.

The pervasive developmental disorder characterized by adequate cognitive and language development but severe impairment in social interaction is referred to as _____ disorder. a. Rett's b. childhood disintegrative c. Asperger's d. autistic

Aspergers

Discuss how the author's of DSM-5 moved all the eating disorders into a new category called "Feeding and Eating Disorders" that will also include feeding disorders of childhood.

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder, Pica, Rumination Disorder was included into Adult Feeding Disorder

Rumination Disorder

the infant or child regurgitates food after it has been swallowed and then either spits out or re-swallows it

Oppositional- Defiant Disorder

Bad temper negative, disruptive behavior disorder characterized by hostility, defiant argue, who likes to say no, behavior result from family or school problems Hot tempered, annoy others, refuse to obey orders, belligerent, spiteful stubbornness, strong temper, belligerence, spitefulness and self righteousness, blaming others **50% to develop Conduct Disorder** Many progress to conduct disorder or later to antisocial personality disorder is like the criminal path Treatment: Change Behavior through positive reinforcement Negative punishment strategedies and punishment that is going to be used changed the thinking help them develop frontal lobe skills executive functions is not maturing at a paze that is being developed the hope is to develop more appropriate behaviors frontal lobe is involved in controlling ones emotions Thinking about what is right or wrong

Theories and treatment pf pathological gambling

Biological :Big win is similar to effects of substance addiction. Involves abnormalities in multiple neurotransmitters including dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, and opioid. Cognitive Discounting of probabilistic rewards - people with this disorder discount rewards they could obtain in the future compared to rewards they could obtain right away. Treatment Medication - Naltrexone, nalmefine, memantine

Selective Mutism

Children with this disorder are capable of using normal language, but became almost completely silent under certain circumstances For at least one month The individual consciously refuses to talk, sometimes accompanying this refusal by avoidant behavior Interferes with normal functioning Behaviorist methods using shaping and exposure seem particularly well-suited to treating children with **** Contingency management - Children receive desired rewards if they engage in the desired behavior of speaking.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy Treatment Eating Disorders

Clinicians attempt to change what are selective biases in people with eating disorders that lead them to focus on the parts of their bodies they dislike importance of weight and shaper individuals self-esteem

ADHD and adults

Deficits in executive functioning - Likely to have difficulty organizing tasks, make careless mistakes, lose things,not able to multy task and perform tasks that involve prioritizing activities on the basis of importance.symptoms of disorganization, forgetfulness, chronic lateness, repeated misplacement of keys and other important items, over all undependability Greater risk of engaging in deviant or antisocial behavior if they show deficiencies in the types of executive functioning task involve carrying out activities of everyday life adults with Self-activation/Concentration-being easily distracted

Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder

Delay in the maturation of frontal lobe **HERIDITABILITY 70%** brain disorder mainly a caused of frontal functioning delay greater than normal maturation process can cause problems neurodevelopment disorder involving a persistent pattern of inattention and or HYPERACTIVITY and IMPULSIVITY It has to occur in multiple context in school and work They will have problems with peers, teachers, parents a lot of negative interactions this will impulse negative interaction Teenagers can have a wide range of behavioral, academic, and interpersonal problems. The symptoms in girls include forgetfulness, disorganization, low self-esteem, and demoralization. Boys externalize their symptoms and become anxious, depressed, and socially withdrawn. Even those who outgrow ADHD may experience lasting marks on personality, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships.

Childhood Eating Disorders

Delayed or absent development of feeding and eating skills Difficulty managing or tolerating food drink Reluctance to eating food based on taste, texture, and other sensory factors Lack of appetite or interest in food Using feeding behaviors to comfort, self-soothe, or self-stimulate

Psychological Perspectives

Fixation at oral stage; disturbed parent/child interactions (impose own needs on the child without differentiation);(struggle for control); sexual or physical abuse Aim of treatment is identifying and changing the individual's maladaptive assumptions that occur with the body shape and weight.

