AH exam 1 gi
A client is prescribed tetracycline to treat peptic ulcer disease. Which instruction would the nurse give the client? "Take the medication with milk." "Be sure to wear sunscreen while taking this medicine." "You will not experience GI upset while taking this medication." "Do not drive when taking this medication."
"Be sure to wear sunscreen while taking this medicine."
A client is scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). During the client teaching, what will the nurse discuss? "You must remove all jewelry but can wear your wedding ring." "You must be NPO for the day before the examination." "Do you experience any claustrophobia?" "The examination will take only 15 minutes."
"Do you experience any claustrophobia?"
The nurse is teaching a client about peptic ulcers. The client understands the provided education when stating which of the following? "Hemorrhage and gastritis are the most common complications." "Frequent vomiting is a normal sign of peptic ulcers." "My temperature and blood pressure will remain elevated until the ulcer is healed." "I will take over-the-counter antacids for severe abdominal pain."
"Hemorrhage and gastritis are the most common complications."
A client with an H. pylori infection asks why bismuth subsalicylate is prescribed. Which response will the nurse make? "It improves digestion in the stomach." "It aids in the healing of the stomach lining." "It enhances the function of the pyloric sphincter." "It helps propel food from the stomach into the duodenum."
"It aids in the healing of the stomach lining."
A client with peptic ulcer disease asks for pain medication. Which response will the nurse make? "Eating more food will help reduce the pain." "The medications for the ulcer will reduce the pain." "Using pain medication is what caused the ulcer to develop." "I will ask the health care provider to prescribe pain medication."
"The medications for the ulcer will reduce the pain."
A client being treated for a peptic ulcer seeks medical attention for vomiting blood. Which statement indicates to the nurse the reason for the client developing hematemesis? "I think the soda that I drank irritated my stomach." "The pain stopped so I stopped taking the medications." "I felt better but then just got really nauseated and threw up." "I only ate dinner yesterday and it gave me an upset stomach."
"The pain stopped so I stopped taking the medications."
When caring for a client with an acute exacerbation of a peptic ulcer, the nurse finds the client doubled up in bed with severe pain in the right shoulder. What is the initial appropriate action by the nurse? Notify the health care provider. Irrigate the client's NG tube. Place the client in the high-Fowler's position. Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs.
Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs.(potential perf)
The nurse reviews the laboratory values for a patient being evaluated for alcoholic cirrhosis. The nurse is aware that a diagnostic indicator present in greater than 70% of cases is which of the following? Total bilirubin AST/ALT ratio >3.0 Alkaline phosphatase Albumin
AST/ALT ratio >3.0
Which of the following is the primary function of the small intestine? Absorption Digestion Peristalsis Secretion
Absorption
Which term is used to describe a chronic liver disease in which scar tissue surrounds the portal areas? Alcoholic cirrhosis Postnecrotic cirrhosis Biliary cirrhosis Compensated cirrhosis
Alcoholic cirrhosis
The liver performs numerous functions that contribute to homeostasis, including the synthesis of bile. How is bile utilized in the processes of digestion and absorption? Bile is produced in the liver in response to meals that are high in protein. Bile is stored in the gallbladder until it is needed for carbohydrate metabolism. Bile is produced in the liver but released by the gallbladder when needed for digesting fats. Bile production increases when an individual's fat intake is reduced over several days
Bile is produced in the liver but released by the gallbladder when needed for digesting fats.
