Adult, Child, and Baby First Aid, CPR, and AED

The call step involves calling 911 or telling someone to do so, and what else? a) Getting the AED, a first aid kit, and a bleeding control kit (if necessary) or telling someone to do so b) Calling the person's next of kin or telling someone to do so c) Calling the person's healthcare provider or telling someone to do so d) Getting water and food for the person or telling someone to do so

a) Getting the AED, a first aid kit, and a bleeding control kit (if necessary) or telling someone to do so

When giving chest thrusts to an infant, how deep should you press? a) About 1.5 inches b) At least 2 inches c) About 2 inches d) At least 3 inches

a) About 1.5 inches

You are giving CPR to a 14-year-old in cardiac arrest. You know to follow techniques and use the equipment for which of the following age groups? a) Adult b) Child c) Infant

a) Adult

What is important to do between giving the first and second breath? a) Allow the chest to fall and the air to exit b) Check for breathing by scanning for chest movement c) Check for a foreign object by looking in the person's mouth d) Count to 10 between each breath

a) Allow the chest to fall and the air to exit

What should you do if a choking person is coughing forcefully? a) Encourage them to keep coughing b) Give back blows c) Give abdominal thrusts d) Call 911

a) Encourage them to keep coughing

You have just given a shock to a person in cardiac arrest. Before starting CPR, you should check to see if the person is breathing. a) True b) False

a) False

When giving back blows and abdominal thrusts to a small child, you may need to do which of the following? a) Kneel behind the child b) Have the child stand on a step stool c) Have the child sit in a chair d) Lay the child down flat and give CPR

a) Kneel behind the child

When giving breaths to an infant with a face shield, you should cover which body parts of the infant with your mouth? a) Nose and mouth b) Mouth only c) Nose and chin d) Nose only

a) Nose and mouth

What are you legally required to do before you touch a person when responding to an emergency? a) Obtain consent b) Tell the person what you are doing c) Call the person's next of kin d) Call 911

a) Obtain consent

When giving chest compressions, the goal is to do which of the following? a) Push hard and fast b) Push flow and stead c) Push soft and deep d) Push hard and slow

a) Push hard and fast

Which of the following is most likely to cause a person to choke? a) Small toy b) Ice cream c) Apple sauce d) Toothpaste

a) Small toy

An unresponsive person who is breathing but not fully awake should be placed in a recovery position for which of the following reasons? a) To lower their risk for choking and aspiration b) To lower their risk for headaches c) To lower their risk for heart attack d) To lower their risk for life-threatening bleeding

a) To lower their risk for choking and aspiration

A child is defined as someone from the age of 1 to the onset of puberty, as evidenced by breast development in girls and underarm hair development in boys (usually around the age of 12). a) True b) False

a) True

A recovery position lowers a person's risk for choking and aspiration. a) True b) False

a) True

Back blows, abdominal thrusts, and chest thrusts are all equally effective. a) True b) False

a) True

Chest compression depth for a child should be about 2 inches. a) True b) False

a) True

Chest compression depth for an infant should be about 1.5 inches. a) True b) False

a) True

EMS professionals and healthcare providers are prepared to provide the best medical care but are not the first to respond. You are. a) True b) False

a) True

Each CPR cycle consists of 30 chest compressions and two breaths. a) True b) False

a) True

For a smaller child, you may use one hand to give compression if you can compress deep enough. a) True b) False

a) True

If PPE is not available, do not wait until you have PPE to take action. a) True b) False

a) True

If the person who appears unresponsive is face-down, check for responsiveness, call 9-1-1 or tell someone to do so, and then roll the person onto their back to check for breathing. a) True b) False

a) True

Pediatric AED pads should never be used on anyone over eight years of age or weighing more than 55 pounds. a) True b) False

a) True

Shock is a common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants. a) True b) False

a) True

Use the AED as soon as possible, but do not delay compressions to find or use the AED. a) True b) False

