Anatomy and physiology chapter 4

23) Edema occurs when---------------- A) areolar tissue soaks up excess fluid in an inflamed area B) adipose cells enlarge by pinocytosis C) collagen fibers enlarge as they change from dehydrated to hydrated shape D) reticular connective tissue invades the area

A

26) Arteries, veins, and lymphatics keep clots from sticking as long as their ________ is intact and healthy. A) endothelium B) mesothelium C) transitional epithelium D) simple cuboidal epithelium

A

15) Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function form a(n) ________. A) organ B) tissue C) organism D) organ system

B

20) Chondroblasts ________. A) are mature cartilage cells located in spaces called lacunae B) within the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix C) remain in compact bone even after the epiphyseal plate closes D) never lose their ability to divide

B

25) Heart muscle cells would tend to separate without ________ A) myofilaments B) intercalated discs C) flana D) stroma

B

32) Select the correct statement regarding tissue repair------------. A) Granulation tissue is highly susceptible to infection. B) Inflammation causes capillaries to dilate and become permeable. C) Granulation tissue is another name for a blood clot. D) The clot is formed from dried blood and transposed collagen fibers.

B

7) All epithelial tissue rests upon a(n) ________ composed of connective tissue.

Basement membrane

2) Cardiac muscle tissue is uninucleated, has intercalated discs, and is ________.

Brachea

10) Aging tends to increase bony spread within the body as chondrocytes die 10) Aging tends to increase bony spread within the body as chondrocytes die.

False

5) Kidney tubules are composed of ________ epithelium.

Simple cubiodal

3) The ________ muscle cells are multinucleated due to the fusion of myoblasts.

Skeletal

16) The shape of the external ear is maintained by ________. A) adipose tissue B) elastic cartilage C) hyaline cartilage D) fibrocartilage

B

21) ________ epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane. A) Stratified cuboidal B) Stratified columnar C) Transitional D) Pseudostratified columnar

D

10) Which statement best describes connective tissue?------------ A) usually contains a large amount of matrix B) typically arranged in a single layer of cells C) primarily concerned with secretion D) usually lines a body cavity

A

12) Cell type not found in areolar connective tissue--------------. A) chondrocytes B) fibroblasts C) macrophages D) mast cells

A

13) Which tissue type arises from all three embryonic germ layers?------------- A) epithelial tissue B) connective tissue C) nervous tissue D) muscle tissue

A

24) Which of the following is true about the mode of secretion of exocrine glands?--------- A) Merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process. B) Apocrine cells are destroyed, then replaced, after secretion. C) Holocrine cells are slightly damaged by the secretory process, but repair themselves. D) These glands are ductless

A

27) Which is true concerning muscle tissue?------------ A) highly cellular and well vascularized B) cuboidal shape enhances function C) contains contractile units made of collagen D) is a single-celled tissue

A

29) What are the three main components of connective tissue?-------------- A) ground substance, fibers, and cells B) alveoli, fibrous capsule, and secretory cells C) collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers D) fibroblasts, chondroblasts, and osteoblasts

A

35) Which cells are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells?--------- A) goblet cells B) mast cells C) macrophages D) cilia

A

7) The simple columnar epithelium that form absorptive cells of the digestive tract have which characteristic?--------------- A) dense microvilli B) a rich vascular supply C) fibroblasts D) cilia

A

8) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium ciliated variety ________. A) lines most of the respiratory tract B) aids in digestion C) possesses no goblet cells D) is not an epithelial classification

A

1) The tissue that forms the framework for the lamina propria of mucous membranes is ________ connective tissue.

Areola

11) Connective tissue matrix is composed of ________. A) cells and fibers B) fibers and ground substance C) ground substance and cells D) all organic compounds

B

14) The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ________. A) elastic B) collagen C) reticular D) muscle

B

18) Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as ________. A) exocrine B) endocrine C) sebaceous D) ceruminous

B

2) The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength, which allows them to absorb shock, is because they possess ________. A) hydroxyapatite crystals B) collagen fibers C) reticular fibers D) elastic fibers

B

34) Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue------------. A) It is composed mostly of extracellular matrix. B) Its primary function is nutrient storage. C) Mature adipose cells are highly mitotic. D) Most of the cell volume is occupied by the nucleus

B

6) Which of the following would be of most importance to goblet cells and other glandular epithelium?------------------ A) microvilli B) Golgi bodies C) lysosomes D) multiple nuclei

B

1) Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is found in bone?------ A) living cells B) lacunae C) blood vessels D) organic fibers

C

17) Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which tissue?---------------- A) simple squamous B) transitional C) simple columnar D) stratified squamous

C

19) Which of the following is true about epithelia?-------------- A) Simple epithelia are commonly found in areas of high abrasion. B) Stratified epithelia are associated with filtration. C) Endothelium provides a slick surface lining all hollow cardiovascular organs. D) Pseudostratified epithelia are commonly keratinized.

