AH Test Practice Questions Combined

A patient has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes which of the following indicates proper understanding of their diagnosis? a. I will most likely use insulin for the rest of my life b. I will need to avoid anything with sugar to keep my glucose low c. My glucose levels will be higher at night d. I can use oral pills and not insulin shots if I want

a. I will most likely use insulin for the rest of my life

A patient had a viral infection 3 weeks ago and begins to lose feeling in their feet and edema, which phase are they in ? a. acute phase b. plateau phase c. recovery phase d. regrowth phase

a. acute phase

What is the strongest predisposing factor for asthma? a. allergies b. family history c. COPD d. tachycardia

a. allergies

A patient has Guillian- Barre Syndrome and the symptoms begin in the feet and move upward this is an example of? a. ascending b. descending c. pure motor d. pure sensory

a. ascending

What is the difference between a durable power of attorney and the designation of a health care surrogate? a. attorney can make medical and legal decisions b. the surrogate can make medical and legal decisions c. they are the same d. The surrogate writes the living will

a. attorney can make medical and legal decisions

Who is at MOST risk for developing atelectasis? a. smoker b. post-operative c. elderly d. children

b. post- operative

A patient comes into the clinic with pain in their legs you take an ABI and it is 0.82 this indicates? a. diabetic neuropathy b. peripheral artery disease c. normal venous circulation d. chronic venous insufficiency

d. chronic venous insufficiency

When performing a post void bladder scan the reading is 150mL this is indicative of which of the following?

urinary retention

You are administering a beta blocker to a patient which vital sign is essential to check along with BP? a. RR b. HR c. SBP d. Temp

b. HR

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client on the purpose of a vasodilator. which indicates understanding? a. this medication can decrease immune response b. I will take to prevent asthma attacks c. I need to take with food d. this med has a slow onset to treat my symptoms

b. I will take to prevent asthma attacks

When assessing a patient who is suspected to have tinnitus which question is important to ask? a. Do you have allergies? b. Is the sound continuous or intermittent? c. Have your vital signs changed? d. none of the above

b. Is the sound continuous or intermittent?

Your patient has begun IVIG for the Guillian-Barre what should you educate the client about? a. this will cure your disease quickly b. this will shorten your recovery time but may cause flu like symptoms c. Do not consume protein while on this therapy d. Be aware of liver failure

b. this will shorten your recovery time but may cause flu like symptoms

What is the number 1 indicator of fluid volume status? a. serum osmolarity b. weight c. height d. urine specific gravity

b. weight

Colloids are different because they allow fluids too___? a. rehydrate the cells b. freely pass through the plasma membrane c. remain in the intravascular space d. drive toxins out of the blood into the urine

c. remain in the intravascular space

When interpreting an arterial blood gas for a patient with an acute asthma attack what do you expect to see? a. respiratory acidosis b. metabolic acidosis c. respiratory alkalosis d. metabolic alkalosis

c. respiratory alkalosis

When providing education to a client about cataract surgery what is the most significant risk factor? a. emulsification b. eye trauma c. retinal detachment d. blindness

c. retinal detachment

Which of the following is a medical emergency? a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. status asthmaticus d. alveolar expansion

c. status asthmaticus

5. Which statement about Mr. Davis's medications indicates the need for further teaching? A. "I use my albuterol (Proventil) when I am having difficulty breathing." B. "I wait 5 minutes between my inhalation puffs." C. "I will be able to discontinue all of my medications when my asthma is under control." D. "I should not suddenly stop taking the prednisone."

c. I will be able to discontinue all of my medications when my asthma is under control

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with prednisone prescription for asthma. Which of the following client statements indicates understanding? a. I will decrease my fluid intake on this medication b. I will expect black tarry stools c. I will take my med with meals d. I will monitor for weight loss

c. I will take my med with meals

A patient with no significant medical history comes into the clinic with cardiac dysrythmia and upon drawing labs you see a K+ of 7.5 what should you administer? a. dialysis b. kayexalate c. IV dextrose and insulin d. digoxin

c. IV dextrose and insulin

Which of the following patients is at the highest risk for developing Multiple sclerosis? a. an 80 year old woman who lives in Florida b. a 35 year old male with rheumatoid arthritis c. a 30 year old female who lives in Michigan d. a 45 year old male who has had Guillian-Barre

c. a 30 year old female who lives in Michigan

A patient with multiple sclerosis is positive for Uhthoff's sign what education should you provide? a. avoid things that require mental alertness to reduce risk of falls b. medication should be taken daily to avoid exacerbations c. avoid heat and strenuous activities to avoid worsening symptoms d. avoid independent IADLs to ensure that they are done properly

c. avoid heat and strenuous activities to avoid worsening symptoms

A patient with hypermagnesemia is extremely hypotensive, with a cardiac dysrhythmia which of the following should you give to the patient? a. seafood b. IV insulin and dextrose c. calcium gluconate d. loop diuretics

c. calcium gluconate

When talking to the doctor about your respiratory patient he orders a chest x-ray but no other diagnostic measures why is this a concern? a. chest x-rays can never diagnose pneumonia b. there are less invasive diagnostic techniques that should be applied first c. chest x-ray lags 72 hr. from symptoms d. a chest x-ray is the best option to diagnose pneumonia

c. chest x-ray lags 72 hr. from symptoms

Which medication class is used to help decrease inflammation in a patient with chronic bronchitis? a. beta-adrenergic agonist b. anticholinergics c. corticoseroids d. antibiotics

c. corticosteroids

When caring for a patient with HHS which of the following s/s is of most concern? a. polyuria b. elevated HR c. decreased LOC d. vision changes

