African American History Final Exam Review

How many slaves were freed by John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry?

0

How many times did Harriet Tubman travel back and forth to help other slaves to freedom?

13

The Civil War lasted from:

1861 to 1865

Nat Turner

A black American slave who led the only effective, sustained slave rebellion in US history.

Plessy v. Ferguson

A case decided by the Supreme Court in the 1890s. The Court held that a state could require racial segregation in public facilities if the facilities offered the two races were equal.

Marcus Garvey

A leader in the black nationalist movement. He founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) which was the largest secular organization in African-American history.

W.E.B DuBois

A leading African-American sociologist, writer and activist. He earned fame for the publication of such works as Souls of Black Folk and was a founding officer of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

Nat Turner, a slave from eastern Virginia, became the first African American to actually initiate?

A slave uprising killing 57 whites.

Sharecropping

Agricultural labor arrangement in which landowners supplied seed and equipment to farmers in return for two-thirds of the crop

Jacob Lawrence

An American painter, and the most widely acclaimed African-American artist of the 20th century. He is best known for his Migration Series.

Langston Hughes

An American poet, novelist, and playwright whose African-American themes made him a primary contributor to the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s.

Frederick Douglass

An escaped slave who became a prominent activist, author and public speaker. He became a leader in the abolitionist movement

What was the "Harlem Renaissance?"

An outpouring of literary and artistic work from blacks during the 1920s

The Emancipation Proclamation not only marked the beginning of the end of slavery, but also: called for the immediate colonization of black people outside of the United States.

Authorized the integration of the Union Army

Harriet Tubman

Became famous as a "conductor" on the Underground Railroad during the turbulent 1850s

What was the first opportunity for many black men to participate in politics in the South?

Constitutional conventions during Reconstruction.

On January 1st, 1863 the:

Emancipation Proclamation was issued.

How did Booker T. Washington feel about the NAACP?

He despised the new organization, and worked to get rid of it any way he could. Washington saw Du Bois as being the puppet of white people. He sent in aides and supporters to disrupt meetings, and attack Du Bois publicly.

Where did Stephen Douglas stand on the issue of slavery?

He was for popular sovereignty, and thought masters should be able to bring their slaves anywhere.

Slaves who had escaped through the Underground Railroad often:

Helped other slaves escape by raising money and becoming agents

How did Congress react to repeated southern attempts to stop blacks from exercising political power?

It passed the 15th Amendment.

What was the main purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau?

It was designed to help assist the newly freed slaves in their transition to freedom.

What 1960s Civil Rights leader was influenced by Garvey, and built upon some of his ideas

Malcom X

What was Special Field Order #15?

Military directive setting aside a strip of land along the Atlantic coast for freedman.

Chicago Race Riot 1919

On July 27, 1919, an African-American teenager drowned in Lake Michigan after violating the unofficial segregation of Chicago's beaches and being stoned by a group of white youths. His death, and the police's refusal to arrest the white man whom eyewitnesses identified as causing it, sparked a week of rioting between gangs of black and white.

What was the first concern of many African Americans once they achieved freedom?

Reuniting with lost family members

What were the main issues in the Lincoln-Douglas debates in 1858?

Slavery and race

Philadelphia Female Anti-Slave Society

Society formed in 1833 by black and white women dedicated to ending slavery.

Jim Crow

Term associated with segregated public spaces and amenities.

What did the Supreme Court decide in the Dred Scott v. Sanford case regarding Scott's rights?

That black people (not just slaves) had no rights in American and therefore could not even bring a lawsuit.

How was the 54th Massachusetts different from the South Carolina regiments?

The 54th was composed mainly of free black men, rather than slaves.

Why did the Harlem Renaissance end?

The Great Depression devastated book sales across the county.

The name of the newspaper published by Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison was?

The Liberator

What was the result of the assault on Battery Wagner in July of 1863?

The black soldiers fought impressively, and many in the North realized that black troops were capable of fighting bravely. William H. Carney, who fought in the battle, was the first black man to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor for his efforts. The Confederacy won the battle, and the Union never took Battery Wagner.

Great Migration

The migration of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North between 1910 and 1940.

What did DuBois and Garvey, as well as other black leaders, have in common?

They all had a great interest in Africa, and tried to improve or eliminate colonial rule there.

What did the men of the 54th Massachusetts do to protest race discrimination?

They said they would accept no pay unless it was equal to white men's pay.

Which of the following statements is true about the importance of education to blacks after Reconstruction?

They saw education and freedom as closely linked, and often went to great lengths to form school and attend them.

What methods did the NAACP use to try to gain black civil and political rights?

They worked within the court and legislative system, chipping away at discrimination, racism, and the Plessy v. Ferguson decision.

13th Amendment

This amendment was ratified in 1865 in the aftermath of the Civil War, it abolished slavery in the United States.

14th Amendment

This amendment was ratified in 1868, and granted citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States-including former slaves- and guaranteed all citizens "equal protection of the laws."

Toward the end of 1863, Lincoln's view on the war had changed, and he concluded that:

Victory and the future of the Union were directly tied to slavery.

What was the main issue in the Dred Scott case?

Whether a slave taken into free territory was free.

What role did white Southern think that free blacks played in slave revolts?

White Southerners thought that free blacks were an extremely dangerous element, and responsible for inciting slaves to rebellion.

How was Booker T. Washington's message received by whites?

Whites embraced his non-threating acceptance of white superiority, and many supported him financially.