Mainstreaming

Government Policy that integrates children with mental disorders in to school classrooms as normal kids with special education that provides them with assistance to their particular needs

Theories of Autism

Have genetic factors of concordance twins **92%** chromosomal abnormalities on chromosomes **7,2,&15** Overall size of the brain is bigger, but also bigger ventricles, smaller corpus colossumes

development-related disorders.(motor skills disorder)

Impairment in their abilities to coordinate the movement of their hands and feet Unable to tie shoelaces, play ball, complete a puzzle or even write, lack of coordination, low self-esteem 6% children as affected Trouble crawling, walking, sitting problem in academic achievement and ability to engage in ordinary life Hand-eye coordination Visual-spatial difficulties

Pathological gambling.

Impulse-control disorder involving the persistent urge to gamble Seeking financial bailouts. Behaviors seen when people engage in chasing a bad bet. Lying about how much they have lost. Committing crimes to support their gambling. Not in this section anymore in DSM 5 Categorized as a Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders also have high rates of other disorders

ADHD (Hyperactive Impulsive)

Impulsive component is further divided into subtypes of THEY ARE HyperactivE .Fidgeting Restlessness.Running about inappropriately .Difficulty in playing quietly. Often "on the go" Talking excessively --Impulsivity Blurting out answers Inability to wait their turn Interrupting or intruding on others

Effects of Bulimia Nervosa

Ipeac syrup, the medication that people use to induce vomiting, has severe toxic effects when is taking regularly in bigdose who induce vomiting Suffer from dental decay,enamel erosion Lazarive, diuretics, and diet pills can also have toxic effects, regurgitating and then reechoing their food or overusing saunas Gastrointestinal damage from laxative use may be permanent Also possible: fluid retention in hands and feet; destruction of the heart muscle; collapse of the heart valve; damage to esophagus.

Behavioral Perspective on Autism

Lovaas treatment rest on principles of operant conditioning, practiced both by student therapists and parents Self control procedures: self monitoring of language, relaxation training, and convert conditioning

Impairment Level IQ

MILD **50-55 to approx 70** MODERATE **35-40 to 50-55** SEVERE **20-25 to 35-40** PROFOUND **Below 20-25**

Treatments ADHD

Medication -Stimulants (e.g. Ritalin) -Antidepressants Psychosocial treatment -Psychoeducation- have to educate about their condition and how it affects them, instills hope and optimism -Individual Therapy-can set treatment goals, resolve conflicts -self-management training provides the opportunity to build skills by incorporating more structure and routine into ones life

Mental Retardation, ADHD, Conduct Disorder more common in boys or girls?

More common in boys

Treatment of Kleptomania

Naltrexone - an opioid receptor antagonist used primarily for alcohol and/or opioid dependence Cognitive behavioral treatments - include covert sensitization, imaginal desensitization, systematic desensitization, aversion therapy, and relaxation training and helping clients find alternative sources of satisfaction

Summarize current theories and treatments of learning, communication, and motor skill disorders.

Neurological abnormalities causing problems with integration Treatment plan developed by interdisciplinary team (teacher special ed, school psychologist,speech language therapist and possibly neurologist) Respond to Intervention (RTI) - Evidence-based procedures that follow a series of steps. Multi-tiered approach - Children at risk participate in general mathematics instruction and small-group interventions. Integrated approach - Identifies the needs of children and their families in the early stages when the symptoms first begin to emergeae with learning disorders are at risk of stopping out of school, low self-esteem More common in males, social and cultural factors affect how children with learning Disabilities are identified and diagnosed Deficits in the planning and programming of behavior

Treatment- Thrichotillomania

Pharmacological: Antidepressants, atypical antipsychotics, lithium, and naltrexone Behavioral: Habit reversal training (HRT) - teach new response that is incompatible with the undesirable habit. counter condition reverse it or learning new behaviors

