anatomy chapter 5

Which of the following structures found in the skin help prevent water loss and inhibit bacterial growth on the surface of the skin? Select all that apply.

oil glands and lamellar granules

Secretion mixture of fats, sterols, proteins and salts, that prevent water loss and can inhibit the growth of some bacteria.

sebum

In the elderly, blood supply to the dermis is reduced and sweat glands are less active. This combination of factors would most affect

the ability to thermoregulate

An individual allergic to peanut butter eats a snack containing trace amounts. While the reaction is not severe, the individual shows signs of elevated patches all over their skin. These patches are

urticaria

In the diagram of a hair root shown, where does melanin get deposited? Select all that apply.

A and B

In the diagram of skin shown below, which labeled structure generates fingerprints?

A

In the photomicrograph shown below, which layer will contain melanocyte projections, keratinocytes and intraepidermal macrophages (Langerhan cells)?

D

Which structure in the figure produces a pigment that contributes to skin color and absorbs UV radiation?

D

In the diagram of skin shown below, which structures are composed of stratified cuboidal tissue? Select all that apply.

E and F

Which structure would recognize pulling of the skin during stiches even after a doctor anesthetizes the area?

F

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown, a hangnail is associated with drying of what area?

B

In a skin infection, which cell will take up and process microbial antigens?

Intraepidermal macrophages (Langerhans cells)

The buildup of bilirubin in an infant's blood can occur if the liver does not remove the chemical. This condition is

jaundice

Which condition results from androgens inhibiting hair growth in genetically predisposed adults?

male-pattern baldness

Albinism is the inherited inability to produce

melanin

Without enzymatic action of tyrosinase, what pathway is blocked in the body pertaining to skin?

melanin production

Anorexia may cause adults to develop fine, unpigmented hairs to help with warmth and insulation. Which type of hair is described?

lanugo

Choose the following statements that describe keratin. 1. Keratin is a tough, fibrous protein. 2. Keratin is used for pigmenting skin. 3. Keratin helps protect the skin. 4. Keratin participates in immune responses. 5. Keratin protects the skin from UV light.

1 and 3

Why does the skin feel hot on individuals with a fever? Select all that apply. Blood vessels dilate to allow increased blood flow from the deeper layers of the skin. Blood vessels constrict to decrease blood flow from the deeper layers of the skin. Vasoconstriction of the vessels decreases heat loss from the skin. Vasodilation increases heat loss from the skin. Blood flow from the dermis is decreased while blood flow to the epidermis is increased.

1 and 4

Which statements describe sebaceous glands? 1. oil producing 2. merocrine 3. holocrine 4. thermoregulation 5. sebum 6. apocrine

1,3,5

Which statements describing vitamin D are true. 1. The skin produces Vitamin D when exposed to UV light. 2. When the skin is exposed to UV light, it begins the reaction to convert the precursor molecule to calcitriol in the liver than kidneys. 3. Vitamin D supplements can be taken if individuals are not exposed to UV light. 4. Vitamin D stimulates the uptake of calcium from the intestines. 5. Vitamin D inhibits the function of phagocytes in immunity.

2,3,4

Which structure in the figure detects touch sensations?

C

Vitamin C is important for collagen synthesis. Which area of the skin would be most affected if there is a deficiency in vitamin c?

Reticular region of the dermis

Most adipose tissue in the body is considered 'white fat'. Why is the subcutaneous layer often yellowish-orange?

The pigment carotene is stored there.

Put the events of keratinization in order. A. Accumulate keratohyalin granules B. Cells increase in size, some retain ability to divide C. Cell membrane thickens. Cells imbedded in lipid matrix. D. Cells within this layer proliferate

d, b, a, c

Which exocrine gland is primarily used for thermoregulation?

eccrine sweat gland