adaptive sports exam 1
Dr. Ludwig Guttman
"Father of the paralympics"
IPC has established 6 disability categories
1. amputee 2. CP 3. wheelchair 4. Visually impaired 5. intellectual 6. Les Autres- physical disability that does not fall strictly under one of the other 5 categories
qualifications for DO athletes
1. deaf, hearing loss of at least 55 dB per tone avg. in the better ear. 2. members of an affiliated national deaf sports federation and citizens of that country. 3. no age limit. but age restrictions may apply. 4. audiogram form must be sent to National deaf sport federation
Winter games held since
1949
Camp shriver
1962, summer camp held. in the Shriver's backyard for 50. campers. precursor. to. the so
SO founded in
1968 by Eunice Kennedy Shriver with the Joseph P. Kennedy Jr foundation
summer games DO
21 sports
PG summer games
22 events
Summer SO games
29 events
how many SO athletes ages 8+ and from more than 170 countries
3.7 million
Paralympic winter games
5 events
DO winter games
5 sports
How many people have a disability?
56.7 million 2/3 have a severe disability nearly 1/5 ppl in U.S. have a disability
1924
9 countries participated in the first international silent games in Paris, France.
Anne Marie
A physical education teacher in Chicago, came up with the idea for the SO and went to Shriver to help with the Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Foundation.
Timothy Shriver
CEO of the SO
1922
CISS The International Committee of sports for the deaf founded
1968 first special olympics held in
Chicago, Illinois
1986
Dwarf athletic association of America founded
96 member countries organized in 4 regional confederations:
Europe, Asia-Pacific, Pan-America and Africa.
Lakeshore foundation
Facility for recreation, rehabilitation, and athletics.
Deaflympics 1924
First ever international sporting event for athletes with a disability.
Dr. Ludwig Guttman
Founded the National Spinal injuries centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in Buckinghamshire, England in 1944. created the Stoke Mandeville Games (Paralympics) in 1948 for British WWII veterans
1989
IPC founded
2011 DO winter games
In Slovakia, was cancelled
Eugéne Rubens-Alcais (DO)
Influential in starting the DO
IPC
International Paralympic committee
2015 DO Winter games
Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia
Rehab act of 1973
Laid ground work for the ADA. the rehab act only covered the public sector, but the ADA covered ALL areas.
2015 most recent SoG
Los Angles California
Classification systems of Paralympics
Medical and functional
Rome 1960
Olympic style games for athletes with a disability were organized for the first time here, now called the Paralympics.
Paralympic games
Para means equal to. they are equivalent to the Olympic gamed for athletes with. disabilities or visual impairments.
Eugéne Rubens-Alcais
President of the French Deaf Sports Federation Founded the Ddeaflympics in 1924
most recent winter PG
PyeongChang, South Korea
2016 Summer games PG
Rio de Janerio, Brazil.
IOC and IPC
Sign agreement that the SO will always happen shortly after and at the same venue at the OG
2020 summer PG
Tokyo, Japan
1976
US Association of blind athletes was founded.
1978
US cerebral palsy athletic association founded
mixed loss
a combination of conductive and sensorineural losses.
dictionary defines disability
a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities.
participation restriction
a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations
Practical skills
activities of daily living
Special olympics
an international sport training and competition program for people with INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES ages 8 and up
According to the WHO (world health organization) disability is defined as
an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions.
American Association of intellectual and developmental disabilities (AAID) defines intellectual disability
as a disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social and practical skills. Disability originates before the age of 18.
No DO in year 1939-1949
bc of WWII
Young athletes program (YAP)
children ages 2-7 can participate in this. designed for rents to play with their young athletes at home and in schools etc.
limitations in adaptive behavior characterized as:
conceptual, social and practical skills
Per Ludos Aequalitas
equality through sports
Americans with disabilities act of 1990
extended civil rights protection for individuals with disabilities to all areas of American life.
1968
first Special olympics
winter PG 1976
first games held in Ornskoldsvik, Sweden
Deaflympics
first international sport for people with disabilities. International silent games held in Paris France in 1924
1960 SUmmer paralympic games
first official PG held in Rome, Italy
Ohio School for deaf
first school to offer baseball to students with hearing impairments.
James Shepherd
founded Shepherd center. He incurred a spinal cord injury in 1972. Located in ATL. IS a hospital serving individuals with temporary or permanent disability caused by injury or disease. Founding sponsor of the 1996 Atlanta Paralympic games.