a) True

When giving CPR to a person and waiting for EMS personnel to arrive, a bystander tells you to stop, saying, "It is no use, and that looks hard." You continue because you know that is not a reason to stop CPR. a) True b) False

a) True

When giving compressions to infants, ensure that they are on their backs on a firm, flat surfaces such as the ground or a stable tabletop. If they are in a stroller or on a soft surface, carefully move them to a firm, flat surface. a) True b) False

a) True

When opening the infant's airway, do not tilt their head back too far; overextending their airway can block it. a) True b) False

a) True

You are using an AED on an older adult in cardiac arrest. They are wearing a sweatshirt. You must remove the sweatshirt before placing the pads on the chest. a) True b) False

a) True

You should always refer to the manufacturer's instructions when using an AED. a) True b) False

a) True

What is your risk of getting infected with a disease while giving first aid care? a) Medium risk b) Low risk c) High risk d) No risk

b) Low risk

Before giving breaths to the infant, you should open their airway using the head-tilt or chin-lift technique to which position? a) Slightly past-neutral b) Neutral c) Past-neutral d) Significantly past-neutral

b) Neutral

Is it reasonable to cover the infant's face when holding the infant in a position to give back blows? a) Yes b) No

b) No

You have a first aid kit and are about to give care to a coworker who is unresponsive and not breathing. After calling 911 and getting equipment, what should you do before giving care, if possible? a) Put on a gown b) Put on latex-free disposable gloves c) Put on eye protection d) Put on a mask

b) Put on latex-free disposable gloves

A 7-year-old was pulled from a pool by someone trained to do this and is unresponsive and not breathing. In this case, you would follow . . . techniques when giving care. a) adult b) child c) infant

b) child

Open the airway of a child to . . . . Then give breaths that last about 1 second and make the chest begin to rise. a) past neutral position b) slightly past the neutral position c) neutral position d) None of the above

b) slightly past the neutral position

When giving high-quality CPR, you should give compressions at a rate of which of the following per minute? a) 200 to 220 b) 140 to 160 c) 100 to 120 d) 130 to 150

c) 100 to 120

Washing your hands with soap and warm or cold water for at least . . . seconds is the best approach to lowering your risk for infection. a) 10 b) 15 c) 20 d) 5

c) 20

When giving high-quality CPR, you should minimize necessary interruptions in chest compressions to less than how many seconds? a) 25 b) 15 c) 20 d) 10

d) 10

If soap and water are unavailable, you can use which of the following instead to lower your risk for infection? a) Baby wipe b) Sunscreen c) Hand lotion d) Alcohol-based hand sanitizer

d) Alcohol-based hand sanitizer

Cardiac arrest may occur due to the following effects: a) Drowning b) Breathing emergencies c) Trauma d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Which of the following is a general care step for sudden illnesses? a) Keeping the person from getting cold or overheated b) Monitoring the person c) Positioning the person as appropriate d) All of the above

d) All of the above

If the chest does not rise on the first breath, and you reopen the airway and give a second breath, and the chest still does not rise, what might be the reason? a) The person may be breathing shallowly on their own b) It may be too difficult to see the chest rise through their clothing c) The person might have stiff lungs that do not expand d) An object might be blocking the airway

d) An object might be blocking the airway

If your check of the person reveals they are unresponsive and not breathing, what should you do first? a) Ask bystanders what happened and if they know the person b) Start CPR by giving chest compressions and breaths c) Monitor the person until EMS personnel arrive and begin their care of the person d) Call 911 and get the AED and first aid kit, or tell someone to do so

d) Call 911 and get the AED and first aid kit, or tell someone to do so

What are the general standards for the one-hand CPR technique?

1. Only use with a small child 2. Only use if you can compress deep enough 3. Use one hand instead of two 4. Place the heel of one hand in the center of the chest 5. Compress the center of the chest about 2 inches

What are the general steps to using an AED?