c. decreased LOC

A patient with unexpected weight gain, edema and hypertension maybe begin on which treatment method? a. increased IV fluids b. hypotonic solution c. diuretics d. blood serum draws

c. diuretics

When preparing a presentation on Meniere's disease you are talking about the triad of symptoms, which of the following is NOT included? a. vertigo b. tinnitus c. dizziness d. hearing loss

c. dizziness

A client comes into the clinic with a mask-like face, shuffling gait, and confusion which neurotransmitter is likely low? a. GABA b. glutamate c. dopamine d. seratonin

c. dopamine

Your patient comes into the clinic complaining of blurry vision and it seems likes holes in their vision, after an ophthalmoscopes exam you see no hemorrhaging you, you expect the diagnosis to be? a. wet macular degeneration b. open angle glaucoma c. dry macular degeneration d. closed angle glaucoma

c. dry macular degeneration

After drawing blood levels the Na+ is 128 which of the following actions is appropriate by the nurse? a. tell the patient to drink a lot of water b. give a 0.25% NS c. give a hypertonic solution d. tell the patient to avoid sodium rich foods

c. give a hypertonic solution

A type 1 diabetic patient comes into the clinic with fruity breath, stupor and kussmal breathing, this is most likely a result of? a. not eating when insulin being given b. giving too much insulin c. high stress or infection d. eating to much sugar

c. high stress or infection

Which of the following is NOT a possible medication to treat multiple sclerosis? a. corticosteroids b. immunosuppressive agents c. hydantoins d. interferon beta 1a

c. hydantoins

Your patient has severe head trauma due to a car accident and needs fluid replacement which fluid should you give? a. hypotonic solution b. hypertonic solution c. isotonic solution d. avoid giving fluids

c. isotonic solution

Which of the following is not included in a DNR? a. No CPR b. NO mechanical intubation c. no dialysis d. no medication to restart the heart

c. no dialysis

You have a patient in HHS what do you expect the arterial blood gas to be? a. pH 7.35 CO2 45 HCo3 30 b. pH 7.28 CO2 38 HCo3 16 c. pH 7.5 CO2 36 HCO3 18 d. pH 7.24 CO2 48 HCo3 21

c. pH 7.5 CO2 36 HCO3 18

A patient's spouse asks why her husbands CPAP machine stops him from snoring you explain? a. it doesn't you just can't hear it over the sound of the machine b. the mouthpiece keeps the mouth open therefore keeping the airway open c. positive pressure keeps the airway open to avoid the obstruction that cause snoring d. it causes the lungs to fully inflate which stops snoring

c. positive pressure keeps the airway open to avoid the obstruction that cause snoring

A patient with a history of GERD comes in with chest pain what do you need to rule out?

cardiac cause

What is the first line therapy for UTI's?

antibiotics

When providing medications to a patient with glaucoma what education should you provide? a. topical medications will reduce pain but not cause the issue to decrease b. although these medications help decrease pressure they may affect your vision c. these drops will cure your disease d. these medications will be administered orally to avoid eye irritation

b.

Your patient has just begun a high dose of laxatives and you notice a ST depression on the ECG, which blood value do you expect? a. K+ 6 b. K+ 3 c. Ca+ 8 d. Ca+ 15

b. K+ 3

What ECG change indicates ventricular hypertrophy? a. ST depression b. depressed T wave c. elevated T wave d. widened QRS complex

b. depressed T wave

A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote thinning of respiratory secretions? a) Encourage use of the incentive spirometer b) Encourage the client to increase fluid intake c) Encourage coughing and deep breathing d) Encourage frequent ambulation

b. encourage the client to increase fluid intake

A nurse is assessing a client with history of asthma, which of the following factors should the nurse identify as risk for asthma? a. sex b. environmental allergies c. alcohol use d. history of diabetes

b. environmental allergies

Which of the following is NOT a lab value of a patient who is hypovolemic? a. urine specific gravity 1.040 b. serum osmolality 200 c. BUN 30 d. urine specific gravity 1.025

b. serum osmolality 200

Which of the following is the only indication to clamp off a catheter?

bladder training

Which of the following is most likely to develop macular degeneration? a. a 53 year old female with a high metabolism b. a 75 year old caucasion male c. a 73 year old obese woman who smokes cigarettes d. a 72 year old male who loves carrots

c.

Which of the following should you give if your patient has shock? a. 1/2 NS b. 2-3% NS c. 0.9% NS d. D510

c. 0.9% NS

Someone who has SIADH has begun to be confused, have fatigue and headache you expect the sodium level to be? a. 138 b. 140 c. 120 d. 150

c. 120

At 9:00 your patient had a BP of 180/120 at 3:00 what should your patient be at to reduce BP at safe rate? a. 140/90 b. 170/110 c. 160/100 d. 130/90

c. 160/100

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of renal calculi. The client is experiencing severe flank pain and nausea; the temperature is 100.6 ° F (38.1 ° C). Which of the following would be a priority outcome for this client?

alleviation of pain

Your patient has just been diagnosed with BPH which of the following medications do you expect the doctor to order?

alpha-adrenergic blockers

What is the most accurate assessment to determine if a client has BPH?

digital rectal exam

A patient comes into the clinic complain of pain during the night, melena and appears well-nourished you suspect ulcers are present in the ___?

duodenum

Which of the following is NOT a method of determining if a patient is positive for H pylori?

fecal occult blood test

A patient is undergoing a procedure of a colectomy due to extreme ulcerative colitis which of the following should be done pre-op?