Disabled sports USA
founded by a group of Vietnam veterans
Ben Lipton
founded the national wheelchair athletic association
Robert Sargent Shriver
founded the peace corps
Rubens-Alcais
founder of the french deaf sports federation and was the 1st president. Was a mechanic and competitive cyclist.
Eunice Kennedy Shriver and Anne Marie McGlone Burke
founders of the SO.
Sir Ludwig Guttman
german neurologist "father of paralympics" 1944- founded the national spinal injuries centre at stoke mandell hospital in Buckinghamshire england. 1948- organized athletic competition for WWII veterans. 1952- the Stoke mandell games become an international competition.
rehabilitation act of 1973
ground breaking law that extended more opportunities for employment and education, but this only protected someone from the public sector. People with disabilities were still discriminated by the private sector.
2022 WPG
held in Beijing, China
2017 DO summer games
held in Samsun Turkey.
first special olympics
help in Chicago Illinois
Shepherd center
hospital with many of the same type activities as lakeshore
Functional classification
identify how an athlete performs specific sport skills. combines medical information with the performance info to evaluate an athletes sport-specific skills and medical condition required in an event. Function is primary, medical is secondary
Lakeshore foundation
in 2001, official paralympic and olympic training site. Birmingham, AL. Covers: Aquatics, Fitness, competitive athletics and general recreation.
first Winter games DO 1949
in Seefeld, Austria, w/ 33 athletes from 5 countries.
IQ test of 70 or 75
indicates a limitation in intellectual functioning
LIMA FOXTROT
initiated in response to the significant numbers of injuries from conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. one of this country's premier, comprehensive, year round, sport, fitness and recreation programs for severely injured members of armed forces.
IPC added:
intellectual disabiilities as a category, but iit is primarily for athletes with Physiical disabilities. the intelectual disabilities includes only elite athletes who qualify for certain events.
ICSD
international Committee of sports for the deaf. headquarters are in Frederick, Maryland.
social skills
interpersonal skills
activity limitation
is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action
impairment
is a problem in body function or structure
Conceptual skills
language and literacy, money, time and # of concepts and self-directon
Sensorineural hearing loss
occurs when there is damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or to the nerve pathways from the inner ear (retrocochlear) to the brain
1948 Sir Ludwig Guttman
organized a Competition involving veterans with a spinal cord injury. Called the Stoke Mandell games. 4 years later, Athletes from the Netherlands joined the games and created the first International games.
the university of Illinois
organized the first national wheelchair basketball tournament.
ADA defines disability
physical or mental. impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities of an individual.
hard of hearing
refers to a hearing loss that makes understanding speech through the ear alone difficult but not impossible.
deaf
refers to a severe or profound hearing loss in which hearing is insufficient for comprehension of auditory info. with or without the use of a hearing aid.
Rehabilitation act of 1973
section 504 of this act was designed to prevent discrimination against and provide equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities in programs or activities receiving federal financial assistance.
2011 Winter games scandal DO
sole organizer, Jaromir Ruda, embezzeled approximately $11 million intended for the Slovakia games. Cancelled a week before the opening ceremonies. Mr. Ruda, arrested and serving 13 years in prison.
conductive loss
sound is not transmitted well to the inner ear. Similar to a radio with the volume on low.
person first language
speak of the person and then their disability. The children with special needs.
Stoke Mandeville Hospital (England)
sponsored the first recognized games for wheelchair athletes
Shepherd center
sponsors many wheelchair sports teams. Official sponsor of the Wheelchair division of the Peachtree road race since 1984.
adaptive sports
sport modified or created to meet the needs of individuals with disabilities.
1945
the American athletic association of the deaf (AAAD) now known as the USA Deaf Sports Federation
IPC founded in 1989
the global governing body of the paralympic mvmnt. Organizes the summer and winter games every 4 years. governs 26 sports
1982
the international coordinating committee for sports for the disabled on the world (ICC)
IDEA (individuals with Disabilities Education Act) 1975, 1990, 2004
these acts and their amendments are designed to ensure that all children with disabilities are provided a free appropriate public education that emphasizes special education (including physical education) and related services designed to meet their unique needs.
Amateur Sports act of 1978 Ted Stevens Olympic and Amateur sports act 1998
these acts coordinate national efforts concerning amateur activity, including activity associated with the olympic games. as a result of this legislation, US Olympic committee took over the role and responsibilities of the U.S. Paralympic Committee.
Medical classification
verifies minimum disability and is not concerned with the functional ability of the athlete. Level of visual impairment etc. used by the paralympics untl 1980's
1984
•International Olympic Committee recognized the term "Paralympics" and retroactively assigned name to Stoke Mandeville Games.
