American Gov UNIT 5
British economist _____ believed the best way to avoid or lessen the impact of a recession is to increase government spending in order to stimulate the economy.
John Maynard Keynes
minimal government involvement in the economy
Laissez-faire
a tool used by governors to reject portions of a bill
line-item veto
______ governments get most of their revenue from property and sales tax.
local
occurs when planned action by a state is thwarted by the government taking action first
preemption
A _____ tax rate is determined by one's ability to pay.
progressive
gives power to the states
reserved powers
what the Federal Reserve charges member banks to borrow money
discount rate
A(n) _______ is a way citizens may bypass their legislature in order to get an amendment on the ballot.
initiative
______ was the foreign policy of the United States from its founding until the mid-20th century.
isolationism
What did the Gibbons v. Ogden Supreme Court ruling clarify?
Congress, not the states, has control over interstate trade.
The ______ was a U.S. foreign policy that helped prevent encroachment of communism by rebuilding Europe after World War II.
Marshall Plan
The foreign policy of the _____ stood against European involvement in countries in South and Central America.
Monroe Doctrine
The U.S. foreign policy of the _____ was formed with the intent of containing the spread of communism.
Truman Doctrine
The ______ provides foreign ministers to other countries and protects Americans overseas.
U.S. state department
What can the Federal Reserve do to stimulate the economy and encourage borrowing?
decrease the discount rate
promote competition by making monopolies illegal
antitrust laws
Property ownership and the right to take a risk in hopes of earning a profit are part of the system of _______.
capitalism
The ______ blends executive and legislative power into one body.
city-commission form of government
The ruling party controls all factors of production and redistributes all produced services and goods under _______.
communism
shares power between national and state governments
concurrent powers
foreign policy emphasizing building friendly relationships with other nations
détente
the government's use of spending and taxing to regulate economic activity
fiscal policy
U.S. _______ policy goals include providing aid, supporting democracy, and promoting world peace.
foreign
measures a country's production and standard of living
gross domestic product
The ______ program providing healthcare for impoverished children and adults is funded and administered by states.
medicaid
The federal government provides medical care benefits to senior adults through the _______ program.
medicare
The Federal Reserve implements a(n) ______ to control the flow of money in the U.S. economy.
monetary policy
the process of a government takeover of a private industry for public use
nationalization
Lawmakers who want to please their constituents add ______ project spending to appropriation bills.
pork-barrel
grants Congress the authority to exercise implied powers even if it limits the powers of states
the necessary and proper clause
proclaims that state laws are subordinate to the U.S. Constitution
the supremacy clause
Local governments only have the powers granted to them by the state in a(n) _______ form of government.
unitary