Abnormal PSY Chapter 6: Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders

Memories formed before the age of _____ tend to be sketchy.

3

Which of the following is a reason an individual may develop dissociative identity disorder?

As a strategy to cope with traumas

Which of the following dissociative disorders is characterized by a person developing one or more distinct personalities?

Dissociative identity disorder

Which of the following is a treatment goal for dissociative identity disorder?

Helping the client work through the trauma to integrate all the alternative personalities into one coherent personality

It was observed during the two world wars that many soldiers would inexplicably become paralyzed or blind and therefore were unable to return to the front. Most of them seemed unconcerned about their paralysis or blindness. This phenomenon is known as _____.

Hypnosis

Brian has a history of drinking heavily before going to bed. One morning his family accused him of kicking the dog, breaking several dishes, and being verbally abusive. Brown says he has no memory of the incident. Most likely Brown's memory loss is related to _____.

Korsakoff's syndrome

Which of the following is true of dissociative identity disorder (DID)

People diagnosed with DID claim to have significant periods of amnesia

Which of the following disorders may appear similar in their presentation?

Somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder

Which of the following represents one of the difficulties in diagnosing somatic symptom disorders?

The person may have a real physical problem that is difficult to detect

In Hilgard's study on the "hidden observer" phenomenon, he argued that there are two modes of consciousness: the _____ and _____.

active mode; receptive mode

Unlike a person with dissociative identity disorder, a person in a fugue state:

actually leaves the scene of the trauma or stress.

One complication that arises in diagnosing amnesias is the possibility that:

amnesias are being faked by people to escape punishment for crimes committed.

Organic amnesia often involves the inability to remember new information, known as _____

anterograde amnesia

People with conversion disorder:

can be difficult to treat because they have difficulty believing that something is wrong with them psychologically.

Cognitive therapies for somatization disorder focus on:

challenging the client's maladaptive interpretations of physical symptoms and teaching them techniques for appropriate interpretations.

Freyd and colleagues (2007) suggest that individuals who dissociate from, and forget, their abusive experiences are most likely to perform differently from other individuals on _____ that require divided attention.

cognitive tasks

Loftus's "lost at the mall" studies showed how easy it is to _____.

create a false memory

Experiences of unreality or detachment with respect to surroundings are typical of individuals diagnosed with:

derealization disorder.

Somatic symptoms and dissociative disorders are considered by some theorists to be the result of a psychological process known as _____, in which different parts of an individual's identity, memories, or consciousness split off from one another.

dissociation

Candice faked her symptoms to gain medical attention. She exaggerated her symptoms to the point that exploratory surgery was conducted. Candice most likely has a _____.

factitious disorder

Mary created an illness in her younger daughter to draw attention to herself. This is known as a _____.

factitious disorder by proxy

Family studies suggest that somatic symptom and pain disorders run primarily among _____ and _____ have higher rates of alcoholism.

female relatives; male relatives

Jaclyn has been complaining for several weeks that she has lost all feeling in her right hand. Her physical exam revealed no nerve damage. However, Jaclyn insists that something is wrong because she feels as though she has on a tight glove. Jaclyn is mostly experiencing _____ associated with _____ disorder.

glove anesthesia; conversion disorder

Vickianna's doctor is trying to distinguish between illness anxiety disorder and somatic symptom disorder. According to the DSM-5, to make the distinction he should be determine if Vickianna _____.

has physical symptoms

People with conversion disorder:

have an inability to cope with distress or trauma in adaptive ways.

To receive a diagnosis of derealization disorder, the person must:

have frequent and distressing depersonalization episodes that disrupt functioning.

_____ was formerly known as hypochondriasis.

illness anxiety disorder

Dissociative identity disorder was formerly known as _____.

multiple personality disorder dissociative personality disorder

The main difference between the amnesia in dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue is that:

people with dissociative fugue typically leave home and create a new life for themselves in another area, while people with dissociative amnesia do not take flight and create new identities.

DSM-5 has added the words _____ to the DID criterion A. This makes the criteria more applicable to diverse cultural groups and is related to why some studies suggest that Latinos may be more likely than other ethnic groups to experience dissociative symptoms in response to traumas.

possession

Amnesia is categorized as either _____ or _____.

psychogenic; organic

People diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder frequently have periods of all of the following EXCEPT _____.

psychotic disorders

Robert has an accident when he is out trekking with his friends. He cannot recall anything that happened just before slipping and hitting his head on a boulder. He most likely has _____.

retrograde amnesia

The inability to remember information from the past is known as _____.

retrograde amnesia

When people with dissociative identity disorder report hearing voices talking inside their heads, they may be misdiagnosed as having _____.

schizophrenia

Sherry believes that she has a serious illness. She has had a headache for several days with no relief from traditional over-the-counter medicines. Her visit to the doctor revealed no organic reason for the headaches. Unsatisfied with the results, she goes to several other medical professionals for treatment. Sherry is most likely suffering from a(n) _____.

somatic symptom disorder dissociative disorder acute stress disorder

In dissociative identity disorder, an alter that inflicts pain or punishment on the other personalities by engaging in self-mutilative behaviors (such as self-cutting or self-burning) and suicide attempts is called _____.

the persecutor

Freud and his contemporaries viewed conversion symptoms as results of:

the transfer of psychic energy attached to repressed emotions or memories into physical symptoms.

For most people, the active mode and receptive mode:

weave our experiences together so seamlessly that we do not notice any division between them.

Amnesia is frequently seen in murder cases with _____ percent of people arrested for homicide claiming to have amnesia.

25-45

Which of the following statements is true of conversion disorder?

Emotional stressors can inhibit the circuits between the sensorimotor areas of the brain and areas involved in emotions, causing a loss of sensation or motor control.

Which of the following techniques is heavily used to contact alters in the case of dissociative identity disorder?

Hypnosis

Which of the following statements is true of psychogenic amnesia? .

It involves memory loss that is limited to personal information.

Some studies suggest that _____ may be more likely than other ethnic groups to experience dissociative symptoms in response to traumas.

Latinos

In the context of the theories of conversion disorder, which of the following best describes secondary gain?

The attention and sympathy received as a result of the conversion symptoms

Which of the following is the most common alter found in dissociative identity disorder?

The child

Which of the following alters found in dissociative identity disorder offers advice to the other personalities or performs behaviors the host is unable to handle?

The helper

According to DSM-5, which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for illness anxiety disorder?

The individual must perform excessive health related behaviors.

Which of the following is considered to be the most dangerous alter found in dissociative identity disorder?

The persecutor

In which of the following countries is dissociative identity disorder diagnosed most frequently?

United States

People who develop dissociative identity disorder tend to be:

highly suggestible and hypnotizable.

Many courts deny the use of hypnosis in the case of dissociative amnesia because of the possibility that:

hypnosis will "create" memories through the power of suggestion. the hypnosis will cause more damage to the individuals' well-being.

Bertram has spent years being concerned about his health even though he has no symptoms or pain. Several years ago, he read an article on tumors and became preoccupied with thoughts about getting a tumor. He rarely seeks medical help and in fact avoids doctors and hospitals. Bertram is most likely experiencing a(n) _____.

illness anxiety disorder