Abnormal Psych Test #2

Factors other than the independent variable may also act on the dependent variable. If these factors very systematically with the independent variable, they are called___

confounding

The group of participants that is not exposed to the independent variable under investigation (in an experiment) is called the:

control group

Behavior that violates legal norms is:

deviant and criminal

Deciding that a client's psychological problems represent a particular disorder is called

diagnosis

The psychophysiological disorders are

disorders in which symptoms are unconsciously produced in order to keep unconscious conflicts from conscious thoughts

Which diagnosis includes a breakdown in sense of self, a significant alteration in memory or identity, and even a separation of one part of the identity from another part?

dissociative disorder

The part of the body that releases hormones into the bloodstream is the ___ system

endocrine

The ___ operates in accord with the pleasure principle.

ID

Which of the following tests is a personality inventory?

MMPI-2

A combat veteran receiving the best treatment for post traumatic stress disorder would be likely to receive which of the following treatments?

a serotonergic antidepressant, family therapy, and exposure therapy (A, B, and C are correct)

Drugs designed to decrease extremely confused and distorted thinking are termed:

antipsychotics

A psychologist does a study of an individual involving a history, tests, and interviews of associates. A clear picture is constructed of this individual so that the behavior is better understood. This study is a(n):

case study

Long-term studies of those with obsessive-compulsive disorder show that obsessive thoughts in many cases eventually lead to

cleaning or checking compulsion

One who sees abnormality as a problem in living usually refers to those seeking help with their problems in living as

clients

A person is hard at work trying to discover which combination of environmental and genetic factors produce schizophrenia. Most likely, the person is a:

clinical researcher

The model of abnormality that concentrates on thinking is the

cognitive model

A previously neutral environmental event that becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus is called a(n):

conditioned stimulus

Dr. Martin has just asked a potential client to talk about herself. After she responds, the doctor's next question is based on some interesting point she brought up. There are few constraints on the conversation. Dr. Martin has just:

conducted an unstructured interview

Fear differs from anxiety is that

fear is to a specific threat and anxiety is more general

All cases of dissociative amnesia generally involve

interference with episodic memory

If researchers studied Vietnam veterans for 30 years after their return, the study would be

longitudinal

The usual goal of therapy for dissociative identity disorders is to

merge the sub personalities into a single identity

College students who are so anxious that they can't function unless their clothes are arranged by color and type in their closets are expeirencing a(n)

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Rosa's heart was racing from the 4 cups of coffee she had just finished, but she thought she might be having a heart attack. Her fear seemed to be increasing without end. This might be the beginning of a:

panic attack

You notice someone who is sweating, experiencing shortness of breath, choking, feeling dizzy, and is afraid of dying. If it is not a heart attack but an indicator of anxiety disorder, it is probably:

panic attack

Systematic desensitization has been down to be especially effective in the treatment of:

phobias

An intense, persistent, and irrational fear that is accompanied by a compelling desire to avoid the object of the fear to the point of interfering with the life of the person is called

phobic disorder

A "fake" pill used as the control condition in a drug study is a

placebo

A pattern of anxiety, insomnia, depression, and flashbacks that persists for years after a horrible event is called:

posttraumatic stress disorder

Raphael was just outside the parking garage of the World Trade Center when the explosion occurred. At the time he was terrified and had visions of the building falling on him. Ever since the bombing he has periods of anxiety and sleeplessness. This is an example of a

posttraumatic stress disorder

The total number of cases of a disorder int he population is called the

prevalence

According to the psychodynamic vide, conversion disorder symptoms function to keep unacceptable thoughts and conflicts out of consciousness. This is called

primary gain

The model of abnormality that focuses on unconscious internal processes and conflicts in behavior is the

psychodynamic model

Disorders that are thought to have both biological and psychosocial causes are

psychological disorders affecting medical conditions

Not all participants are the same. Researchers use ___ to reduce the possibility that preexisting differences between groups are responsible for observed differences after experimental manipulation

random assignment

How is relaxation training similar to biofeedback training and self-instruction training?