give an antibiotic to reduce risk of infection

Your patient has peptic ulcer disorder and the vital signs are BP: 90/65 HR: 110 O2: 90% what does this indicate?

hemorrhagic shock

The client is diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Which sign/symptom would the nurse expect the client to exhibit?

joint stiffness

Which of the following parts of a urinalysis will tell you if common bacterial pathogens are present?

nitrite

A nurse is asking a client with atelectasis about how they feel which of the following is NOT expected? a. dyspnea b. excess sputum production c. tachycardia d. nasal swelling

d. nasal swelling

Which of the following statement is TRUE about apnea? a. minimal tidal volume occurs b. no movement of air out but some air in c. collapsed alveoli d. no gas exchange in alveoli

d. no gas exchange in alveoli

Which of the following assessment finding is NOT expected for someone with pneumonia? a. tachypnea b. edema c. colored secretions d. overhydration

d. overhydration

Which of the following is incorrect when administering insulin injections? a. it is given subcutaneously b. give at a 90 angle c. rotate injection sites d. perform on the upper inner arm

d. perform on upper inner arm

During an MRI you notice ___ determining that this patient has MS? a. protein clumps in white matter b. minor masses c. darkened areas d. plaques on white matter

d. plaques on white matter

Clouding of the lens occurs do to a buildup of ___? a. microorganism b. carotin c. lactic acid d. protien

d. protein

What is the FIRST indicator of kidney dysfunction? a. GFR b. BUN c. creatinine d. protienuria

d. protienuria

Which of the following is not a complication of CVI? a. ulcers b. embolism c. DVT d. rash

d. rash

Your 85 year old patient is experiencing difficulty swallowing and decreased salivation before administering a medication who should you call? a. the primary provider b. CNA to watch the patient for the next 20 min c. respiratory therapist d. speech therapist

d. speech therapist

Which of the following is not a risk factor of obstructive sleep apnea? a. atrial fibrillation b. type 2 diabetes c. heart failure d. stroke

d. stroke

When providing fluid replacement for a patient with a sodium of 155 what is an important when administering the fluid? a. to give as quickly as possible to restore the balance b. to mix with dextrose to avoid a drop in blood sugar c. to give a hypertonic solution to avoid pulmonary fibrosis d. to administer slow to avoid cerebral edema

d. to administer slow to avoid cerebral edema

Which of the following is not a method of treating renal stones?

open surgical removal

Which of the following has the highest likelihood of emergent GI hemorrhaging?

peptic ulcer disease

Your patient comes into the clinic with a bleeding ulcer which of the following lab values might you take to determine if they are anemic?

periodic CBC

Your 86 year old female patient has no significant medical history and was just diagnosed with osteoporosis you would determine this is?

primary osteoporosis

When explaining a complication of GERD called Barrett's Esophagus which of the following indicates a need for further teaching?

this is an emergent issue if I have an acute episode of GERD

You suspect your patient has a UTI, you take a culture and sensitivity to determine the type of bacteria present your patient asks how long until you will know, which of the following is the best answer?

this test is sent to microbiology and takes around 48hr

A patient diagnosed with pancolitis is experiencing extreme abdominal distension, pain 10 on 1-10 scale in the abdomen, temperature of 103.6 'F, HR 120, and profuse diarrhea. What complication due you suspect the pain is experiencing?

toxic megacolon

The client is complaining of joint stiffness, especially in the morning. Which diagnostic tests would the nurse expect the HCP to order to R/O OA?

x-ray of affected joints

You are educating to a client with GERD about proton pump inhibitors which of the following demonstrates understanding?

I will take 2 times a day for a better likelihood of improvement

A patient has developed PUD which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching?

I will take ibuprofen if I have minor stomach pain

You are providing education on the corticosteroid (prednisone) for a patient with ulcerative colitis which of the following indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I will take this medication to reduce inflammation

Pneumonia can impacted many parts of your body, which of the following are symptoms of pneumonia? (select all that apply) a. tachycardia b. cough c. fever d. bradypnea e. diminished breath sounds f. bradycardia

a, b, c, e

You are providing post-operative care for a patient who just received cataract surgery which of the following should you educate the client? ( select all that apply) a. lay on back to sleep b. increase fluid intake c. where an eye shield at night d. lay head flat e. avoid stool softeners

a,b,c

Which of the following are common symptoms of MS? (select all that apply) a. fatigue b. double vision c. vomiting d. parestheria e. ataxia

a,b,d

A client is admitted to the emergency department for possible acute pyelonephritis. Which manifestation should the nurse consider to be consistent with this​ disorder? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Flank tenderness B. Diarrhea C. Nocturia D. Urinary frequency E. Vomiting

a,b,d,e

Which of the following are contributing factors to cataracts, select all that apply? a. diabetes b. chronic exposure to UV B light c. female d. alcohol abuse e. low beta carotene

a,b,d,e

A nurse is monitoring a group of clients for increased risk for developing pneumonia. which of the following clients should the nurses expect to be at risk? (select all that applY) a. client with dysphagia b. client with AIDS c. client vaccinated for pneumococcus and influenza 6 months ago d. client who is post op from local anesthesia e. client with closed head injury and is receiving mechanical ventilation f. client with myasthenia gravis

a,b,e, f

Which other electrolytes should you monitor if a patient is hypo magnesium? (select all that apply) a. calcium b. phosphate c. potassium d. sodium e. chlorine

a,c

What are risk factors of Type 2 diabetes? (select all that apply) a. BMI greater than 26 b. HDL <50 c. metabolic syndrome d. triglycerides >25 e. Alzheimer's

a,c,d

Which of the following statement regarding nutrition related to osteoporosis is NOT true?

adding calcium to diet will resolve the osteoporosis

A urinalysis can determine which of the following? (select all that apply) a. specific gravity b. bacteria type c. WBC d. ketones e. protein

a,c,d,e

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking prednisone following an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease. The nurse should recognize which of the following as priority?

