AGLS Module 1
A person who strives to be part of a team or group is probably high in which catagory of motivation? Security Power Achievement Affiliation
Affiliation
Research at CCL found that compared to managers who derailed in their career, managers who continued to be successful had more: ambition to succeed interpersonal skill formal education technical brilliance
Ambition to succeed
The most important determinant of organizational climate is: Strategy Historical Forces External Environment Leadership
Leadership
What amount of variance in work group climate can be attributed to variance in the day-to-day practices of those who manage the group? At least 50% At least 30% At least 80% Less than 10%
At least 50%
Other than leadership, which of the following has the most impact on organizational climate? History External Environment Organizational Arrangements Strategy
Organizational Arrangements
A person who strives to arouse strong positive or negative emotions in others is probably high in which motivational catagory? Achievement Affiliation Security Power
Power
Which of the five evaluation standards is used to support what is proper, fair, legal, right and just in evaluations?
Propriety
An organizational arrangement that motivates employees primarily through a reward system (think: commissioned salesperson), will have the most impact on which dimension of climate? Recognition Responsibiltiy Structure Support
Recognition
This stories and legends that determine the historical impact on an organizations climate is called what? Office talk History Myths Rumors
WRONG - Rumors Myths
All programs should be designed to fit within a single logic model.
false
An evaluator should be transparent with stakeholders with any and all information uncovered in the evaluation regardless of impact.
false
In building a logic model, it is only appropriate to make to use boxes and arrows in the visual representation.
false
When conducting an evaluation, it is suggested to allow the data to lead the evaluator to the needs of the stakeholders.
false
Stringer began his work in the area of organizational climate during which decade? 1960's 1990's 1980's 1970's
1960
Which of the following is NOT a standard component of a logic model? Inputs Expenses Outputs Assumptions
Expenses
Which of the five evaluation standards is intended to increase evaluation effectiveness and efficiency? Propriety Accountability Accuracy Feasibility Utility
Feasibility
The climate dimesion of Structure is created by which of the following combinations of motivation? High Affiliation, High Achievement High Power, Low Affiliation High Power, High Affiliation Low Power, Low Affiliation
High Power, Low Affiliation
What is considered the most important resource for companies in the information age? Credit Resources Infrastructure Human Capital International relations
Human Capital
The determinant of climate over which we have the most control is ____________. Historical Forces Organzational Arrangement External Environment Leadership
Leadership
Which of the following is true of leadership skills? Leadership skills are something you are born with Leadership skills are required for any leadership position Leadership skills come naturally with experience Leadership skills can be learned
Leadership skills can be learned
Employees' feelings of being their own boss. Recognition Support Responsibility Commitment
Responsibility
Which of the following is the correct interpretation of the SMART acroymn in regards to writing good outcome statements?
Specific, measurable, attainable, result-oriented, timed
The feeling of pressure to improve perfomance and the degree of pride employees have in doing a good job. Structure Recognition Responsibility Standards
Standards
The repetitive, significant events in an organization that reinforce and perpetuate cultural values are ________. Parties Traditions Customs History
Traditions
What term used to describe the process of learning how to make incremental improvements in existing products, services, or processes? exploration extrapolation exploitation innovation
WRONG - innovation extrapolation
What is the best way to describe the essential processes in learning organizations? acquisition of new knowledge by the organization diffusion of new knowledge to people who can use it application of new knowledge by members of the organization acquisition, diffusion, and application of new knowledge
acquisition, diffusion, and application of new knowledge
Which of the following was not recommended for leaders of decision groups? focus the group discussion on the best two solutions encourage members to look for integrative solutions describe the problem without implying the cause or solution allow ample time for systematic evaluation of ideas
describe the problem without implying the cause or solution
Most of the leadership theory and research has described: direct leadership ethical leadership informal leadership toxic leadership
direct leadership
What is the best explanation for so many different definitions of leadership? leadership is a very old topic with centuries of definitions disagreement about what should be included in the definition scholarly nitpicking about trivial issues little opportunity for rigorous scientific analysis
disagreement about what should be included in the definition
What is the recommended way to deal with someone in a key position who continues to resist change and is likely to sabotage it? ignore the resistance and try to work around the person find a qualified replacement who supports the change warn the person to stop resisting the change keep asking the person to support the change
find a qualified replacement who supports the change
Effective managers are least likely to have which of the following traits? emotional maturity high need for affiliation achievement orientation internal locus of control orientation
high need for affiliation
The climate dimesion of Structure is created by which of the following combinations of motivation? High Affiliation, High Achievement High Power, Low Affiliation High Power, High Affiliation Low Power, Low Affiliation
high power, low affiliation
Which statement about institutionalization in organizations is most accurate? it describes how subunits with unique expertise gain power in organizations it facilitates an organization's to adaptation to a changing environment it describes how power is used to enhance or protect that power it demonstrates why political tactics are unnecessary to maintain power
it describes how power is used to enhance or protect that power
Most leadership theories emphasize: leader characteristics follower characteristics both leader and follower characteristics characteristics of the leadership situation
leader characteristics
A theory that describes how changes by top management in the structure and culture of an organization affect the behavior of employees is best described as a: prescriptive theory hierarchical theory multi-level theory complexity theory
multi-level theory
According to McClelland, Motivation can be explained using the formula M x E x I. In this formula, M is: Desire Need Energy Change
need
Effective leaders are least likely to have a high score on which "big five" trait? self confidence conscientiousness openness to experience neuroticism
neuroticism
Logic models do not address the morality of decisions.
