Abnormal Psych Test 2
Biochemical explanations for bipolar disorder focus on all of the following EXCEPT
hormonal functioning
One distinction that DSM-V makes between acute and PTSD is based on?
how long the anxiety symptoms last
People who take the MAO inhibitors and want to decrease the risk of negative side effects would make the greatest changes in which aspect of life?
what they eat
Which of the following is an example of a metaworry?
worrying about worrying
Fear differs from anxiety in that...
Fear is a specific threat and anxiety is more general
If a therapist asked you to say whatever came to mind, then suggested interpretations designed to help you work through grief over real or imagined losses, your therapist would be using which type of therapy?
psychodynamic therapy
All of the following are biological treatments for generalized anxiety EXCEPT
rational emotive therapy
If your therapist gave you homework that required you to challenge your faulty assumptions and replace them with healthier ones, the therapist would be using
rational-emotive therapy
The therapy for generalized anxiety disorder developed by Albert Ellis is called
rational-emotive therapy
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
receives support in therapy applications for a wide range of disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder
Evidence in support of the biological understanding of generalized anxiety is supported by the finding that
relatives of people with generalized anxiety are more likely to have it than nonrelatives
Which of the following is a nondrug biological treatment for anxiety that is in general use today?
relaxation therapy
The difference between bipolar I and II is
severity of manic episodes
Exposure and response prevention as treatment for OCD
shows improvement that often continues indefinitely
According to Martin Seligman's theory, who of the following would be most likely to develop learned helplessness?
someone who had experienced uncontrollable negative events and then a controllable negative event
Which of the following would be a behavioral symptom of depression?
staying in bed for hours during the day
The statement, "This is awful, but I guess I can deal with it like I do everything else," MOST impacts one's
stress response
According to the DSM-V, all of the following are considered symptoms of a manic episode, EXCEPT
suicidal ideation
An important difference between mood disorders and normal mood fluctuation is
the severity and duration of the problem
Psychodynamic and humanistic therapies have in common
their lack of strong support from controlled studies
A professor who puts on rubber gloves before grading papers and religiously avoids any contact with the hands of students is exhibiting a(n)
touching compulsion
To be classified as having a major depressive episode, depression must last for a period of at least
two weeks
A friend says, "If we could just eliminate combat traumas, we could eliminate a great deal of PTSD." Most accurate response to this?
"Yes - although civilian trauma causes many more cases of PTSD than combat trauma does."
A friend of yours diagnosed with unipolar depression says, "This can't be that bad. Maybe my creativity will increase." MOST accurate reply is
"You should get some therapy, there's nothing positive about depression."
About what percentage of clients with unipolar depression receive treatment from a mental health professional each year
50%
A pattern of anxiety, insomnia, depression, and flashbacks that begins shortly after a horrible event and persists for less than a month is called
Acute stress disorder
The individual associated with developing a cognitive theory of depression based on negative and maladaptive thinking
Beck
Francoise is depressed. Her therapist asks her about her daily experiences, focusing on how often people say nice things to her. Her therapist MOST likely has what type of orientation?
Behavioral
Which of the following is not an example of a biological treatment for depression?
Contingency Management
The part of the body that releases hormones into the bloodstream is what system?
Endocrine
Lithium has been found to do what for unipolar depression?
Enhance the effectiveness of antidepressant drugs in unipolar depression
Leila always feels threatened and anxious - imagining something awful is about to happen. but she is able to work and care for her family, but not as well as she would like. Leila is probably experiencing...
Generalized anxiety disorder
The following explanation of anxiety disorders would MOST likely be offered by what theorists? "Phobic and generalized anxiety disorders arise when people stop looking at themselves honestly and with acceptance and instead deny and distort their true thoughts, emotions, and behavior."
Humanistic approach
Panic disorder appears to be related to abnormal activity of which neurotransmitter?
Norepinephrine
Raphael was just outside the parking garage of the World Trade Center when the explosion occurred. At the same time he was terrified and had visions of the building falling on him. Ever since the bombing he has had periods of anxiety and sleeplessness. This is an example of a
PTSD
A student who turns pale and feels nauseated when called on to speak in class is experiencing what kind of response to stress?
