Anatomy - Chapter 25: The Reproductive System

contains a secondary oocyte surrounded by zona pellucida and corona radiata

Graafian (vesicular) follicle

All of the following are adaptations for keeping the testes cool except the

testicular artery

The seminal vesicles

are glands that secrete most of the volume of the semen.

Which of the following is the primary sex organ in the male?

testis

What would be a good explanation as to the difference between an embryo and a fetus?

An embryo is the developmental stage from fertilization to week 8. After week 8, it is called a fetus.

What best explains how an oocyte (whether fertilized or not) makes its way from the ovary to the uterus?

Cilia lining the uterine tube, along with smooth muscle contractions, keep the oocyte moving toward the uterus.

A cancer that is often caused by a human papilloma virus is __________.

cervical cancer

Fingerlike placental structures where oxygen and nutrients from the maternal blood supply diffuse into the embryonic blood.

chorionic villi

The__________ is homologous to the penis, having both a glans and a body.

clitoris

The epithelium lining the vagina is

stratified squamous

All of the following are located within the spermatic cord except the

superficial inguinal ring

The vaginal fornix _____

surrounds the tip of the cervix.

In male embryos, the__________ , or the future seminiferous tubules, grow from the gonadal surface into the inner part of the gonad beginning week 7.

testes cords

connective tissue layer that condenses around a primary follicle; outer layer cells resemble smooth muscle cells and inner layer secretes hormones

theca folliculi

The usual site of embryo implantation is the

uterus

a glycoprotein layer that a sperm must ultimately penetrate to fertilize the oocyte

zona pellucida

The phases of the uterine cycle occur in the following order.

menstrual phase (days 1-5); proliferative phase (days 6-14); secretory phase (days 15-28)

The journey through the epididymis takes sperm about __________ and by the end of that process, __________.

20 days / they can swim and fertilize anovum through the acrosomal reaction

Oogenesis and spermatogenesis both involve the chromosomal-reduction divisions of meiosis, which takes the gametes from the full complement of chromosomes to the__________ number of chromosomes.

haploid

The primary hormonal stimulus for ovulation is ______.

a surge of luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary gland

In which part of the uterine tube does fertilization usually occur?

ampulla

The largest region of the uterus is its

body

Which of the following organs does not contribute secretion(s) during the male sexual response?

corpus cavernosum

granulosa and theca cells that remain after ovulation; secretes estrogens and progesterone

corpus luteum

The__________ muscles are responsible for elevating the testes.

cremaster

Involuntary contraction of this smooth muscle layer wrinkles and thickens the walls of the scrotum to prevent heat loss.

dartos muscle

Of the following tubular structures, which is the only one that lies partly outside the testis: tubulus rectus, seminiferous tubule, rete testis, efferent ductule?

efferent ductule

The female homologue of the male scrotum is the

labia majora

The journey through the epididymis takes sperm about __________ and by the end of that process, __________.

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Which of the following is not contained in the fluid secreted by the seminal glands?

macrophages

Most support of the uterus is provided by the

muscles of the pelvic floor.

The female uterine cycle begins

on the first day of menstruation.

present before birth; all subsequent follicle stages arise from this structure

primordial follicles

first follicle to have a well-defined antrum; comprised of stratified epithelium

secondary follicle

All of the following are functions of the sustentocytes in the seminiferous tubules except

secretion of testosterone.

One factor that propels an oocyte through the uterine tube is

smooth muscle contraction (peristalsis).

Identify the spematogenic cells found in the basal compartment of the seminiferous tubule.

spermatogonia

During stage 1 of spermatogenesis __________.

spermatogonia divide by mitosis; each division produces two daughter cells