Reports having elevated body temperature

Your 82 year old patient complains of feeling like there is fluid stuck in there throat and they are having trouble swallowing what does this put them at a higher risk for? a. cardiac arrest b. emphesema c. pneumonia d. coughing more

c. pneumonia

Which of the following is not one of the 3 P's of diabetes? a. polyuria b. polydipsia c. polytigue d. polyphagia

c. polytigue

During a health history, which statement by a client indicates a risk of renal calculi?

"I'm a vegetarian and eat cheese two or three times each day."

To help heal a venous wound which of the following is the most beneficial? a. heat b. lying still c. compression d. adding a drain

c. compression

When performing an ultrasound you notice a thick "cobblestone" bowel and colon wall this is indicative of?

Crohn's disease

The nurse is preparing to instill medication into a client's nasogastric tube. Which actions should the nurse take before instilling the medications? Select all that apply 1. Check the residual volume 2. Aspirate the stomach contents 3. Turn off the suction to the nasogastric tube 4. Remove the tube and place it in the other nostril 5. Test the stomach contents for a pH of less than 3.5

1,2,3,5

To diagnosis obstructive sleep apnea how many period of apnea per night need to be present?

15 or more

When planning care for a client with ulcerative colitis who is experiencing symptoms, which client care activities can the nurse appropriately delegate to a unlicensed assistant? Select all that apply. 1. Assessing the client's bowel sounds 2. Providing skin care following bowel movements 3. Evaluating the client's response to antidiarrheal medications 4. Maintaining intake and output records 5. Obtaining the client's weight.

2,4,5

Which of the following values indicates decreased kidney function?

BUN 25 mg/dL

Which of the following should be used as a diagnostic tool for osteoporosis and fracture risk?

DEXA scan

When providing education to a client with osteoporosis which of the following indicates a need for further teaching?

I will sit on the couch most of the day to avoid falls

A 36 year old female, who is 29 weeks pregnant, reports she is experiencing burning when voiding. The physician orders a urinalysis. Which statement by the patient demonstrates she understands how to collect the specimen?

First, I will pee a small amount of urine in the toilet and then collect the rest in the cup."

When educating a patient on with Crohn's disease on dietary changes which of the following indicates a need for further teaching?

I will increase my fiber to increase my amount of bowel movements

Which of the following interventions is suggested for a pyloric obstruction?

NG decompression

Your patient has been prescribed Pyridium which of the following indicates an understanding of the teaching?

This is to decrease my pain and frequency of urination

When looking at patients lab findings you notice low iron, which irritable bowel disease do you suspect?

Ulcerative colitis

Which of the following clients is most likely to develop a G/U disorder?

a 86- year male

You are about to administer a PO medication to a patient with Parkinson's who is drooling, and coughing you should? a. call the provider to ask for an alternative route b. perform the Heimlich maneuver to avoid choking c. beginning suctioning to avoid aspiration d. give the medication as prescribed

a. call the provider to ask for an alternative route

Which of the following peripheral vascular diseases typically begins with a break in the skin? a. cellulitis b. necrotizing fasciitis c. DVT d. Raynaud's disease

a. cellulitis

Which of the following tests is used for diagnosing atelectasis? a. chest x-ray b. CT scan c. sputum culture d. MRI

a. chest x-ray

A patient has developed pneumonia immediately after entering the hospital this is called? a. community acquired pneumonia b. hospital acquired pneumonia c. ventilator associated pneumonia d. non acquired pneumonia

a. community acquired pneumonia

You are trying to determine an average glucose level over 8 weeks which diagnosis technique would you use? a. Hemoglobin A1c value b. fasting blood glucose c. 2 hr post prandial d. random blood glucose test

a. hemoglobin A1c value

A positive Chvostek sign indicates a. hypocalcemia b. hypercalcemia c. hypo magnesium d. hyperkalemia

a. hypocalcemia

Select ALL of the following that are complications associated with Crohn's Disease: A. Cobble-stone appearance of GI lining B. Lead-pipe sign C. Toxic megacolon D. Fistula E. Abscess F. Anal Fissure

a,d,e,f

Which of the following are manifestations of Crohn's disease? a. RLQ colicky pain b. epigastric pain radiating to back c. bloody diarrhea d. fever f. painful defecation

a,d,f

While observing your patient which of the following indicates respiratory distress? a. slowed breathing b. wide mouthed breathing c. using intercostal muscles d. lying flat

c. using intercostal muscles

Where is the majority of fluid stored in our body? a. interstitial space b. transcellular space c. plasma compartment d. intracellular space

d. intracellular space

Your patient has a K+ level of 7.5 this is most likely due too? a. loop diuretics b. laxatives c. liver dysfunction d. kidney dysfunction

d. kidney dysfunction

You have a patient in diabetic ketoacidosis what do you expect the arterial blood gas to be? a. pH 6.5 CO2 45 HCo3 30 b. pH 7.28 CO2 38 HCo3 16 c. pH 7.50 CO2 52 HCo3 25 d. pH 7.24 CO2 48 HCo3 21

b. pH 7.28 CO2 38 HCO3 16

When should you take a lipid panel profile? a. 30 min after a meal b. patient fasting c. 2 hr after a meal d. after bowel movement

