Anatomy Chapter 19

You are caring for an adult patient who weighs 48kg. What would her approximate blood volume be

E. 3.8L

An infected wound contains typically contains

E. all of the answers are correct

In adults, red bone marrow is located in the

E. all of the answers are correct

The yellow color that is visible in the eyes and skin in jaundice results from

E. all of the answers are correct

Which of the following is a function of the blood

E. all of the answers are correct

Which of the following is true of basophils

E. all of the answers are correct

Which of the following is true of eosinophils

E. all of the answers are correct

The function of red blood cells is to

E. carry oxygen to the cells and then carry away carbon dioxide

Platelets are

E. cytoplasmic fragments of large cells

Which of these proteins functions to store or transport iron

E. ferritin, hemosiderin, and transferrin

Excess iron is stored in the liver and spleen as

E. hemosiderin and ferritin

Mary tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that

E. her hemoglobin level is normal

Plasma is closest in composition to

E. interstitial fluid

Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins

E. liver

The blood cells involved in specific immunity are the

E. lymphocytes

_____ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells

E. monocytes

______ are immature erythrocytes that are present in the circulation

E. reticulocytes

Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the

E. spleen, liver, and bone marrow

Plasma composes about _______ percent of whole blood and water composes ____ percent of the plasma volume

A. 55;92

Which of the following is not true of monocytes

A. about same size as basophils

Which of these descriptions best matches the function of platelets

A. adhere to collagen beneath endothelium

After donating .5 liters of blood, one would expect

A. an increased reticulocyte count

The function of hemoglobin is to

A. carry dissolved blood gasses

Eosinophils function in

A. destroying antibody-labeled antigens

A person who has low blood volume is said to be

A. hypovolemic

Which of the following is not true of neutrophils?

A. less abundant than lymphocytes

Transferrin is an example of which kind of plasma protein

A. metalloprotein

If bile ducts are blocked

A. more bilirubin appears in the plasma

A patient has an infected puncture wound to her foot. Which type of white blood cell would you expect to be elevated in a differential white cell count

A. neutrophils

During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of

A. neutrophils

The most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the

A. neutrophils

Which of the following blood count values would be a sign of anemia

B. 3.5 million RBC

Which of the following statements about blood is false

B. The normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0

The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the

B. activation of Factor XII exposed to collagen

Antigens of the surface of red blood cells are also called ______ and antibodies in the blood plasma are also called ______

B. agglutinogens; agglutinins

In which of the following situations would you expect the blood level of bilirubin to be elevated

B. an alcoholic with a damaged liver

Which of these descriptions best matches the term T lymphocytes

B. are involved in cell mediated immunity

A substance that activates plasminogen might be useful to

B. causes clot dissolution to proceed faster

White blood cells that are increased in allergic individuals are the

B. eosinophils

A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is

B. fibrinogen

Plasma thromboplastin is a factor in the ________ pathway.

B. intrinsic

Non-specific immunity, such as phagocytosis, is a function of which blood cells

B. neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes

A red blood cell that contains normal amounts of hemoglobin would be called

B. normochromic

Surgical removal of the stomach could cause

B. pernicious anemia

The enzyme that can digest fibrin and dissolve a clot is

B. plasmin

The function of platelets is to assist in the

B. process called homeostasis

The developmental stage at which erythrocytes enter the circulation is as

B. reticulocytes

A bruise appears as a greenish spot in the skin because

B. the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin

The process of lymphopoiesis goes on in all of the following organs, except

B. the kidney

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because

B. their blood lacks A or B agglutinins

Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a

B. viscosity about the same as water

The most numerous WBCs in a differential count of a healthy individual are

BA. neutrophils

The total volume of blood in the body of a 76-kg man is approximately _______ liters

C. 5.3

The disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen if

C. a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal

Whole blood for testing in a clinical laboratory is usually collected from

C. a superficial vein

The most abundant proteins in the blood plasma are

C. albumins

When checking the efficiency of gas exchange, it may be necessary to draw a blood sample from

C. an artery

______ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced

C. anemia

Which of these is not one of the formed elements of blood

C. antibodies

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are

C. basophils

Erythropoiesis is stimulated when

C. blood flow to the kidney declines

The process of fibrinolysis

C. dissolves clots

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone

C. erythropoietin

A hematocrit provides information on

C. formed elements abundance

Each hemoglobin molecule contains

C. four iron atoms

The waste product bilirubin is produced from

C. heme molecules lacking iron

Some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that consume this poison would die of

C. hemmorage

More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is

C. hemoglobin

Which of these descriptions best matches the term colony stimulating factor

C. hormone that regulates blood cell formation

Thyroid-binding globulin is an example of which kind of plasma protein

C. hormone-binding

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the

C. immunoglobulins

An obstruction of blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in

C. increased erythropoiesis

Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of

C. iron

Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called

C. megakaryocytic

Which of these descriptions best matches the term B lymphocytes

C. produce antibodies in response to antigens

In adults, erythropoiesis exclusively takes place in

C. red bone marrow

Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false

C. red cells are about 18 um in diameter

The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the

C. release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium

Which of the following would you expect to see in increased numbers in a peripheral blood sample after donating a unit of blood

C. reticulocytes

Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

C. the liver

In case of hemorrhage, platelets are stored as a reserve in

C. the spleen

The combination of plasma and formed elements is called

C. whole blood

A typical adult hematocrit is

D. 45

Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood

D. 45 percent

Which plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones

D. albumin

Blood type is identified primarily by

D. both the ABO and Rh blood groups

________ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

D. coagulation

The chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the

D. concentration of proteins

The common pathway of coagulation begins with the

D. conversion of Factor X to prothrombinase

The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following, except

D. during periods of fasting

The process of red blood cell production is called

D. erythropoiesis

The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the

D. hematocrit

All of the following are true of neutrophils, except that they are

D. important in coagulation

Pernicious anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by

D. injections of vitamin B12

A persons blood type is determined largely by the

D. presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane

Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is

D. recycled to the red bone marrow

All the circulating red blood cells in an adult originate in the

D. red bone marrow

Granulocytes form in

D. red bone marrow

In adults, the only site of red blood cell production, and the primary site of white blood cell formation, is the

D. red bone marrow

A person whose platelet count is 40,000/µl is suffering from

D. thrombocytopnia