Anatomy and physiology Chapter 1 midterm review

Name the 5 basic functions performed by all living organism:

1. Respond 2. Growth and differentiate 3. Reproduction 4. Movement 5. Metabolism and excretion

The six levels of organization from the least to highest level of complexity is:

1.Chemical 2. Cellular 3. Tissue 4. Organ 5. Organ system 6. Organism

The anatomical equivalent for for ventral is?

Anterior

The analysis smallest unit of life is called

Cytology

The name of the structures that separates the thoracic & abdominalpelvic cavity is called the

Diaphragm

Specialization of individual cell & changes in form & function is called:

Differentiation

The name of the organ system whose primary function is to absorb organic nutrients, minerals, vitamins, & water is called the

Digestive system

The study of the early process during the first 2 months of development from conception to physical maturity is called

Embryology

The what abdominopelvic region is sandwiched between the right & left hypochondriac regions?

Epigastric

**The sectional plane that divides the body into anterior & posterior sections is called what plane?

Frontal plan aka Coronal

Clinical anatomy, surgical anatomy, radiographic anatomy & cross-sectional anatomy are all example of

Gross anatomical specialties

Increase in the cell size & number is called

Growth

The branch of science that studies group of cell & how they work together is called

Histology

The discipline that might examine structural interactions with in a sheet of muscle tissue, or group of specialized cells & cell products that work together to perform specific function is called

Histology

The process of cellular specialization to perform particular functions is called

Histology

The organ system whose main function is temperature control & protection of the body from external environmental hazards is called what system?

Integumentary

The name of the organ of the urinary system whose primary functions include forming & concentrating urine; regulate the blood pH & ion concentrations & perform certain endocrine functions is the

Kidney

Pain originating from the spleen would most likely be felt in the ________ abdominopelvic quadrant.

Left upper quadrant

The esophagus(food pipe), trachea (windpipe), thymus & great blood vessels are enclosed within the

Mediastinum

The double layer of peritoneum that provide support & stability to the stomach and small intestines is known as the

Mesenteries

The what section through the umbilicus divides the human body into equal left & right portions

Midsagittal

what organ system allows for locomotions, provide supports & produce heats.

Muscular

The organ system that directs immediate responses to stimuli by usually coordinating the activities of other organ systems is called the

Nervous system

The bladder is located in the ________ cavity.

Pelvic cavity

The hear is found in what cavity ?

Pericardial Cavity

Most of the digestive organs are contained within what Cavity, which is named for the membrane that surrounds it?

Peritoneal

The lung occupy the _______cavity.

Pleural

A transverse section at the level immediately below the nipple would pass through the ? Hint: Think of lungs and heart

Pleural and pericardial

When a person is lying in a face down it is called the what position?

Prone

The study of anatomical structures through specialized imaging techniques ( such as ultrasounds, x-ray or other specialized) performed on an intact body is called:

Radiography

CT, MRI, Ultrasound, & Angiography are all considered type of what procedure?

Radiological

The type of anatomy that refers to the study of all the superficial & internal features in a specific area of the body is called

Regional anatomy

The vital ability of an organism to take certain actions when changes occur in its immediate environment is called ________.

Responsiveness

The organ system that function is support, protection of soft tissues, mineral storage & blood cell formation is called what system?

Skeletal

The organ system that is the primary site of blood cell production is called what system?

Skeletal

A person is laying down with the face up is said to be laying in what position?

Supine

The anatomical speciality that refers to the study of general form (or morphology) & superficial anatomical markings is called

Surface anatomy

The type of anatomy that refers to the study of the heart, blood , and blood vessels is called ?Hint: Heart, blood and blood vessels make up

Systemic anatomy

The organ of the lymphatic system whose primary function is to control the movement & maintenance of T-cells (one of the classification s of lymphocytes) is called the

Thymus

What section is produced if the body is separated into superior & inferior portions

Transverse

The organ system that includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder & urethra is called what system?

Urinary

The two layers of the serous membranes are called the ? Hint V and P

Visceral and Parietal

The name of the serous membrane that lines the outer surface of the lungs is called

Visceral pleura

Organs such as the liver, stomach, and pancreas are located within the ________ cavity

abdominal cavity

The property of living thing to transport food, blood , or other materials inside the body is called

absorption

When a person stand with the legs together & the feet flat on the floor it is known as the what position?

anatomical

The anatomical name for the front of the elbow is the

antecubitis

Gas exchange is also facilitated by what organ system , which is responsible for the internal transport of cells & dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes & gases

cardiovascular

The study of anatomical features that may undergo recognizable pathological changes during illness is called

clinical anatomy

A failure to maintain homeostatic conditions in the body is known as

disease

The organ system that contains glandular structures that direct long-term changes in the activities of other organ systems is known as the

endocrine system

Elimination of unnecessary or potentially harmful materials from the body is called:

excretion

The axilla is what and what to the nasus

lateral and inferior

All of the anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body are collectively defined as

metabolism

The name of the serous membrane that lines the body wall within the abdominopelvic cavity is called the

parietal peritoneum

The space that contains the brain & spinal cords is what body cavity ?

posterior/dorsal body cavity

The femur is what to the tarsus?

proximal

The hips are what or inferior to the shoulders.

proximal

The process of producing a new organism is referred to as

reproduction

What organ system allows for gas exchange between the air & circulating blood

respiratory

The space that contains organ of the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary & reproductive systems is called the coelom or what body cavity ?

ventral/anterior body cavity