Which of the following is the most definitive means of assessing for liver disease? Biopsy Paracentesis Cholecystography Ultrasonography
Biopsy
A patient is brought to the emergency department by ambulance. He has hematemesis and alteration in mental status. The patient has tachycardia, cool clammy skin, and hypotension. The patient has a history of alcohol abuse. What would the nurse suspect the patient has? Hemolytic jaundice Hepatic insufficiency Bleeding esophageal varices Portal hypertension
Bleeding esophageal varices
A patient with IBD would be encouraged to increase fluids, use vitamins and iron supplements, and follow a diet designed to reduce inflammation. Select the meal choice that would be recommended for a low-residue diet. A peanut butter sandwich and fruit cup Broiled chicken with low-fiber pasta Salami on whole grain bread and V-8 juice A fruit salad with yogurt
Broiled chicken with low-fiber pasta
A client is having a diagnostic workup for reports of frequent diarrhea, right lower abdominal pain, and weight loss. The nurse is reviewing the results of the barium study and notes the presence of "string sign." What does the nurse understand that this is significant of? Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Irritable bowel syndrome Diverticulitis
Crohn's disease
A client who had a Roux-en-Y bypass procedure for morbid obesity ate a chocolate chip cookie after a meal. After ingestion of the cookie, the client reported cramping pains, dizziness, and palpitation. After having a bowel movement, the symptoms resolved. What should the nurse educate the client about regarding this event? Gastric outlet obstruction Dumping syndrome Bile reflux Celiac disease
Dumping syndrome
A patient comes to the clinic complaining of pain in the epigastric region. The nurse suspects that the patient's pain is related to a peptic ulcer when the patient states the pain is relieved by what? Eating Drinking milk Suppressing emesis Having a bowel movement
Eating
The nurse is caring for a client suspected of having stones that have collected in the common bile duct. What test should the nurse prepare the client for that will locate these stones? Colonoscopy Abdominal x-ray Cholecystectomy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
A health care provider suspects that a client has peptic ulcer disease. With which diagnostic procedure would the nurse most likely prepare to assist? Barium study of the upper gastrointestinal tract Endoscopy Gastric secretion study Stool antigen test
Endoscopy
Which of the following is accurate regarding regional enteritis? Fistulas are common Severe diarrhea Severe bleeding No narrowing of the colon
Fistulas are common
A nurse is applying an ostomy appliance to the ileostomy of a client with ulcerative colitis. Which action is appropriate? Cutting the faceplate opening no more than 2 inches larger than the stoma Gently washing the area surrounding the stoma using a facecloth and mild soap Scrubbing fecal material from the skin surrounding the stoma Maintaining wrinkles in the faceplate so it doesn't irritate the skin
Gently washing the area surrounding the stoma using a facecloth and mild soap
During a home visit the nurse notes that a client recovering from peptic ulcer disease is experiencing cool clammy skin and has a heart rate of 96 beats a minute. Which action will the nurse take? Notify the primary health care provider. Provide a dose of a proton pump inhibitor. Encourage the client to drink a warm beverage. Discuss the types of foods the client has been eating.
Notify the primary health care provider
A client with severe peptic ulcer disease has undergone surgery and is several hours postoperative. During assessment, the nurse notes that the client has developed cool skin, tachycardia, labored breathing, and appears to be confused. Which complication has the client most likely developed? Hemorrhage Penetration Perforation Pyloric obstruction
Hemorrhage
A nurse practitioner prescribes drug therapy for a patient with peptic ulcer disease. Choose the drug that can be used for 4 weeks and has a 90% chance of healing the ulcer. Nizatidine Cimetidine Famotidine Omeprazole
Omeprazole
A client is recovering from an ileostomy that was performed to treat inflammatory bowel disease. During discharge teaching, what would the nurse stress the importance of? Increasing fluid intake to prevent dehydration Wearing an appliance pouch only at bedtime Consuming a low-protein, high-fiber diet Taking only enteric-coated medications
Increasing fluid intake to prevent dehydration
A nurse is assisting during a lumbar puncture. How should the nurse position the client for this procedure? Prone, with the head turned to the right Supine, with the knees raised toward the chest Lateral recumbent, with thighs flexed Lateral, with right leg flexed
Lateral recumbent, with thighs flexed
A 40-year-old woman who had fulminant liver failure received a liver transplant 36 hours ago and is now receiving care in the intensive care unit. Which of the following aspects of nursing care addresses one of the major threats to this patient's health at this time? Maintaining meticulous hand hygiene and infection control Providing total parenteral nutrition (TPN) Monitoring the patient closely for signs of skin breakdown Providing empathic emotional support to the patient and her family
Maintaining meticulous hand hygiene and infection control
A patient asks the home health nurse from what the distressing symptoms of dumping syndrome result. What physiological occurrence should the nurse explain? Irritation of the phrenic nerve due to diaphragmatic pressure Chronic malabsorption of iron and vitamins A and C Reflux of bile into the distal esophagus Osmotic transport of extracellular fluid into the gastrointestinal tract
Osmotic transport of extracellular fluid into the gastrointestinal tract
The nurse is conducting a community education class on gastritis. The nurse includes that chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori is implicated in which disease/condition? Pernicious anemia Systemic infection Peptic ulcers Colostomy
Peptic ulcers
A client with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis is awaiting surgical intervention. The nurse listens to bowel sounds and hears none and observes that the abdomen is rigid and board-like. What complication does the nurse determine may be occurring at this time? Constipation Paralytic ileus Peritonitis Accumulation of gas
Peritonitis
The nurse is teaching a client with peptic ulcer disease who has been prescribed misoprostol. What information from the nurse would be most accurate about misoprostol? Works best when taken on an empty stomach Increases the speed of gastric emptying Prevents ulceration in clients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Decreases mucus production
Prevents ulceration in clients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
A nurse is caring for a client who had an ileal conduit 3 days earlier. The nurse examines the stoma site and determines that she should consult with the ostomy nurse. Which assessment finding indicates the need for further consultation? Beefy red stoma site Stoma site not sensitive to touch Red, sensitive skin around the stoma site Clear mucus mixed with yellow urine drained from the appliance bag
Red, sensitive skin around the stoma site
A client comes to the ED with severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The physician plans to rule out acute pancreatitis. The nurse would expect the diagnosis to be confirmed by an elevated result on which laboratory test? Serum calcium Serum bilirubin Serum amylase Serum potassium
Serum amylase
The nurse is answering questions regarding fecal matter for a client who is scheduled for a colon resection. The client is asking questions regarding the composition of the fecal matter and when it becomes a formed mass. The nurse is most correct to state at which location? Ileum Cecum Sigmoid colon Duodenum
Sigmoid colon
A client taking metronidazole for the treatment of H. pylori states that the medication is causing nausea. What teaching should the nurse provide to the client to alleviate the nausea? Discontinue the use of the medication. Ask the healthcare provider to prescribe another type of antibiotic. Take the medication with meals to decrease the nausea. Crush the medication and put it in applesauce.