b. patient fasting

Which electrolyte has a complication of cardiac dysrhythmias? a. sodium b. potassium c. calcium d. magnesium

b. potassium

A physician suspects a patient may have rheumatoid arthritis due to the patient's presenting symptoms. What diagnostic testing can be ordered to help a physician diagnose rheumatoid arthritis? Select all that apply:* A. Rheumatoid factor B. Uric acid level C. Erythrocyte sedimentation D. Dexa-Scan E. X-ray imaging

a,c,e

Your patient has a BP of 128/85 for no known reason this is called? a. hypertensive emergency b. primary hypertension c. hyperstatic urgency d. secondary hypertension

b. primary hypertensiond

Which of the following are indications of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (select all that apply)? a. ketonuria b. proteinuria c. positive anion gap d. glucose of 220 e. dehydration

a,c,e

The physician orders a urine culture on your patient in room 5505 with a urinary tract infection. In addition, the patient is ordered to start IV Bactrim (Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim). How will you proceed with following this order?

First, collect the urine culture, and then hang the antibiotic.

A patient asks what they can do to reduce their risk for GERD you suggest ____? (select all that apply) a. exercise 30 min daily b. eat close to bedtime c. eat smaller meals d. drink 3 glasses of wine daily e. stop smoking f. lie down after meals

a,c,e

You're providing diet teaching to a patient with ulcerative colitis about what types of foods to avoid during a "flare-up". Which foods below should the patient avoid? SELECT-ALL-THAT-APPLY:* A. Ice cream B. White Rice C. Fresh apples and pears D. Popcorn E. Cooked carrots

a,c,d

Your patient is hypovolemic which of the following are early manifestations to be aware of? (select all that apply) a. weight loss b. weight gain c. concentrated urine d. thirst e. edema

a,c,d

A client who has just undergone transurethral resection of the prostate​ (TURP) has developed TURP syndrome. Which finding during the nursing assessment support this​ diagnosis? (Select all that​ apply.) a. Hyponatremia b. increased hematocrit c. Hypertension d. Bradycardia e. stomach pain f. Confusion

a,c,d,f

When administering thiazide to a patient you notice a clouding in their eyes you should ? a. not give the medication this is a sign of toxicity and call the provider b. give the medication this is normal for diuretics c. give the medication along but call the provider after to ask about it d. increase the dose this is a sign of eye pressure build up

a.

You are giving IV solutions to a client in DKA which of the following should you give FIRST?a. 0.9% NS b. potassium chloride c. regular insulin d. magnesium sulfate

a. 0.9% NS

When diagnosing a patient with Guillian-Barre the doctor orders a lumbar puncture which of he following confirms the diagnosis? a. high protein level b. high WBC level c. low protein level d. low WBC level

a. high protein level

A patient begins to act confused, is experiencing muscle cramps, headache and has been vomiting for the past couple days, this is most likely? a. hyponatremia b. hypernatremia c. hypocalcemia d. hypercalcemia

a. hyponatremia

When performing tracheal suctioning you need to be careful to avoid? a. hypovolemia b. hypervolemia c. low urine input d. gagging

a. hypovolemia

For severe Meniere's disease a labyrinthectomy might be considered however this a hard decision because? a. it cause complete hearing loss b. it has a risk for making it worse c. this procedure has a low success rate d. it may cause an ear infection

a. it causes complete hearing loss

Which of the following eye disorders are vascular in nature? a. macular degeneration b. glaucoma c. diabetic retinopathy d. cataracts

a. macular degeneration

Parkinson's disease impacts the a. motor function b. sensory function c. primary function d. cognitive function

a. motor function

A nurse is caring for a client who upon awakening was disoriented, reports chills and chest pain that is worse upon inspiration. Which of the following actions is the nursing priority? a. obtain baseline vitals and O2 sat b. obtain sputum culture c. obtain complete history from client d. provide a pneumococcal vaccine

a. obtain baseline vitals and O2 sat

A patient has elected to have cataract surgery which of the following is the least invasive? a. phacoemulsification b. lens replacement c. lens removal d. extracapsular cataract extraction

a. phacoemulsification

Which of the following is a normal finding in older adult clients? a. presbycusis b. heighten smell c. increased absorption d. dementia

a. presbycusis

Which medication is the first line treatment for hyperlipidemia? a. statins b. fibrates c. cholesterol absorption inhibitors d. fiber supplements

a. statins

Which of the following contributes to the heart's diminished ability to respond to stress in older adults? a. stiffening arteries b. weak veins c. decreased blood pressure d. increased cardiac output

a. stiffening arteries

MRI or CAT scans can help determine which of the following for tinnitus? a. structural damage b. ear wax occlusion c. genetic predispositions

a. structural damage

Which of the following statements is TRUE about CPAP machines? a. they deliver O2 and positive pressure b. they deliver O2 and negative pressure c. they remove CO2 d. they keep the alveoli relaxed

a. they deliver O2 and positive pressure

Which of the following is used to asses the intra ocular pressure? a. tonometry b. gonioscopy c. ophthalmoscopy d. pen light

a. tonometry

A patient has just undergone a TURP procedure which of the following is the MOST important to consistently moniter?