Anorexia Nervosa

Restrict their food intake not maintaining to expected weight for their height, & age Have distorted body image, tend to deny problems,Extremely below normal weight ,less interested in sex,more obsessive Preoccupied of gaining weight Death (1 in 10) as result of starvation, medical complications or suicide Lifetime prevalence 0.9% for women and 0.3 for men higher rates of mood, anxiety,impulse-control substance abuse disorder

Which of these medications is most commonly prescribed for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? a. Valium b. Lithium c. Xanax d. Ritalin

Ritalin

_____ is a disorder originating in childhood in which a child consciously refuses to talk. a. Autistic disorder b. Expressive language disorder c. Selective mutism d. Childhood schizophrenia

Selective mutism

Reactive attachment disorder.

Severe disturbance in the ability to relate to others in which the individual is unresponsive to people, is apathetic, and prefers to be alone rather than to interact with friends or family. **CHILDREN WHO ATTACH TO ADULT CAREGIVERS AND RELATIVE STRANGERS** ** CHILDREN WHO ARE EMOTIONALLY WITHDRAWN AND INHIBITED** Both are linked to quality of caregiving

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Used to be called (Feeding Disorder of infancy or early childhood

The persistent failure to eat, leading to a loss of weight or failure to gain weight

Which of the following is true about people with kleptomania?

Unlike shoplifters or thieves, people with kleptomania don't actually wish to have the object they steal.

Who is more likely to experience eating disorder

YOUNGER PEOPLE WOMEN ANY RACE HIGHER SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS SOCIALLY COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT

Learning Disorder

You will give an intelligence test to measure aptitude for general cognitive abilities the score tells you were the person should be performing Reading and writing is much lower compared to that IQ score test Achievement is lower than aptitude Achievement will be tested by standardized test of reading, writing arrithmetic Aptitude is tested by intelligence test -2-20% of Americans -5% of school age children High Risk are those who haver Lower Education and Higher Poverty Rates

Language Disorder (Expressive Language Disorder)

a communication disorder having limited and faulty vocabulary, speaking in short sentences with simplified grammatical structures, omitting critical words or phrases, putting words in peculiar order

Impulse control disorder

a desire an urge, that emerges that it needs release for satisfaction, like a craving, sense of excitement rush repeatedly engage in behaviors that are often harmful. They feel they cannot control themselves. Before they act on their impulses, they experience tension and anxiety that they can relief only by following their impulses

Binge Eating Purging type(Anorexia)

a lot of eating and vomiting but feels out of control but are underweight

Tict

a rapid, involuntary movement of vocalization,A combination of chronic movement and vocal tics more commonly reported in males A lifelong condition Motor tics:: **Eye blinking,Facial twitches, Shoulder shrugging** Vocal tic Examples:: **Grunting,Coprolalia,Tongue clicking Coughing, Snorting Uttering obscenities (called Coprolalia) Tongue clicking

_____ is an elimination disorder in which the child is incontinent of urine and urinates in clothes or in bed after the age when the child is expected to be continent. a. Enuresis b. Rumination disorder c. Stereotypic movement disorder d. Encopresis

a. Enuresis

Which of the following disorders is often comorbid with anorexia nervosa? a. obsessive compulsive disorder b. panic disorder c. agoraphobia d. reactive attachment disorder

a. obsessive compulsive disorder

Rex, a 9-year-old boy, gets too scared whenever he has to leave his parents and go to school. Rex's mother has to leave work frequently, as she gets calls from Rex's school that he is crying endlessly. He often asks for his mother. Rex is most likely suffering from _____ disorder. a. separation anxiety b. overanxious c. avoidant Blooms: Apply d. rumination

a. seperation anxiety

Isabel is afraid of gaining weight. In order to avoid becoming fat, she eats very less. Her restrictive eating behavior has resulted in her being severely underweight. Furthermore, she is overly conscious about the shape of her body. Which of the following best explains Isabel's condition?