relaxation training increases awareness and control of one's physical and mental state

The neurotransmitter most often implicated in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder is

serotonin

After Marie's plan crashed, her mother came to stay with her. Her friends visited often, and went to lunch and dinner with her occasionally. This situation, which probably contributed to Marie's coping ability after the accident, relates to ___ as a factor in her response to the stress

social support

Mary Ann experiences a mugging a robbery in wich her prized poodle is kidnapped. Eventually the dog is found and returned. However, she is unable to recall events immediately following the attack, up until the safe return of the dog. This is a classic example of:

localized amnesia

A cluster of symptoms that go together and define a mental disorder is called

syndrome

The principle of informed consent assumes that

the participant can understand the explanation

A person with dissociative identity disorder has just experienced "switching." Which of the following most likely has happened?

the person has changed from one sub personality to another

Of the following alternatives, which is the best for differentiating dissociative amnesia from dissociative fugue?

those with dissociative fugue travel

People who are consistently angry, impatient, competitive, driven, and ambitious are displaying a ____ and are at a greater risk for heart disease

type A personality

Which of the following is an example of a metaworry?

worrying about worrying

People who become preoccupied with some imagined or exaggerated defect in their appearance suffer from a

body dysmorphic disorder

Which of the following is an inaccurate belief that many clinicians appear to have?

Clinicians using their own logical are most accurate than statistical analysis.

Which of the following is true about malingering and factitious disorders?

Malingerers are trying to achieve some external gain by faking illness

Sarah brings her young daughter into the emergency room with internal bleeding. The attending physician later concludes that Sarah caused the symptoms in her daughter intentionally, to bring to a doctor's attention. If this assessment is true, Sarah would be diagnosed as having:

Munchausen syndrome by proxy

Besides their time course, in what other major way do acute stress disorder and post traumatic stress disorder differ?

Only acute stress disorder requires dissociative symptoms

Who is never blind in an experiment?

Pharmacists

Which of the following does NOT characterize stress disorders?

a compulsive need to engage in activities that remind one of the event

A pattern of anxiety, insomnia, depression, and flashbacks that begins shortly after a horrible event and persists for less than a month is called:

acute stress disorder

Which phrase of the general adaptation syndrome is assumed to involve activation of the sympathetic nervous system?

alarm

Which of the following drug types increases the activity of GABA?

benzodiazepines

The model of abnormality that cites physical processes as being the key to behavior is the

biological model

A 35-year-old woman hobbles into the office of a physician complaining of a debilitating illness that has robbed her of the use of her left leg and right arm. The physician finds no physical basis for her symptoms. She appears totally unaware that the cause of her symptoms may be psychological. The diagnosis would be:

conversion disorder

The group of hormones that appears to be most involved in arousal and fear reactions are the

corticosteriods

A person who constantly feels upset and nervous, so much that it interferes with work is experiencing a(n)

generalized anxiety disorder

Leila always feels threatened and anxious-- imagining something awful is about to happen. But she is able to work and care for her family, although not as well as she would like. Leila is probably experiencing

generalized anxiety disorder

The model of abnormality that focuses on the role of values and choices in behavior is the

humanistic-existential model

If a person were experiencing numerous physical complaints, visiting doctors frequently, and expressed great concern about normal bodily symptoms, one would most likely suspect

hypochondriasis (Illness Anxiety Disorder)

People who fear the slights change in their physical state is an indication of serious illness suffer from:

hypochondriasis (Illness Anxiety Disorder)

Our expectations, values, and sense of who we are and where we fit in society form our

identity

The anxiety response associated with the stress disorders is mediated by which neurotransmitter?

norepinephrine

The explicit and implicit rules for proper conduct that a society establishes are referred to as

norms

According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, the part of the personality that is the conscience is the

superego