ACHS Unit 2: AP Human Geography MC#2
2. Which of the following best describes the phenomenon of demographic momentum? (A) Despite a falling fertility rate, the population of a country with a large percentage of young people continues to grow. (B) In countries where birth rates have declined, the proportion of elderly people naturally increases. (C) The difference between the number of births and the number of deaths during a specific period is explained by demographic momentum. (D) The average number of years that a child can expect to live increases as a country industrializes. (E) The drop in infant mortality accounts for a large part of the decline in the overall death rate in recent years in many countries.
Answer: (A) Despite a falling fertility rate, the population of a country with a large percentage of young people continues to grow.
24. Ernst Ravenstien's demographic studies focused mainly on (A) migration (B) natural increases in population (C) spatial interactions (D) fertility rates (E) population density
Answer: (A) migration Why The Answer is Correct: Ernst Ravenstien made the Ravenstien's Laws of Migration so... he most obviously focused on migration.
6. The gravity model describes an inverse relationship between the... (A) volume of migration and the distance between source and destination (B) step migration and intervening opportunities (C) flows and counter flows of migrations (D) intervening obstacles and intervening opportunities (E) environmental push and pull factors and cultural push and pull factors
Answer: (A) volume of migration and the distance between source and destination
14. 1950's: 26% U.S. minority share 1960's: 31% U.S. minority share 1970's: 57% U.S. minority share 1980's: 62% U.S. minority share 1990's: 80% U.S. minority share 2000's: 92% U.S. minority share Which of the following statements is not supported by the information above? (A) The minority share of U.S. population growth has grown significantly since the 1950's. (B) By the 2000's, the U.S. population was 92% majority (C) The white majority share of U.S. population growth has decreased significantly since the 1950's. (D) The minority share of U.S. population growth has grown steadily during each decade since the 1950's. (E) Since the 1970's the minority share of the overall U.S. population growth was more than 50%.
Answer: (B) By the 2000's, the U.S. population was 92% majority
19. Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding population policies in India. (A) India's successful population policies have most likely prevented the country from becoming the most populous country in the world as early as 2030. (B) Despite policy coordination problems, India's birth rates has dropped by more than half in the last 35 years. (C) India's government has made few attempts to curtail population growth. (D) Like China, India has had a problem coordinating a centralized population policy. (E) India has followed China's lead in establishing a "one child policy" on the national level.
Answer: (B) Despite policy coordination problems, India's birth rates has dropped by more than half in the last 35 years.
11. "Improving the status of women also enhances their decision-making capacity at all levels in all spheres of life, especially in the area of sexuality and reproduction. This, in turn, is essential for the long-term success of population programmes. Experience shows that population and development programmes are most effective when steps have simultaneously been taken to improve the status of women." Which of the following would the author of the statement above be most likely to support? (A) Population rates should be controlled by the central government. (B) Women should be able to control their own fertility. (C) Population increases should be encouraged, especially in less developed countries. (D) Population increases should be encouraged, especially in less developed countries. (E) Population control is not an international issue.
Answer: (B) Women should be able to control their own fertility.
21. Which of the following was the most significant human migration to occur during the 19th and early 20th centuries? (A) emigration from Asia to Europe (B) emigration from Europe to the Americas (C) emigration from Africa to Asia (D) emigration from Latin America to North America (E) emigration from Asia to North America
Answer: (B) emigration from Europe to the Americas
3. The pressure that people place on the land to produce enough food is measured by... (A) arithmetic (or crude) density (B) physiological population density (C) population concentrations (D) the stationary population level (E) the demographic equation
Answer: (B) physiological population density
9. Which of the following is an accurate statement about the population of China? (A) The population is spread out fairly evenly across the country. (B) Population is more concentrated in the southern part of the country. (C) The western part of the country is sparsely populated. (D) Population hugs the coastlines with almost no large inland cities. (E) Population is more concentrated in the northern part of the country.
Answer: (C) The western part of the country is sparsely populated.