1. Turn on AED 2. Remove clothing covering the chest and wipe the chest dry if necessary 3. Place pads correctly 4. Plug the pad connector cable into the AED if necessary 5. Clear everyone from touching the person while AED analyzes the heart rhythm. 6. Clear everyone from touching the person if a shock is advised. 7. Push the shock button to deliver a shock. 8. After the shock is delivered, start CPR immediately with compressions.

You are placing AED pads on a person in cardiac arrest. What is the correct placement for the pads? a) Upper right side of the chest and lower left side of the chest, a few inches below the left armpit b) Upper left side of the chest and the lower right side of the chest, a few inches below the right armpit c) Upper left side of the chest and upper right side of the chest d) Upper center of the chest and lower center of the chest

a) Upper right side of the chest and lower left side of the chest, a few inches below the left armpit

How can you lower your risk for infection when giving breaths? a) Use a breathing barrier b) Use a baby wipe c) Use eye protection d) Use no special equipment

a) Use a breathing barrier

Is it safe to use an AED on pregnant women? a) Yes b) No

a) Yes

A 16-year-old is unresponsive and not breathing after having an asthma attack. In this case, you would follow . . . techniques when giving care. a) adult b) child c) infant

a) adult

When giving breaths during high-quality CPR, each breath should last about 1 second and make the chest . . . . a) begin to rise b) to fully rise c) to stay flat d) compress

a) begin to rise

A recovery position is used if the person is . . . . a) unresponsive but breathing or responsive but not fully awake b) awake and breathing c) awake but not breathing d) unresponsive and not breathing

a) unresponsive but breathing or responsive but not fully awake

When giving high-quality CPR to an adult, you should give compressions at a depth of which of the following? a) About 2 inches b) At least 2 inches c) At least 1.5 inches d) About 1.5 inches

b) At least 2 inches

When giving back blows, where on the choking person's back should the responder give back blows? a) Above the shoulder blades b) Between the shoulder blades c) Below the shoulder blades d) On the lower back

b) Between the shoulder blades

Your coworker fell off a tall ladder and hit their head quite hard. You can see they have a large lump and are bleeding a lot. You suspect a potentially life-threatening injury. You tell them you are trained in first aid and want to help them. They tell you they are fine and it is no big deal. What should you do? a) Insist on helping them and then give care b) Call 911 or tell someone to do so c) Leave them alone since they insist they are OK d) Offer them something to eat or drink

b) Call 911 or tell someone to do so

During an emergency, what should you check first? a) Check the person b) Check the scene for safety c) Check the injury or illness d) Check that someone called 911

b) Check the scene for safety

Once you have recognized that an emergency exists and are taking action, follow the emergency action steps: a) Call-care-check b) Check-call-care c) Care-check-call d) None of the above

b) Check-call-care

During your interview with the person using SAM, they told you that they have much pain in their left arm and that it is throbbing. What should you do next? a) Do a head-to-toe check b) Do a focused check on their left arm c) Wait for EMS to arrive to check the person d) Assume they broker their arm

b) Do a focused check on their left arm

A person can stay in water before using the AED. a) True b) False

b) False

A person in cardiac arrest is not responsive, not breathing (or only has gasping breaths), and has no heartbeat. a) True b) False

b) False

After encouraging the choking person to keep coughing, it is OK to leave them. a) True b) False

b) False

Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops beating or beats too ineffectively to keep blood flowing to the brain and other vital organs. a) True b) False

b) False

If you are exposed to blood or other bodily fluids, do not report the incident to your employer and contact your healthcare provider. a) True b) False

b) False

If you are unable or unwilling to perform full CPR, give continuous breaths at a rate of 10 to 12 per minute. a) True b) False

b) False

It is acceptable for you always to administer the person's medication. a) True b) False

b) False

Sinus infections are a common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants. a) True b) False

b) False

You are using an AED on an 82-year-old woman in cardiac arrest. She is frail and only weighs about 105 pounds, so you should use pediatric AED pads. a) True b) False

b) False

If the responsive choking person becomes unresponsive, what care should you give? a) Give breaths only b) Give CPR (give compressions, look for objects, and give breaths) c) Continue giving back blows and abdominal thrusts d) Give compression-only CPR

b) Give CPR (give compressions, look for objects, and give breaths)