accurate I and O's

Which phase of MS is characterized by steady progression without exacerbations or remissions? a. relapsing remitting b. primary progressive c. acute phase d. progressive relapsing

b. primary progressive

A nurse is reviewing the lab data of a client who has an acute exacerbation of Crohn's disease. Which of the following blood lab results would you expect to be elevated? (select all that apply) a. hematocrit b. erythrocyte sedimentation rate c. WBC d. folic acid e. albumin

b,c

A nurse is assessing a client for manifestations of Parkinson's disease. Which of the following are expected findings? a. decreased vision b. pill-rolling tremors of fingers c. shuffling gait d. drooling e. bilateral ankle edema f. lack of facial expression

b,c,d,f

A nurse in the ER is caring for a client who has just experienced an acute asthma attack. Which of the following assessments indicates that the respiratory status is declining? (select all that apply) a. O2 95% b. wheezing c. retraction of sternal muscle d. pink mucous membranes e. tachycardia

b,c,e

A patient comes to the clinic with a primary diagnosis of gastric ulcers you anticipate s/s of ___? (select all that apply) a. pain at night b. weight loss c. hematemesis d. melena e. pain 30 min after eating

b,c,e

You're educating a group of outpatients about signs and symptoms of ulcerative colitis. Which of the following are NOT typical signs and symptoms of ulcerative colitis? SELECT-ALL-THAT-APPLY:* A. Rectal Bleeding B. Abdominal mass C. Bloody diarrhea D. Fistulae E. Extreme Hungry F. Anemia

b,d,e

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing respiratory distress. which of the following early manifestations of hypoxemia should the nurse recognize? (select all that apply) a. confusion b. pale skin c. bradycaradia d. hypotension e. elevated BP

b,e (a is late)

A patient comes into the clinic asking why they have a hard time seeing at night and sometimes see double, you expect? a. glaucoma b. cataracts c. macular degeneration d. eye attack

b.

Your patient has been diagnosed with Meniere's syndrome due to wax buildup, they ask you if this is the same as meriere's disease what is your response? a. yes they are the same due to having the same triad of symptoms b. no they are not the same because they have a different causation c. yes they are the same it just depends on the severity d. no they are not even closely related

b.

Your patients spouse ask about her husbands recent diagnosis of Guillian-Barre Syndrome the past medical history includes, 4 vaccines in the past year, an infection of campylobacter jejune, and history of smoking. The wife is saying how they should never get vaccines again. What should your response be? a. You are wrong vaccines never cause Guillian-Barre b. Although there is a slight chance the immunizations put your husband at risk , the diagnosis of campylobacter jejune is the most probable and clinically proven cause c. Due to your husband's smoking habits and recent infections the diagnosis is not a result of the vaccines d. You are correct vaccinations may cause guillian-barre and due to your husbands seemingly sensitivity you should avoid them in the future

b. Although there is a slight chance the immunizations put your husband at risk , the diagnosis of campylobacter jejune is the most probable and clinically proven cause

A patient comes to the clinic with a diagnoses of hypoparathyroidism and is experiencing muscle spasms and irritability you expect the blood levels to be? a. K+ 3 b. Ca 7.7 c. K+ 6.5 d. Ca 13

b. Ca 7.7

When educating a client with Type 2 diabetes which of the following displays a need for further teaching? a. I should not cut my toenails on my own b. I will never receive insulin shots c. I should try to avoid getting cuts d. I should exercise more consistently

b. I will never receive insulin shots

A patient has lesions on the leg due to a peripheral disease it appears swollen and red with yellow drainage and looks this is likely? a. an arterial wound b. a venous sound c. a pressure ulcer d. a cut not due to peripheral disease

b. a venous wound

A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Assessment findings include 100F, respirations 30/min, BP 130/76, and O2 91% on room air. Which of the following nursing interventions should be performed FIRST? a. administer antibiotics b. administer oxygen therapy c. obtain sputum culture d. instruct client to obtain vaccine

b. administer oxygen therapy

Your patient has hypo magnesium upon gathering medical history you suspect it is due to their history of? a. diabetes mellitus b. alcohol abuse c. obesity d. cancer

b. alcohol abuse

What is our primary concern when planning for the safety of a client with vertigo? a. watching for vital signs dropping b. avoiding falls c. looking for medication toxicity d. finding the cause

b. avoiding falls

Which assessment finding might be evident in someone with COPD upon inspection? a. uneven expansion b. barrel chest c. detrusor muscle use d. flattened diaphram

b. barrel chest

Multiple Sclerosis impacts the neurons in the _____? a. neck b. brain and spinal cord c. limbs d. heart and lungs

b. brain and spinal cord

You notice a patient has dry mucous membranes, is restless, and thirsty you should educate them to avoid which of the following foods? a. bananas b. canned soup c. chocolate d. seafood

b. canned soup

You are performing an assessment on a patient which of the following should you be aware of for a type 2 diabetic patient? a. elevated BP b. capillary refill less than 3 sec c. reduced urinary output d. constipation

b. capillary refill less than 3 sec

When interpreting a urinalysis you notice the specific gravity is 1.080 (high) you know that this means _____? a. UTI b. dehydration c. hypervolemia d. bacteria present

b. dehydration

You suspect a client has Meniere's disease which of the following clinical manifestations indicates this? a. constant ear pain b. fluctuating hearing loss c. pressure in the head d. feeling sick

b. fluctuating hearing loss

Your patient has a weak pulse, hypotension, and cool clammy skin which of the following is the most likely cause? a. dehydration b. hemorrhaging c. pneumonia d. minor vomiting

b. hemorrhaging

Soft tissue injury will put you at risk for developing a. hypomagnesium b. hypermagneisa c. hypocalcemia d. hypercalcemia

b. hypermagnesia

Excess sodium intake can lead too? a. hypovolemia b. hypervolemia c. hypocalcemia d. hypercalcemia

b. hypervolemia

You are assessing a patient and notice crackles in the lungs and distended neck veins you suspect? a. hypovolemia b. hypervolemia c. hypocalcemia d. hypercalcemia

b. hypervolemia

Which of the following contributes to excess bruising in the older adult population? a. increased secretions b. increased blood thinner medication c. sun exposure d. fragile skin

b. increased blood thinner medication

A nurse is assessing a client who has developed atelectasis postoperatively. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a) Facial flushing b) Increasing dyspnea c) Decreased respiratory rate d) Pleural friction rub

b. increasing dyspnea

An older client with dementia has a higher risk for developing hypernatremia because? a. they more commonly have diabetes b. likelihood of inability to express thirst c. they drink more water d. confusion makes the brain use more sodium c.