anorexia nervosa

Childhood-Onset fluency disorder (SHUTTERING

are unable to produce fluent speech characterized by sound repetitions and prolongations, broken words, blocking out sounds, word substitutions to avoid problem and words expressed with an excess of tension. It is difficult to determine cause and effect

Marcus suffers from a pervasive developmental disorder, because of which he cannot communicate with others. He is unable to relate emotionally to others. However, he can remember directions to any location he has been to once. He can also recall 16 digit pin codes after having heard them only once. He can quickly solve extremely challenging mathematical puzzles. Marcus is most likely to be suffering from _____. a. Fragile X syndrome b. Down syndrome c. PKU syndrome d. autistic savant syndrome

autistic savant syndrome

In which learning disorder does a child omit, distort, or substitute words when reading, and read in a slow and halting fashion? a. disorder of written expression b. dyslexia c. expressive language disorder d. receptive language disorder

b. dyslexia

Nancy often engages in behaviors she feels are way beyond her control. She is quick to respond to spontaneous urges that often makes her regret the consequences of her actions. However, she is filled with a deep feeling of gratification after acting on her whims. Nancy is most likely to receive a diagnosis for _____. a. adjustment disorder. b. impulse-control disorders. c. obsessive compulsive disorder d. generalized anxiety disorder

b. impulse-control disorders.

According to clinicians, which of the following approaches has yielded better results in treating individuals with eating disorders?

b. psychotherapeutic methods

Lenugo (Anorexia)

baby hairs that are developed to keep the body warm

Asperger's disorder. known as Autistic Spectrum Disorder

became severely impaired in SOCIAL INTERACTION. they developed restrictive, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests and activities. Don't show any symptoms until they are at preschool age, Don't have friends, and don't make eye contact, Have difficulty reading the social cues of others,taking turns talking and are unable to interpret language, But can have very sophisticated vocabulary

Treatment Disruptive Behavior Disorder

behavioral cognitive, and social learning useful with youths Goal: helping children learn appropriate behaviors, cooperation and self-control, unlearn problem behaviors, aggression, stealing, and lying

Charlie, a teenager from Fremont, Ohio, usually eats excessive amounts of food whenever he goes out for a meal with his friends or family. In such occasions, he usually feels a lack of control over himself and is unable to regulate the quantity he eats or stop eating altogether. In this instance, Charlie is engaged in _____.

binge eating

Pamela loves cakes and pastries. She frequently indulges on high-calorie confectionaries and then induces vomiting to avoid gaining weight. Pamela is most likely to receive a diagnosis for _____. a. rumination disorder b. bulimia nervosa c. anorexia d. binge disorder

bulimia nervosa

Pervasive Developmental Disorders

conditions that begin in childhood and have a major impact on social and cognitive functioning involve serious deficits in social interaction communication skills, behaviors, interest and activities

Which of the following will be a criterion for the diagnosis of Intellectual Developmental Disorder in DSM-5? a. There should be growth problems such as height, weight, or both at or below the 10th percentile (adjusted for age, sex, and race or ethnicity). b. The IQ level should be approximately 50 or below on an individually administered intelligence test, such as the WAIS-IV or WISC-IV. c. There should be impaired functioning, relative to a person's age and cultural group, in a variety of daily life activities such as self-care and ability to work. d. The disorder must begin prior to the age of 12

c. There should be impaired functioning, relative to a person's age and cultural group, in a variety of daily life activities such as self-care and ability to work.

The frequent vomiting seen in bulimics may result in: a. extreme weight loss. b. an aversion to food. c. tooth decay. d. canker sores

c. tooth decay

Behavioral treatment

care that integrates, multidisciplinary assessment with treatment of any related condition that may be affecting the individual, including depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, or an autism spectrum disorder.