Which of the following would cause you to suspect an emergency? a) Children running, screaming, and laughing in a park b) A toddler throwing a tantrum in a store c) A woman who appears unresponsive on the sidewalk d) A man breathing heavily after finishing a run

c) A woman who appears unresponsive on the sidewalk

What is the best approach to lowering the risk of infection when giving first aid care? a) Use latex-free disposable gloves when giving care b) Use eye protection when giving care c) Always wash your hands as soon as possible after giving care d) Make sure you know the person before giving care

c) Always wash your hands as soon as possible after giving care

Which of the following is a common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants? a) Common cold b) Heart attack c) Breathing emergencies d) Minor bleeding

c) Breathing emergencies

What is the third and final emergency action step? a) Call b) Check c) Care d) Consent

c) Care

You hear a scream and some loud noises from a few feet away in the crowded school playground. As you walk across the playground, you tell yourself to do what first? a) Give care b) Call 911 c) Check the scene for safety d) Check the person

c) Check the scene for safety

When you check a responsive person who does not have a life-threatening emergency, what should you do after asking them questions about their signs and symptoms, allergies and medications, or medical conditions? a) Do a focused check b) Put them in a recovery position c) Check their heart rate d) Begin CPR and use an AED

c) Do a focused check

When giving abdominal thrusts, where should the responder place their hands on the choking person's abdomen? a) Upper chest just slightly below the collarbone b) Center of chest just below the nipple line c) Just above the naval d) Lower abdomen below the naval

c) Just above the naval

What is your risk of catching a disease when giving first aid care? a) High risk b) Medium risk c) Low risk d) No risk

c) Low risk

You are working a shift at the local farmer's market when you recognize that a 10-year-old shopping with their parent is choking. You check the scene for safety and approach the child. What do you need to do at this point? a) Obtain consent from the child because they are older than eight years b) Nothing (consent is implied because the person is a minor) c) Obtain consent from the parent (who is present) because the person is a minor d) Obtain consent from your boss because of workplace liability issues

c) Obtain consent from the parent (who is present) because the person is a minor

You are giving CPR to an 8-year-old in cardiac arrest. A child is considered from the age of 1 year to which of the following? a) Adulthood b) 7 years old c) Onset of puberty d) 17 years old

c) Onset of puberty

Before giving breaths to the adult, you should open their airway using the head-tilt or chin-lift technique to which position? a) Slightly past-neutral b) Neutral c) Past-neutral d) Significantly past-neutral

c) Past-neutral

A first aid responder should ask questions using . . . and do a focused check in order to determine the care the person may need. a) WTF b) LOL c) SAM d) CCC

c) SAM

An 11-month-old is unresponsive and not breathing after going into shock. In this case, you would follow . . . techniques when giving care. a) adult b) child c) infant

c) infant

You are working in a senior center when you hear a thud, and someone yells out that a man has collapsed. The scene is safe, but the man appears unresponsive. What should you do next? a) Interview bystanders using SAM (i.e., signs and symptoms, allergies, and medications and medical problems) b) Complete a focused check of the person by checking from head to toe c) Assume the person is not responsive and give care by starting CPR d) Check for responsiveness by using the shout-tap-shout sequence while checking for breathing, life-threatening bleeding, and other life-threatening conditions

d) Check for responsiveness by using the shout-tap-shout sequence while checking for breathing, life-threatening bleeding, and other life-threatening conditions