b. likelihood of inability to express thirst

What is one of the biggest causes of vertigo? a. Meniere's disease b. medications c. respiratory infections d. advanced age

b. medications

Your patient has a blood calcium of 15 and no matter what you do with hydration and post dialysis the levels continue to rise what might you suggest? a. kidney removal b. removal of parathyroid gland c. continue to hydrate d. heart surgery

b. removal of parathyroid gland

Which of the following medications should you educate a patient to stop taking prior to cataract surgery to avoid floppy iris syndrome? a. amoxicillin b. tamsulosin c. mannitol d. ibuprofen

b. tamulosin

A patient is on aspiration risk and has trouble swallowing which diet will they be placed on? a. an NG tube will be placed b. thickened fluids c. NPO diet d. whole food diet

b. thickened fluids

What does a sputum culture determine in a pneumonia patient? a. whether or not to give an antibiotic b. what type of antibiotic to give to be most effective c. if oxygen needs to be provided d. if your patient has nitrogen within the lungs

b. what type of antibiotic to give to be most effective

Which of the following is NOT one of the 3 primary symptoms of chronic bronchitis? a. chronic cough b. wheezing c. sputum production d. dyspnea

b. wheezing

A patient comes into the clinic displaying with tremors at rest, shuffling gait, and akinesia there is not probable causes, the wife of the client asks if they know what the disease is? a. you explain that no there is no set diagnosis although it is likely Parkinson's b. you explain that he is diagnosed with Parkinson's due to the hallmark symptoms c. you explain that further testing is necessary d. you explain that the symptoms and no other cause signify Alzheimer's

b. you explain that he is diagnosed with Parkinson's due to the hallmark symptoms

Which of the following symptoms would indicate to you that your patient has ulcerative colitis?

bloody diarrhea

Your patient has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and is progressing into later phases which of the following symptoms would NOT be present?

bradycardia

Which of the following food does NOT increase your risk for GERD?

bread

A patient comes into the clinic complaining of vertigo what should be your first step? a. asking the provider for medication b. ordering an MRI c. obtaining a comprehensive history d. contacting the primary provider

c.

A patient comes into the hospital complaining of peripheral vision loss, head pain, after assessing the patient you suspect closed-angle glaucoma what is your FIRST step? a. send the client to immediate surgery b. b/c there is no cure you send the patient home with pain medication and safety instructions c. call the provider asking for a prescription of mannitol and beta blockers d. refer to an optometrist

c.

If a patient chooses photodynamic therapy what education should you provide? a. you may be blind for the next couple days so avoid tripping hazards b. your macular degeneration will be cured after this procedure c. avoid light for 5 days to avoid burns d. avoid eating salt to increase inflammation of the sight

c.

When educating a client with Meniere's disease you tell them to avoid bright lights they ask you why you explain it is because? a. it decreases fluid in your body b. it helps to improve hearing loss c. it decreases central nervous system stimulation, decreasing vertigo d. it avoids head pressure

c.

Your patient has been diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma and the provider puts then on prostaglandins this is ...? a. a correct order because they decrease fluid production b. an incorrect order because they vasoconstrict the aqueous humor c. a correct order because they increase outflow of the aqueous humor d. an incorrect order because they increase fluid production

c.

You are administering medication for someone in HHS which of the following should you give? a. 0.45% NS b. 0.9% potassium chloride c. 1 unit/hr insulin IV d. 5 units/hr mixed insulin IV

c. 1 unit/hr insulin IV

Your patient has a BP of 130/82 what is the MAP? a.84 b. 34 c. 98 d. 79

c. 98

Acute inflammatory demyelination of the peripheral nervous system is called? a. Multiple Sclerosis b. Parkinson's disease c. Guillain- Barre syndrome d. Alzheimer's disease

c. Gullain- Barre syndrome

When providing education to a client with pneumonia which of the following indicates that they understand the teaching? a. I should take short breath to conserve my O2 b. I should lower my water intake because it could go into my lungs making my pneumonia worse c. I should continue my physiotherapy exercises to loosen secretions d. Moving hurts my lungs therefore I should avoid going on walks

c. I should continue my physiotherapy exercises to loosen secretions

Why would you increase fluids for a patient with COPD? a. force deep breathing b. push bacteria out c. loosen secretions d. encourage ambulation

c. loosen secretions

A patient has a blood calcium level of 11.3 which of the following is most likely the cause? a. alcohol abuse b. hypoparathyroidism c. malignancy d. loop diuretics

c. malignancy

Which of the following is an example of a sensible loss? a. respirations b. sweating c. urination d. diaphoresiss

c. urination

The nurse is teaching the parents of an​ 18-month-old female toddler with a urinary tract infection​ (UTI). Which should be included in the teaching to prevent the future risk of a​ UTI? A. Increase the​ child's fluid intake. B. Increase the​ child's intake of vitamin C. C. Provide the child with a daily cup of​ low-sugar cranberry juice. D. Cleanse the perineal area front to back.