true
How many individual questions are assigned to each of the organizational climate dimensions on Stringer's organzational climate survey? 5 4 3 2
4
Which of the five evaluation standards is meant to encourage adequate documentation of evaluations and a meta-evaluative perspective focused on improvement and accountability for evaluation processes and products?
Accountability
Which of the five evaluation standards is intended to increase the dependability and truthfulness of evaluation representations, propositions, and findings, especially those that support interpretations and judgments about quality? Accountability Feasibility Accuracy Utility Propriety
Accuracy
A person who is a calculated risk taker is probably high in which type of motivation? Achievement Security Affiliation Power
Achievement
Management most often can be defined as dealing with __________. Change Complexity Flexibility Transparency
Change
The employees' sense of being well organized and having clear definition of their roles and responsibilities. Responsibility Structure Standards Commitment
Structure
Which climate determinant is the easiest to change? Leadership External Forces Organizational Arrangements Historical Forces
WRONG - Organizational Arrangements Leadership
The employees' sense of pride in belonging to the organization. Structure Recognition Commitment Support
WRONG - Recognition Commitment
A person who seeks to make a unique contribution to the organzation is probably high in which catagory of motivation? Achievement Affiliation Power Security
WRONG - Affiliation Achievement
Which of the following is the proper timeline included on a logic model when conducting an evaluation? Collect Data - Analyze and Interpret - Focus - Report Focus - Collect Data - Analyze and Interpret - Report' Analyze and Interpret - Collect Data - Focus - Report Collect Data - Focus - Analyze and Interpret - Report
WRONG - Collect Data - Focus - Analyze and Interpret - Report
As the pace of change in the external environment increases, what is the corresponding effect on the climate of a high performing organization? Higher Stucture Lower Commitment Higher Commitment Lower Structure
WRONG - Lower commitment
In real-world applications, it is important to ___________ climate. Improve Define Reward Measure
WRONG - Measure Improve
Leadership practices is considered one of the determinants of climate along with which other items? Organizational Arrangements, Strategy, External Enviornment, Company Projections Member Personalities, Strategy, External Enviornment, Historical Forces Organizational Arrangements, Strategy, Economic Flucutations, Historical Forces Organizational Arrangements, Strategy, External Enviornment, Historical Forces
WRONG - Member Personalities, Strategy, External Enviornment, Historical Forces WRONG - Organizational Arrangements, Strategy, Economic Flucutations, Historical Forces Organizational Arrangements, Strategy, External Enviornment, Historical Forces
A person who seeks avoid conflict situation is probably high in which catagory of motivation? Power Affiliation Achievement Security
WRONG - Security WRONG - Affiliation WRONG - Achievement
An organizational structure that is highly organized and bureaucratic (think: government agency), would have the most impact on which dimension of climate? Recognition Standards Responsibility Stucture
WRONG - Standards Structure
Which of the following deteriminants of organziational climate are able to be controlled locally? Strategy Historical Forces External Environment Leadership
WRONG - Strategy leadership
An organizational arrangement that is built on goal setting and achievement (think: construction) would have the most impact on which dimension of climate? Commitment Support Standards Structure
WRONG - Structure Recognition
Climate drives performance because it is directly tied to: Employee Turnover Structure Profits Motivation
WRONG - Structure motivation
What is the most important motive for predicting who will seek leadership positions? power achievement affiliation esteem
WRONG - achievement
Which pattern of traits (from strongest to weakest) is best for managers in organizations? power, affiliation, achievement achievement, power, affiliation power, achievement, affiliation achievement, affiliation, power
WRONG - achievement, affiliation, power achievement, power, affiliation
Definitions of leadership: are usually derived by systematic observation of leaders are only minor variations of the same general description are important for designing and interpreting research are pointless because there is no basis for their verification
WRONG - are only minor variations of the same general description are usually derived by systematic observation of leaders
A theory that identifies the essential behaviors for any type of leader is best classified as: descriptive and universal prescriptive and universal descriptive and situational prescriptive and situational
WRONG - descriptive and situational WRONG - Descriptive and universal
What is the single biggest determinant of the organzation's external environment? Pace of change in the industry Economic conditions Stockholder desires Competition
WRONG - economic conditions Competition
Which of the following is most useful approach for developing a learning organization? encourage employees to become specialists in functional areas encourage systems thinking by all managers in the organization create a reward system that fosters competition among employees use imitation of competitors as the primary basis for innovation
WRONG - encourage employees to become specialists in functional areas