Childhood disintegrative disorder,

child develops normally until between ages 2 and 10, it starts to loose language and motor skills as well as adoptive functioning as bowel and bladder control could happen to boys and girls

Encopresis

child is at least 4 years old repeately has bowel movements either in clothes or inappropriate places 30% of children by the age of 3 Treatment Behavioral Training

Enuresis

child is incontinent of **urine and urinates** in clothes or in bed after the age of 5 when the child is expected to be completely toilet trained **BOYS ARE MORE LIKELY** 20-25 % of 4 year old still wet their bed treatment: urine alarm

Till she was two years old, Janet reached all the developmental milestones in time. However, after her second birthday, she began experiencing severe difficulties in walking and coordinating her movements. She stopped interacting with people and was unable to use language effectively. She had bladder control problems even at the age of eight. Janet was most likely diagnosed with _____ disorder. a. Asperger's b. rumination c. childhood disintegrative d. Alzheimer's

childhood disintegrative

Separation anxiety disorder.

children have intense and inappropriate anxiety concerning separation from home or caregivers, children cling so closely to a parent, they will not let the parent out of their sight Panicky, miserable, homesick, withdrawn, sad when separated from attachment figure Demanding, intrusive, feel need for constant attention Treatment - systematic desensitization, prolonged exposure and modeling; contingency management and self-management

Genetic Factors

chromosomal abnormalities that can lead to (IDD) down syndrome,

Exposure therapy

clients view their own bodies, mirror confrontation, mindfulness techniques Clinicians address the component of body image involving size overestimation by helping clients view their bodies more holistically in front of a mirror Teaching them mindfulness techniques to reduce their negative cognitions and affect about their bodies. Giving them psychoeducation about the ways that their beliefs reinforce their negative body image.

Pica

condition in which a person eats inedible substances paint, string, hair, animal droppings and paper as dirt or feces, associated with mental retardation can cause lead poisoning or injury to the gastrointestinal tract

Roger has a severe disorder that makes him blink his eye constantly. He also frequently bangs his head and makes growling noises. These repetitive behaviors are involuntary and occur frequently. Roger most likely has _____ disorder. a. obsessive-compulsive b. autistic c. Asperger's d. Tourette's

d. Tourette's

The results of a long-term study of later behavior patterns indicate that most children with conduct disorder a. grow out of it by the age of 18. b. are more likely to develop anxiety disorders later in life. c. are more likely to be diagnosed with learning disabilities. d. are likely to continue behaving in antisocial ways later in life

d. are likely to continue behaving in antisocial ways later in life

Comorbity ADHD

deficits in inhibitory mechanism in the prefontal cortex are involved in obsessive compulsive disorder

Rett's disorder

developing normally until 5 months of age and 4 years occurs only in FEMALES changes indicate of neurological and cognitive impairments occur in child who was developed normally, growth in the head slows, accompanied by loss of hand skills, loss of social engagement, poor coordination, psychomotor retardation, and severely impaired language.

Jim is eight years old and cannot yet tie his own shoes. He is extremely embarrassed in gym class because he cannot catch, throw, or kick a ball. His parents regard him as being "accident-prone." Jim most likely has _____ disorder. a. developmental coordination b. rumination c. stereotypic movement d. Tourette's

developmental coordination

Restricted Type (Anorexia)

do not engage in binge eating, they don't repelled the idea of being thin they have the idea of being overweight MOST ANOREXICS are this type, Type of anorexia where the person does NOT engage in binge eating.

Which of the following neurotransmitter systems seems to be involved in compulsive gambling Selected Answer: a. GABA b. dopamine

dopamine

Meredith, who is six-years-old, has a lot of difficulty in reading. When asked to read aloud, she is very slow and often leaves out words. She reads letters and words in a reversed manner. When she is reading letters, she reads them incorrectly, for example the letter "b" looks like "d" and "m" becomes "n." Meredith may be suffering from a. stuttering. b. cluttering. c. expressive language disorder. d. dyslexia.

dyslexia

Bulimia Nervosa

engage in binge eating during which they eat an excessive amount of food during a short period (in a 2 hour period) feeling lack of control, which they feel they cannot stop eating. At least once a week for 3 months 1.5 women, o.5 men tend to be people-pleasers, more impulsive know they have a problem weight is average or above-average.