When drowning is the suspected cause of cardiac arrest, what should the responder do first? a) Give two abdominal thrusts b) Give 30 compressions c) Give five back slaps d) Give two breaths

d) Give two breaths

You are giving CPR to a 5-month-old in cardiac arrest. You know to follow techniques and use the equipment for which of the following age groups? a) Adult b) Child c) Toddler d) Infant

d) Infant

If you see an object in the infant's mouth, which finger(s) should you use to do a finger sweep? a) Thumb b) Index finger c) Index and middle fingers d) Pinky finger

d) Pinky finger

When asking someone to call 911 for you in an emergency, what communication techniques or instructions should you use? a) Look directly at the person b) Say, "You, call 911." c) Yell directions to call 911 to someone in the crowd d) Say, "Do not come back until EMS arrives." e) A and B

e) A and B

When giving CPR to an infant, what techniques may be used for chest compressions? a) Triangular hands tehcnique b) Two-hands technique c) Encirlcing thumbs technique d) One-hand technique e) C and D

e) C and D

What are some things to remember about wearing gloves when giving first aid care? a) Avoid touching other surfaces b) Wash your hands after taking off your gloves c) Wearing gloves increases your risk of transmitting an infection d) You do not need to wear gloves when caring for a child e) All of the above f) A and B

f) A and B

When should the responders switch if more than one responder is available and trained in CPR? a) When the original responder is tired b) After every three cycles of CPR c) After every five cycles of CPR d) About every 2 minutes e) After every ten cycles of CPR f) A and D

f) A and D

Why is it essential for you, the first aid responder, to ask questions using SAM and do a focused check of the responsive person? a) It can help you to determine what care they may need. b) As time passes, the person may be less able to say things. c) You may be able to gather the information that others may not be able to gather later. d) It will allow you to test whether the person can answer simple questions. e) All of the above f) A, B, and C

f) A, B, and C

The risk of infection when giving first aid care is low—using what reduces your risk even further? a) Latex-free disposable gloves b) Watch c) Face shield d) Pocket mask e) Sunglasses f) A, C, and D

f) A, C, and D

You should give chest thrusts in which of the following situations? a) The person is in a wheelchair, and you are unable to give abdominal thrusts b) The person is on crutches c) The person is too large for you to stand behind and reach around d) The person has a chronic illness e) The person is pregnant f) A, C, and E

f) A, C, and E

What are the components of high-quality CPR? a) A compression rate of 100 to 120 per minute b) A compression depth of at least 2 inches c) The chest position returns to normal between compressions d) Chest compression interruptions are minimized to less than 10 seconds e) Breaths last about 1 second and are strong enough for the chest to begin to rise f) All of the above

f) All of the above

Which of the following are examples of sudden life-threatening illnesses? a) Diabetic emergency b) Anaphylaxis c) Sinus infection d) Migraine e) Sore throat f) All of the above g) A and B

g) A and B

Which would lead you to suspect a person is in cardiac arrest? a) Headache b) Unresponsive c) Chest pain d) Not breathing or only gasping e) Trouble breathing f) Dizziness g) B and D

g) B and D

Cardiac arrest is often due to a blockage of the blood vessels supplying oxygen to the heart muscle (heart attack). However, it can also occur due to the effects of which of the following? a) Common cold b) Drowning c) Ear infection d) Headache e) Breathing emergency f) All of the above g) B and E

g) B and E

Which of the following could be considered signs of an emergency? a) Lough laughter b) Noxious smell c) Person who is clutching their throat d) Loud music e) Crying f) All of the above g) B, C, and E

g) B, C, and E

You got your consent and are checking a responsive person. You know you need to interview them first using SAM. What does SAM stand for? a) Allergies b) Meningitis c) Abdominal pain d) Signs and symptoms e) Medications and medical conditions f) Seizures g) None of the above h) A, D, and E

h) A, D, and E

Signs that indicate a person is choking may include which of the following? a) The person is holding their stomach b) The person looks surprised c) The person is making high-pitched squeaking noises d) The person is sneezing e) The person is coughing f) All of the above g) A, B, and D h) B, C, and E

h) B, C, and E