A theory that emphasizes leader traits and skills as determinants of leadership behavior is best categorized at what level? individual dyadic group organizational
WRONG - group
Which is the least accurate statement about the outcomes of leadership actions? immediate and delayed outcomes are usually consistent with each other immediate outcomes are easier to predict than end-result outcomes immediate and delayed outcomes are usually interrelated in complex causal chains end-result outcomes are less useful as criteria of leadership effectiveness
WRONG - immediate outcomes are easier to predict than end-result outcomes
Members are most likely to experience role conflict and divided loyalties: in a cross-functional project team in a self-managed operational team in a traditional work team in a team with a new leader
WRONG - in a self-managed operational team
According to Ed Schein, the impact of historical forces on an organization is _________. Motivation Climate Culture Influence
WRONG - influence culture
Which influence tactic is most likely to result in target commitment? consultation exchange personal appeal ingratiation
WRONG - ingratiation consultation
Which influence tactic is most dependent on the agent's reward power? rational persuasion legitimating exchange apprising
WRONG - legitimating WRONG -consultation WRONG -rational persuasion WRONG - exchange or pressure? Apprising
The measurement of learning is a product of what type of outcome?
WRONG - long-term WRONG - medium term short-term
What level of leadership processes is emphasized in most theories of effective leadership? intra-individual dyadic group organizational
WRONG - organizational
Explaining why a proposed activity would be good for the target person is an example of which tactic? rational persuasion apprising exchange collaboration
WRONG - rational persuation WRONG -collaboration apprising
A successful vision for an organization is most likely to include: specific performance objectives with a clear deadline a memorable slogan about the key value to be achieved a list of tangible benefits that members can expect to receive a vivid image of what can be achieved and why it is worthwhile
WRONG - specific performance objectives with a clear deadline
A strong economy will have which of the following effects on the organizational climate? Commitment will decrease Standards will increase Structure will increase Responsibilty will decrease
WRONG - standards will increase WRONG - structure will increase Commitment will decrease
Explaining why a proposed activity would be good for the target person is an example of which tactic? rational persuasion apprising exchange collaboration
WRONG -collaboration
Which statement about technical skills is most accurate? they are most important for top executives they are most important for middle managers they are most important for lower level managers they are equally important for managers at all levels
WRONG -they are equally important for managers at all levels
What is the best conclusion about the traits of managers? a very intelligent leader will be effective in any situation a leader who is weak on any key trait will not be effective some traits improve the chance of being effective, but their relative importance depends on the situation the trait approach fails to provide useful insights about the reasons for effective leadership
a very intelligent leader will be effective in any situation
A logic model is: A picture of your program or intervention A graphic representation of the "theory of action" - what is invested, what is done, and what results. A core of planning and evaluation All of the above
all of the above
Which process is most likely to occur in an after-activity review? determination of responsibility for errors and mistakes recognition of members for their contributions to the team analysis of what was done well and what needs to be changed selection of the most qualified team leader for the next activity
analysis of what was done well and what needs to be changed
Definitions of leadership: are usually derived by systematic observation of leaders are only minor variations of the same general description are important for designing and interpreting research are pointless because there is no basis for their verification
are important for designing and interpreting research
Which of the following is not an example of resistance to an influence attempt? carry out the request with only the minimum necessary effort delay taking action to see if the agent is serious about the request tell the agent why you are too busy now to carry out the request appeal to a higher authority to rescind or change the request
carry out the request with only the minimum necessary effort
Leadership can most often be defined as dealing with __________. Organization Change Complexity Planning
change
Which is not likely to improve the effectiveness of a self-managed team? let members share in financial gains from improved performance change the membership frequently to give the team fresh ideas provide accurate, timely information relevant to team activities give members training in interpersonal and problem solving skills
change the membership frequently to give the team fresh ideas
Which dimension of climate will be most affected when the economy of the external environment is strong. Responsibilty Commitment Standards Structure
commitment
Which of the following was not presented as a guideline for career planning? seek information about your strengths and weaknesses and learn from feedback display strengths and hide weaknesses to build an image of superior competence take advantage of opportunities to develop relevant skills that are deficient select and empower subordinates who have strengths that complement yours