Stereotypic movement disorder.

engage in repetitive, driven behaviors as waving, body rocking, head banging, self -biting and picking at their bodies. these behaviors can interfere with there normal functioning can cause bodily injury 60% of children between 2 and 5 engage in these repetitive behaviors when is simnifically impairment

Many children who are afflicted with autistic disorder insist upon a daily routine that is a. unstructured. b. adaptable. c. flexible. d. extremely rigid.

extremely rigid

Pyromania

feels tension that builds and builds an obsessive taught that can't get out of the head this provokes the compulsive act they commit ACT SETTING FIRES they receive pleasure, gratification, fascination and curious or relief when setting or witnessing fires or while participating in their aftermath but their purpose is not monetary gain SURGE OF DOPAMINE cognitive theraphy

A condition involving mental retardation that develops in the child of a woman who regularly consumes excess amounts of alcohol while she is pregnant is referred to as a. alcohol dependence syndrome. b. Fragile X syndrome. c. Tay-Sachs disease. d. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.

fetal alcohol syndrome

Rampunzel syndrome-Trichotillomania

hairballs which settle in their gastrointestinal tract, causing abdominal pain

Mark talks a lot and often interrupts other to during conversations. He gets into fights with his friends for being unable to wait for his turn during games. He also has a difficult time sitting still, and has a tendency to interrupt others, but generally he can pay attention to what his teacher is saying as he moves around the room. He has not shown any of the symptoms of inattentiveness during the past six months. He has discipline problems and gets lower grades. Which type of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is Mark likely to be diagnosed with? a. overactive b. hyperactive-impulsive c. combined d. psychotic

hyperactive impulse

Teratogens

include drugs or toxic chemicals, maternal malnutrition, and infections in the mother during critical phases of fetal development. cause problems for the developmental fetus Anoxia - loss of oxygen to brain Premature birth, and brain injury during delivery

Which of the following, if true, suggests that an individual is likely to be diagnosed with pyromania?

individual sets fire to buildings for personal relief and gratification

Intellectual Developmental Disorder used to be known as Mental Retardation

individuals who have intellectual and adoptive deficits that became evident when they were children it has to meet 3 conditions:General Intellectual Abilities: An intelligence test might measure reasoning, problem solving, judgment, ability to learn from experience and learning in academic context. Second Criterion: IMPAIRMENT IN ADAPTIVE FUNCTIONING, communicating, social participation,taking care of themselves, getting around, cooking and cleaning and independent living, problems in using money telling time Third Criterion: must start before 18, Criterion 70< or below

Graham finds it inordinately difficult to hold back his anger when stuck in heavy traffic. In such occasions, he often experiences an uncontrollable urge to get out of his car and smash the windshields of the cars lined up ahead of him. In the past, he had been arrested several times for acting on such violent impulses. Graham most likely suffers from _____. a. depersonalization disorder b. antisocial personality disorder c. intermittent-explosive disorder d. avoidant personality disorder

intermittent-explosive disorder

Conduct Disorder

involves repeated violations of the rights of others and society norms and laws it is more serious CHILDREN are more commonly diagnosed** MALES MORE COMMON** Delinquent Behaviors: Stealing, Truancy, Running Away from home,Lying, Fire-setting, sexual assault breaking & entering when caught deny behavior, shift blame to others and lack remorse, more serious cases involve arrest, impulsive CHILDHOOD PRECURSOR OF ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER to adulthood 50%