cleanse the perineal area front to back

Where does ulcerative colitis begin?

colon/rectum

The nurse is caring for a client experiencing urinary retention. Which preventive​ catheter-associated urinary tract infection​ (CAUTI) measure should the nurse take to protect the client from a urinary tract infection​ (UTI)?

consider alternatives to an indwelling catheter first

You have just performed a fasting blood glucose which of the following is an indicator of diabetes? a. 90 b. 100 c. 120 d. 130

d. 130

Which of the following is used to detect macular degeneration? a. Snellen chart b. otoscope c. MRI d. Amsler Grid

d. Amsler Grid

What type of diet may be recommended for someone with hypertension? a. NPO diet b. thickened liquids diet c. POTS diet d. DASH diet

d. DASH diet

Which of the following is not a complication of hypertension? a. headache b. renal damage c. cardiac hypertrophy d. DVT

d. DVT

When providing education to a client with hyperlipidemia which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching? a. I will stop smoking and reduce alcohol consumption b. I can consume some fats but mainly unsaturated fats c. I should exercise 30 min a day d. I should remove fat from my diet

d. I should remove fat from my diet

Your patient is in hypertensive urgency and there are no signs of organ damage which route should you administer the antihypertensive medications? a. IV b. Sub- Q c. intranasally d. PO

d. PO

Which of the following should not be given the pneumococcal vaccine? a. a 20 year old with COPD b. a 63 year old smoker c. a 25 year old with HIV d. a 40 year old with arthritis

d. a 40 year old with arthritis

You are educating a patient on their new diagnosis of COPD which of the following indicates an understanding? a. it is a slow progressive disorder that increases airflow to lungs b. it is a preventable and reversible disorder c. there are 3 types of COPD d. a chronic irreversible disorder that involves the airways and/or parenchyma

d. a chronic irreversible disorder that involves the airways and/or parenchyma

A nurse is caring for a client 2hr after admission. The client has SaO2 of 91%, exhibits audible wheezes. Which of the following medication class should the nurse expect to administer? a. antibiotic b. beta-blocker c. antiviral d. beta 2 agonist

d. beta 2 agonist

Bulli being removed may help a COPD patient improve, which type would it especially cause improvement? a. asthma b. chronic bronchitits c. pneumonia d. emphesema

d. emphysema

If you cannot determine a patient's swallowing ability a respiratory therapist may perform a Barium Swallow Study which test swallowing under___? a. a microscope b. an ultrasound c. CT Scan d. esophagography

d. esophagography

If someone is in stage 4 kidney failure which of the following might they have problems with? a. absorption b. metabolism c. distribution d. excretion

d. excretion

A nurse is caring for a client who has Parkinson's disease and is staring to display bradykinesia. Which of the following teachings is an appropriate action by the nurse? a. teach the client to walk more quickly when ambulating b. complete passive range of motion exercises daily c. place the client on low protein, low calorie diet d. give the client extra time to perform activities

d. give the client extra time to perform activities

Which of the following colloids is less likely to cause a reaction? a. albumin because is made in humans b. hetastarch because it is made from humans c. albumin because it is not made from humans d. hetastarch because it is not made from humans

d. hetastarch because it is not made from humans

A patient has had pneumonia for 3 days and suddenly starts showing signs of confusion this is a sign that? a. the client has developed a UTI b. the patient needs to be moved into a room with less stimulation c. the antibiotic needs to be stopped d. hypoxia is occurring and O2 is required

d. hypoxia is occurring and O2 is required

Incentive spirometry, coughing , and movement are used in a patient with atelectasis to promote____? a. alveoli expansion and repair b. improved exhalation and remove bacteria c. increased O2 sat and comfort d. improved ventilation and remove secretions

d. improve ventilation and remove secretions

You are preparing to give medication to a client in the supine position, what should you do to avoid aspiration? a. perform a swallow test b. take the client's BP and review precautions c. have the client open their mouth to see if anything is lodged d. sit the patient up if able or hold the med

d. sit the patient up if able or hold the med

Your patient is in renal failure with a fluid volume deficit which of the following lab values would you expect? a. serum osmolarity of 200 b. BUN of 10 c. serum osmolarity of 10 d. urine specific gravity of 1.075

d. urine specific gravity 1.075

A client's ulcerative colitis symptoms have been present for longer than 1 week. The nurse recognizes that the client should be assessed carefully for signs of which of the following complications?

hypokalemia

A patient with acute urinary retention associated with BPH is admitted to the emergency department. The patient has had no urine output for 16 hours, and the laboratory work shows a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 50 mg/dl and a creatinine of 3.0 mg/dl. The nurse will anticipate a health care provider order to

insert a retention catheter

Your patient with Crohn's disease has developed a rigid abdomen, N/V, hypotension, and tachycardia which complication to you expect?

internal bleeding

To determine the severity of the symptoms for a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the nurse will ask the patient about

occurrence of a weak urinary stream

A patient with pain in both their wrists and hands, along with warmth is most likely?

rheumatoid arthritis

The beginning stages of Crohn's disease can be characterized by?

stellate ulcers

A patient with nephrolithiasis has been sent home to pass the stones which of the following is important to teach them?

strain all urine and save stones

What is typically used to diagnose GERD?

symptoms

The wife of a patient who has undergone a TURP and has continuous bladder irrigation asks the nurse about the purpose of the continuous bladder irrigation. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

the irrigation is needed to keep the catheter from being occluded by blood clots

Which of the following disease is smoking a preventative measure for?

ulcerative colitis

Which of the following is NOT a method used to care for a client with urinary retention?

void less often