18. The "mortality revolution" occurred in Europe during the mid-19th century when... (A) birth rates dropped significantly (B) pandemics lowered population levels dramatically (C) death rates dropped significantly (D) birth rates and death rates both rose significantly (E) a stationary population level was achieved
Answer: (C) death rates dropped significantly
8. Which of the following is least likely to have a high population density? (A) coastal areas of South America (B) river valleys in Africa (C) interior areas of Australia (D) sea level altitudes in North America (E) coastal areas of India
Answer: (C) interior areas of Australia
25. Canada's two largest language-based ethnic groups are... (A) English and Spanish (B) Russian and Inuit (C) English and German (D) English and French (E) French and German
Answer: (D) English and French
10. The Chinese government's population policies since 1979 have resulted in... (A) an overall reduction in the county's population (B) a disproportionately large number of young women in the population (C) tighter restrictions for family sizes of ethnic minorities than for Han Chinese (D) a rapidly aging population (E) a strict one-child policy for almost all families
Answer: (D) a rapidly aging population
7. Refugees fleeing from Balkans during the 1990's were mostly reacting to... (A) economic push factors (B) economic pull factors (C) cultural pull factors (D) cultural push factors (E) environmental push factors
Answer: (D) cultural push factors
20. The demographic equation summarizes population change over time in an area by combining... (A) immigration and emigration rates (B) spatial interactions and migrations (C) distance decay and step migration (D) natural change and net migration (E) push and pull factors for migration
Answer: (D) natural change and net migration
5. During the late 1800's, an important pull factor for immigrants to the United States was... (A) a potato famine in Ireland (B) political unrest of Germany and Eastern Europe (C) political persecution in Russia (D) the Industrialization Revolution in the U.S. (E) forced migration of slaves from Africa
Answer: (D) the Industrialization Revolution in the U.S.
12. Which of the following areas of the world generally have net out-migrations? (A) Asia and North America (B) Africa and Europe (C) Latin America and Oceania (D) Europe and North America (E) Africa and Asia
Answer: (E) Africa and Asia
22. In recent years, a significant intraregional migration has occurred from Afghanistan to... (A) India (B) the United States (C) Australia (D) Southeast Asia (E) Pakistan
Answer: (E) Pakistan
4. According to the demographic transition theory, at which stages in a country's development is population most likely to increase? (A) Stages 1 and 2 (B) Stages 3 and 4 (C) Stages 2 and 4 (D) Stages 1 and 4 (E) Stages 2 and 3
Answer: (E) Stages 2 and 3
17. In recent years, death rates in developing countries have... (A) stayed about the same (B) decreased slightly (C) increased slightly (D) increased significantly (E) decreased significantly
Answer: (E) decreased significantly
13. Population density is most often represented by... (A) population pyramids (B) circle graphs (C) contour maps (D) toponyms (E) dot maps
Answer: (E) dot maps
23. The areas in central, western, and eastern Africa have experienced significant... (A) in-migration (B) population increases (C) decreases in demographic momentum (D) internal migration (E) out-migration
Answer: (E) out-migration
16. By the early 21st century, crude birth rates were highest in... (A) Asia, Latin America, and Africa (B) Asia, Europe, and Africa (C) Europe, North America, and Latin America (D) North America, Africa, and Asia (E) Latin America, North America, and Asia
Answer: (A) Asia, Latin America, and Africa
15. Which of the following was predicted by Thomas Malthus in the late 18th century? (A) Population growth in the future would be checked by famine, disease, and wars. (B) Population growth in the future would have no checks to slow it down. (C) Population growth in the future would be checked by industrial development. (D) Population growth in the future would be supported by increasing food supplies. (E) Population growth in Europe would be checked by increased colonization and immigration.
Answer: (A) Population growth in the future would be checked by famine, disease, and wars.
1. The country represented by a triangle population pyramid is most likely characterized by... (A) adequate health care for the elderly. (B) readily available birth control. (C) high death rates for women in childbirth. (D) persistent warfare. (E) low rates of heart disease and cancer.
Answer: (C) high death rates for women in childbirth.