In order to be considered mentally retarded, an individual's IQ must be a. between 100 and 120. b. less than 70. c. less than 100. d. between 80 and 100.

less than 70

Menorea

lost of menstrual cycle

Catherine has been diagnosed with intellectual developmental disability due to maternal alcohol exposure. She goes to a regular school, instead of attending special classes. This educational philosophy that places Catherine in a regular set up in society is an example of a. assimilation. b. classical conditioning. c. mainstreaming. d. association.

mainstreaming

Tourette's Disorder

mostly males, disorder begins gradually,often with a single tict, such as eye blinking which over time grows Lifelong condition Onset in child hood and adolescents Some patients are comorbid with obsessive compulsive symptoms, speech difficulties and attention problems Brain inhibitory mechanism in the prefrontal cortex

ADHD (Inattentiveness)

not putting attention the frontal lobe is used in order to put attention and being consistent .Carelessness .Cannot listen when spoken to directly .Cannot follow through on instructions .Difficulty organizing tasks .Avoids to engage in tasks that require mental effort .Commonly lose belongings .Easily distracted .Forgetfulness in daily activities Continue to experience these symptoms during adolescence and adulthood

Binge eating

person feels out of control discrete periods of time, lack control over eating, engage in binges for at least twice a week for 6 months

A condition of recurrent eating of inedible substances such as paint, string, hair, animal droppings, and paper is called a. pica. b. rumination. c. bulimia. d. encopresis.

pica

Speech sound Disorder

the individual substitutes or omits speech sounds, these speech patterns may cause academic problems as child grows older

Discalculia (mathematics Disorder

specific in mathematics tasks and concepts impairment may be visible in linguistic skills as understanding math terms,symbols or concepts as counting

Reading Disorder (Dyslexia)

specific in reading individual omits, disotorts, or substitutes words when reading and reads in a slow, halting fashion, unable to identify letters & sound

Which of the following terms refers to environmental hazards that include drugs or toxic chemicals, maternal malnutrition, and infections in the mother during critical phases of fetal development? a. teratogens b. androgens c. mutagen d. carcinogen

teratogens

Dysgraphia (written expression)

the individual has difficulty spelling, using proper gramatic or punctuation errors and organizing paragraphs, disorder with written expression can create interpersonal and practical problems fewer job opportunities will occur

Which of the following factors best predicts the success of behavioral interventions in treating autistic disorder? a. the age of onset of the disorder b. whether or not the child is on medication c. the intensity of the training and age at intervention d. the severity of the autism

the intensity of the training and age at intervention

COMORBITY EATING DISORDERS and OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER

the perfectionism present in both,serotonin abnormalities in both, cycle of obsessive thinking around food that leads to the binge and the compulsive act of purging

Effects of Anorexia Nervosa

their bones, muscles, hair and nails become weak and brittle , hand and mouth blisters develop low blood pressure, slow breathing and pulse, fatigued _May become infertile No eating causes stress in the body Heart & Brain suffer damage experience organ failure

Protective factors

to reduce the impact of their disorder on their late adaptation and development Placing children in appropriate classes and receive social services that can help them and their families. The more they receive help and loving and stable home life the greater the chances of avoiding secondary conditions

Amanda is an 8-year-old girl who compulsively pulls out her own hair in response to an irresistible urge to do so. She is unable to stop this behavior despite the development of several bald patches on her head due to hair loss. Which of the following impulse-control disorders is Amanda most likely to have? a.pyromania b. trichotillomania c. adjustment disorder d. impulse control disorder

trichotillomania

Nonpurging type (Bulimia)

try to compensate for what they eat by fasting or engaging in excessive exercise

Purging type (bulimia)

try to force out of their bodies what they've just eaten by induced vomiting administer an anema or take laxatives

Autistic Savant Syndrome

who posses an extraordinary skill, the ability to solve extremely complicated numerical operations,musical skills, artistic talent, ability to solve extremely challenging puzzles