Physical
Which theoretical position explains the origin of anxiety disorders as the overrun of defense mechanisms by neurotic or moral anxiety?
Psychodynamic approach
Which theory states that people develop generalized anxiety disorders because they failed to receive unconditional positive regard as children and evaluate themselves with conditions of worth?
Roger's client-centered theory
"Who wouldn't be afraid all the time? We have bomb, overpopulation, AIDS, and violent crime everywhere. It's difficult to get a good job unless you understand all that complicated computer junk." Consistent complaint of what perspective's explanation of GAD?
Sociocultural
Someone interested in the effects of social change, poverty, and race on the risk for generalized anxiety disorder probably represents which perspective?
Sociocultural
Which of the following accurately describes the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway of the stress response?
The hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary to produce a stress hormone that causes the adrenal gland to release corticosteroids
What do ECT, vagus nerve stimulations, and transcranial stimulation have in common?
They suggest that brain stimulation is effective in treating severe forms of depression
How concerned should we be about victims of sexual assault and terror? Is there a very great risk that they will experience PTSD?
Yes, the risk is great; over a third of sexual assault victims and about half of terror victims experience PTSD
Sam can't leave for work without going back into his house and making sure that he has taken all of his writing materials. He does this several times before he allows himself to start the car and drive to work. He is frequently late for work because he is so unsure about remembering everything. Sam is displaying
a checking compulsion
Which of the following does NOT characterize stress disorders?
a compulsive need to engage in activities that remind one of the event
Among the reasons cited for so many college students experiencing emotional problems are all of the following except
a lack of sensitivity to the issue by admissions counselors
Which of the following is Not a goal of the cultural-sensitive therapy movement?
a therapy for minority clients delivered exclusively by minority therapists
Second messengers are
active inside the neuron
The MOST common mental disorders in the US are
anxiety disorders
Which of the following is the BEST example of a broad social anxiety?
apprehension about being evaluated by others
PTSDs
begin immediately after the stress occurs
Cognitive theorists have found that people who develop OCD
believe their thoughts are capable of causing harm to themselves or others
If you wanted a drug to improve the functioning of GABA, you would choose
benzodiazepine
Apparently tricyclics work by
blocking the reuptake of norephinephrine and serotonin
If you were treated with ECT, you would experience a(n)
brain seizure
The experience of feeling like weeping constantly would be considered what aspect of depression?
emotional
According to the DSM-V one must demonstrate which of the following set of symptoms in order to be diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
excessive worry for 3 months, restlessness, behavior changes, distress
Until recently, the evidence that generalized anxiety disorder is related to biological factors came largely from
family pedigree studies
A person who is restless, keyed up, and on edge for no apparent reason is experiencing
free-floating anxiety
Bipolar Disorders have recently been linked to
improper sodium transport
Antidepressants that are effective in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder serve to:
increase serotonin activity in the brain
A person who believes that it is awful and catastrophic when things are not the way he or she would like them to be is displaying
irrational assumptions
A person who believes that one should be thoroughly competent, adequate, and achieving in all possible aspects is displaying
irrational assumptions
Disadvantages of taking benzodiazepines include all of the following EXCEPT:
lack of sleep, increased anxiety, and passivity
According to "intolerance of uncertainty theory" those with GAD are
likely to overestimate the chances that any negative event will occur
The "increasing activities and elevating mood" phase of Beck's treatment for depression
makes the therapy cognitive-behavioral rather than purely cognitive
Cognitive therapists believe that generalized anxiety disorder is induced by
maladaptive assumptions
A state of breathless euphoria, or frenzied energy, in which individuals have an exaggerated belief in their power describes
mania
The cognitive explanation for panic disorders is that people who have them
misinterpret bodily sensations
Research on the cognitive explanation for the development of generalized anxiety shows that people with generalized anxiety symptoms
overestimate their chances of being harmed
Every once in awhile, Ona feels nervous to the point of terror. It seems that to come on suddenly and randomly. Her experience is an example of a(n):
panic disorder
