adult health CH 50 and 51 review
Sixty to eighty percent of pancreatic tumors occur in the head of the pancreas. Tumors in this region obstruct the common bile duct. Which of the following clinical manifestations would indicate a common bile duct obstruction associated with a tumor in the head of the pancreas? Choose all that apply.
* jaundice * dark urine * clay-colored stools
A client with diabetic ketoacidosis has been brought into the ED. Which intervention is not a goal in the initial medical treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis?
Administer glucose
The nurse is caring for a client with a biliary disorder who has an elevated amylase level. If this elevation correlates to dysfunction, which body process does the nurse recognize may be impaired?
Carbohydrate digestion
A very ill client with acute cholecystitis is scheduled for surgery. The surgeon plans to create an incision in the common bile duct to remove stones. The nurse correctly documents this surgery in the electronic medical record using which term?
Choledochostomy
A nurse educator been invited to local seniors center to discuss health-maintaining strategies for older adults. The nurse addresses the subject of diabetes mellitus, its symptoms, and consequences. What should the educator teach the participants about type 1 diabetes?
The participants are unlikely to develop a new onset of type 1 diabetes
A client is admitted to the health care center with severe abdominal pain rated 10 on a 1-to-10 scale, tachycardia, hypertension, and muscle spasms. The nurse immediately administers morphine sulfate 4 mg slow intravenous pyelogram (IVP), as ordered. The nurse plans for which goal after administration of this mediation?
To increase the pt's pain threshold
Which factor is the focus of nutrition intervention for clients with type 2 diabetes?
weight loss
The nurse cares for a client with gallstones that need to be removed but is not a surgical candidate or endoscopic candidate. What procedure does the nurse recognize as being a possible treatment option for the client?
ESWL
A nurse manager prepares teaching for staff nurses who care for clients with diabetes. Which statements will the nurse manager include when discussing the differences between the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas? Select all that apply.
-Internal secretion of hormones is the function of the endocrine pancreas -The endocrine pancreas secretes hormones through a ductless gland -The exocrine pancreas secretes hormones from excretory ducts - The exocrine pancreas secretes pancreatic enzymes into the GI tract
What concepts does the nurse understand about gerontologic considerations related to acute pancreatitis? Select all that apply.
-as the client ages, there is an increased mortality rate for acute pancreatitis -as the client ages, there is an increases mortality for the development of multiple organ dysfunction -as the client ages the pattern of complication related to acute pancreatitis changes
A patient is admitted to the hospital with a possible common bile duct obstruction. What clinical manifestations does the nurse understand are indicators of this problem? (Select all that apply.
-clay colored feces -jaundice -pruritus
A nurse cares for a client with a disorder of the endocrine function of the pancreas. Which hormones or enzymes may be impacted by this disorder? Select all that apply.
-insulin -glucagon -Somatostatin
A client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes has an unusual increase in blood glucose from bedtime to morning. The physician suspects the client is experiencing insulin waning. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse expects which change to the client's medication regimen?
Administering a dose of intermediate-acting insulin before the evening meal
Which is the best nursing explanation for the symptom of polyuria in a client with diabetes mellitus?
High sugar pulls fluid into the bloodstream, which results in more urine production
An obese Hispanic client, age 65, is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which statement about diabetes mellitus is true?
diabetes mellitus is more common in Hispanics and Blacks than whites Rationale: DM is more common in Hispanics than in Whites.
For a client with hyperglycemia, which assessment finding best supports a nursing diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume?
increased urine osmolarity Rationale:In hyperglycemia, urine osmolarity (the measurement of dissolved particles in the urine) increases as glucose particles move into the urine.
A nurse cares for a client who is post op open cholecystectomy and has a T-tube in place. Which clinical situation will the nurse notify the health care provider about as a possible complication of the surgery?
significantly reduced bile output from the t-tube
Insulin is a hormone secreted by the Islets of Langerhans and is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and protein. The nurse understands the physiologic importance of gluconeogenesis, which refers to the
synthesis of glucose from noncarboyhrdrate sources
Which of the following is an age-related change that may affect diabetes? Select all that apply.
* decreased renal function' * taste changes * decreased vision
A nurse is preparing a client for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The client asks what this test is used for. Which statements by the nurse explains how ERCP can determine the difference between pancreatitis and other biliary disorders? Select all that apply.
* it can evaluate the presence and location of ductal stone and aid in stone removal * it can assess the anatomy of the pancreas and the pancreatic and biliary ducts * it can detect unhealthy tissues in the pancreas and assess for abscesses and pseudocysts