C

28) The first step in tissue repair involves ________. A) replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells B) proliferation of fibrous connective tissue C) inflammation D) formation of scar tissue

C

3) What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?------------ A) cartilage tissue B) fibrocartilaginous tissue C) osseous tissue D) areolar tissue

C

30) Which of the following statements is true of connective tissue?------------- A) Elastin fibers are sometimes called white fibers. B) When connective tissue is stretched, collagen gives it the ability to snap back. C) Collagen fibers provides high tensile strength. D) Reticular fibers form thick, ropelike structures.

C

33) Select the correct statement regarding epithelia-------------. A) Simple epithelia form impermeable barriers. B) Stratified epithelia are tall, narrow cells. C) Stratified epithelia are present where protection from abrasion is important. D) Pseudostratified epithelia consist of at least two layers of cells stacked on top of one another.

C

37) Mesenchymal cells are most commonly found in ________ connective tissue. A) areolar B) dense regular C) embryonic D) reticular

C

4) How is hyaline cartilage different from elastic or fibrocartilage?------------- A) It is more vascularized. B) It contains more nuclei. C) Fibers are not normally visible. D) It forms most of the embryonic skeleton..

C

5) The blast cell for blood production is the ________. A) osteoblast B) chondroblast C) hemocytoblast D) fibroblast

C

9) Which of the following is a single-celled layer of epithelium that forms the lining of serous membranes?--------------- A) pseudostratified columnar B) simple columnar C) simple squamous D) simple cuboidal

C

8) The salivary glands are a good example of a(n) ________ exocrine gland

Compound tubulolveolar

22) A many-layered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as ________. A) simple cuboidal B) simple squamous C) transitional D) stratified squamous

D

31) Select the correct statement regarding the stem cells of connective tissue-----------. A) Connective tissue does not contain cells. B) Connective tissue cells are nondividing. C) Chondroblasts are the main cell type of connective tissue proper. D) "Blast" cells are undifferentiated, actively dividing cells.

D

36) Which of the following is not a step in tissue repair?------------- A) Inflammation B) Restoration of blood supply C) Regeneration and fibrosis. D) Formation of new stem cells

D

4) The uppermost layer of skin is composed of ________.

Diff

11) Merocrine glands produce their secretions by accumulating their secretions internally until the cell ruptures.

False

12) Salivary glands exhibit simple tubuloalveolar glandular arrangement

False

13) Connective tissues that possess a large quantity of collagen fibers often provide the framework for organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.

False

14) The basic difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissues is in the amount of elastic fibers and adipose cells present.

False

15) A major characteristic of fibrocartilage is its unique amount of flexibility and elasticity.

False

17) Intercalated discs and striations are found in skeletal muscle.

False

19) Cartilage has good regenerative capacity, while most epithelial tissues do not

False

22) Healing of a surgical incision through the body wall will tend to increase the amount of areolar tissue

False

23) Endocrine glands are often called ducted glands.

False

25) Nervous tissue consists mainly of neurons and collagen fibers.

False

3) Tendons and ligaments are composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue.

False

6) Three to six rows of cells covering a tissue in which the cells may be the same shape from the basement membrane to the surfaces would be ________ epithelia.

Transitional

16) Cartilage tissue tends to heal less rapidly than bone tissue.

True

18) Smooth muscle cells possess central nuclei but lack striations

True

2) The role of brown fat is to warm the body; whereas, the role of white fat is to store nutrients.

True

20) Squamous cells are flattened and scalelike when mature.

True

21) Functions of connective tissues include binding, support, insulation, and protection.

True

24) Blood is considered a type of connective tissue.

True

4) Macrophages are found in areolar and lymphatic tissues.

True

5) Goblet cells are found within pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.

True

6) Epithelial tissues always exhibit polarity; that is, they have a free surface and a basal surface.

True

7) Simple cuboidal epithelia are usually found in areas where secretion and absorption occur.

True

8) Depending on the functional state of the bladder, transitional epithelium may resemble stratified squamous or stratified cuboidal epithelium.

True

9) Elastic cartilage tissue is found in the walls of the large arteries that leave the heart.

True

The shock-absorbing pads between the vertebrae are formed of fibrocartilage

True