Take the medication with meals to decrease the nausea.
The nurse is conducting an abdominal assessment of a patient who is postoperative day 1 following an open cholecystectomy. During auscultation of the patient's abdomen, the nurse has noted that clicks and gurgles are audible approximately every 10 seconds. How should the nurse follow up this assessment finding? The nurse should administer a p.r.n. stool softener. The nurse should contact the patient's care provider. The nurse should assess the patient for paralytic ileus. The nurse should document normoactive bowel sounds.
The nurse should document normoactive bowel sounds.
A patient is scheduled for a diagnostic paracentesis, but when coagulation studies were reviewed, the nurse observed they were abnormal. How does the nurse anticipate the physician will proceed with the paracentesis? The physician will use an ultrasound guided paracentesis The physician will not perform the procedure The physician will proceed with the paracentesis at the bedside The physician will have the nurse administer packed RBCs prior to the paracentesis.
The physician will use an ultrasound guided paracentesis
A nurse is caring for a client who underwent a subtotal gastrectomy. To manage dumping syndrome, the nurse should advise the client to: restrict fluid intake to 1 qt (1,000 ml)/day. drink liquids only with meals. don't drink liquids 2 hours before meals. drink liquids only between meals.
drink liquids only between meals.
The nurse is cautiously assessing a client admitted with peptic ulcer disease. The nurse is aware that which complications occur in 20% to 30% of clients with this diagnosis? hemorrhage or perforation intractable ulcer or pyrosis perforation or mechanical obstruction pyloric obstruction or melena
hemorrhage or perforation
The nurse recognizes that the client diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer will likely experience vomiting. hemorrhage. pain 2 to 3 hours after a meal. weight loss.
pain 2 to 3 hours after a meal.
A client with acute liver failure exhibits confusion, a declining level of consciousness, and slowed respirations. The nurse finds him very difficult to arouse. The diagnostic information which best explains the client's behavior is: elevated liver enzymes and low serum protein level. subnormal serum glucose and elevated serum ammonia levels. subnormal clotting factors and platelet count. elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels and hyperglycemia.
subnormal serum glucose and elevated serum ammonia levels.
A client has undergone a liver biopsy. After the procedure, the nurse should place the client in which position? On the left side Trendelenburg On the right side High Fowler
On the right side
A client has ascites. Which of the following interventions would the nurse prepare to assist with implementing to help the client control this condition? Select all that apply. Instructing the client to remove salty and salted foods from the diet Administering prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone) Assisting with placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Mobilizing the client every 2 hours Taking the client's weight every 3 to 4 days
Instructing the client to remove salty and salted foods from the diet Administering prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone) Assisting with placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
A patient presents to the walk-in clinic complaining of vomiting and burning in his mid-epigastria. The nurse knows that to confirm peptic ulcer disease, the health care provider is likely to order a diagnostic test to detect the presence of what? Infection with Helicobacter pylori Excessive stomach acid secretion Gastric irritation caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Inadequate production of pancreatic enzymes
Infection with Helicobacter pylori
Which medication is used to decrease portal pressure, halting bleeding of esophageal varices? Spironolactone Vasopressin Nitroglycerin Cimetidine
Vasopressin