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If a patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale score that is less than or equal to ___, he or she should be transported to a trauma center that provides the highest level of trauma care.

13

A "high-risk" automobile crash is one in which there is greater than ____ inches of intrusion at any site in the vehicle.

18

Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 11, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is:

8.

Which of the following injuries would most likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash?

Aortic rupture

A small compact car was involved in a rollover crash. As you are approaching the vehicle, you note that the roof is significantly collapsed. The patient, a 29-year-old male, is complaining of severe pain in his neck and to the top of his head as well as numbness and tingling in his extremities. Witnesses who removed the patient from the vehicle state that he was wearing his seatbelt. What injury mechanism is most likely responsible for this patient's condition?

Compression of the head against the roof

Which of the following would most likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?

Deformed steering wheel

Which of the following findings would be least suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?

Deployment of the air bag

A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is most likely responsible for his back pain?

Energy transmission to the spine

With regard to the three collisions that occur during a motor vehicle crash, which of the following statements regarding the first collision is correct?

It is the most dramatic part of the collision and may make extrication difficult.

Which of the following findings requires transport to a trauma center that provides the highest level of trauma care?

Penetrating injury to the distal femur

By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?

Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.

Which of the following interventions is most critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?

Rapid transport to a trauma center

What types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?

Rotational and rollover

Which of the following statements regarding low-energy penetrating injuries is correct?

The area of injury is usually close to the path the object took through the body.

A 40-year-old female, unrestrained, impacted the steering wheel of her vehicle with her chest when her vehicle hit a tree while traveling at 45 mph. She is conscious and alert, but is experiencing significant chest pain and shortness of breath. Given the mechanism of injury and her present condition, it is least likely that she experienced:

a head injury.

When evaluating the mechanism of injury of a car-versus-pedestrian collision, you should first:

approximate the speed of the vehicle that struck the pedestrian.

A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation with a rival gang member. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control any obvious bleeding, and then:

assess for an exit wound.

When treating a patient who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should:

avoid giving oxygen under positive pressure.

The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as:

cavitation.

Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:

coughing up blood.

When a driver is in a car equipped with an air bag, but is not wearing a seatbelt, he or she will most likely strike the _______ when the air bag deploys upon impact.

door

During your assessment of a patient who experienced a blast injury, you note that he has a depressed area to the front of his skull. This injury most likely occurred:

during the tertiary phase.

Two of the most common mechanisms of injury for blunt trauma are:

falls and motor vehicle collisions.

Patients who fall and land on their _______ may have the least severe injuries.

feet

The cervical spine is most protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:

headrest is appropriately positioned.

Evaluation of the interior of a crashed motor vehicle during extrication will allow the AEMT to:

identify contact points and predict potential injuries.

Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be most concerned with the possibility of:

intracranial bleeding.

A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will most likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she:

is ejected or partially ejected.

The energy contained in a moving object is called:

kinetic energy.

While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be most suspicious that the child has experienced:

neck and facial injuries.

When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that:

osteoporosis can cause a fracture that may have resulted in the fall.

A 30-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the neck when he was attacked outside a nightclub. During your assessment, you should be most alert for:

potential airway compromise.

When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that:

primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked.

When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant:

remains in motion until acted upon by an external force.

When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, it is most important to:

remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you.

If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the AEMT should:

suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma.

According to the Association of Air Medical Services (AAMS), you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if:

traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome.

A sport utility vehicle lost control and struck a utility pole head-on. The driver was killed instantly. The passenger, a young female, is conscious and alert and has several small abrasions and lacerations to her left forearm. Treatment for the passenger should include:

transport to a trauma center.

Force acting over a distance defines the concept of:

work.

The index of suspicion is most accurately defined as:

your concern for potentially serious underlying injuries.