display strengths and hide weaknesses to build an image of superior competence
Which of the following was not mentioned as a reason for high team performance? high collective efficacy for team members diverse mental models for team members collective identification of members with the team high level of member skills relevant to the task
diverse mental models for team members
Which type of activity is least likely to be delegated to a self-managed team? evaluating each team member's task performance determining strategic objectives and priorities determining the work procedures to be used by the team determining which team member will carry out each task
evaluating each team member's task performance
Organizational climate describes the organization as: measured by management experienced by the members percieved by outsiders observed by the customers
experienced by memebers
Which two kinds of power have been found to be related most strongly to leader effectiveness in motivating subordinates? expert and legitimate power reward and referent power expert and referent power reward and expert power
expert and referent power
Which of the following was not mentioned as a primary determinant of performance for a functional team? how long the current leader has been in that position trust and cooperation among the team members the organization and coordination of activities member agreement about objectives and strategies
how long the current leader has been in that position
A leadership theory that describes relationships among leader traits, behavior, influence processes, outcomes, and situational variables is best classified as: descriptive integrative comprehensive universal
integrative
What is the most common element in definitions of leadership? leadership is an authority relationship leadership is the ability to make good decisions leadership is an attribution made by followers leadership is an influence process
leadership is an influence process
Which statement about leaders and managers is most accurate according to Yukl? managers and leaders are different types of people managing and leading are mutually exclusive and unrelated managing is not important for effective leadership leadership is important for the success of most managers
leadership is important for the success of most managers
What aspect of leadership has been emphasized most often in leadership theories and research during the past half century? leader traits and skills leadership behavior leader power and authority the leadership situation
leadership traits and skills
Logic models are widely used in all of the following areas except:
media and communications
Referent power is most likely to result in which type of influence process? internalization personal identification instrumental compliance collective identification
personal identification
A theory that explains the most effective pattern of leadership behavior in a specified situation is best classified as: descriptive prescriptive universal comprehensive
prescriptive
Which tactic is more likely to be used in a follow-up influence attempt than in an initial influence attempt? ingratiation consultation personal appeal pressure
pressure
Which is most likely to be effective for implementing major change? make followers feel responsible for failure of the old strategy provide opportunities to experience early success in implementing change emphasize the obstacles so followers will not become complacent maintain control over sensitive information about new problems
provide opportunities to experience early success in implementing change
Employees' feeligns of being rewarded for a job well done. Standards Recognition Responsibility Commitment
recognition
Which of the following is least likely to be a reason for resistance by employees to a proposal by top management to change the current strategy? a climate of distrust in the organization a climate of distrust in the organization cynicism about the feasibility of the change resentment of external dependencies
resentment of external dependencies
A logic model is consider the _________ of your project. Critical Control Points Talking points Funding justification Road Map
road map
What is the most useful role for the external leader of a self-managed team? select new members of the group when they are needed mediate internal conflicts and encourage cooperation monitor the group to ensure it does not become a social club serve as a coach, facilitator, and advocate for the group
serve as a coach, facilitator, and advocate for the group
Social perceptiveness and behavioral flexibility are key components of: interpersonal awareness vocational intelligence situational awareness social intelligence
social intelligence
The status and influence accorded an emergent leader depends primarily on: the leader's social popularity among the members the leader's control over rewards desired by group members the leader's seniority among group members the leader's demonstrated competence and loyalty
the leader's demonstrated competence and loyalty
A plan for effective management of the evaluation should be outlined a priori.
true
Evaluation should employ systematic information collection, review, verification and storage methods.
true
Evaluations should fully document their negotiated purposes and implemented designs, procedures, data, and outcomes.
true
Logic models should be created using stakeholder involvement at the beginning of the process.
true
A logic model represents reality.
true? wrong?
Which of the five program evaluation standards is Intended to increase the extent to which program stakeholders find evaluation processes and products valuable in meeting their needs?
utility