Anatomy Integumentary System

What is the function of melanin?

It protects DNA from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation.

What specialized cell acts like a macrophage?

Langerhans cell

The condition that results from clogged sebaceous glands is

acne

What is the structure labeled 8?

arrector pili

A burn that destroys only the superficial cells of the epidermis, such as a mild sunburn, is classified as

first-degree

What is the structure labeled 6?

hair shaft

The loose connective tissue that separates the integument from deeper tissues and organs is called the

hypodermis or subcutaeneous layger

Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the cutaneous membrane (deepest first)?

hypodermis, dermis, epidermis

The protein that contributes to many of the skin's protective qualities is called

keratin

Which of the following is not part of the integumentary system?

lungs

The pale crescent area of the nail is called the

lunula

Modified and specialized sweat glands that produce milk are called __________ glands.

mammary

In albinism, ___________ is lacking

melanin

In the figure above, the cell labeled B is a/an

melanocyte

This special cell acts as a receptor for neurons

merkel cell

Thick skin can be found on the

palms

Functions of the skin include

regulating body temperature

What is the structure labeled 7?

sebaceous gland

A burn that goes into the dermis is classified as what type of burn?

second degree

The arrector pili is made up of what type of muscle tissue?

smooth

A small amount of ultraviolet radiation is beneficial because it

stimulates vitamin D synthesis in the epidermis

The deepest layer of cells in the epidermis is the cells of the

stratum basale

The layer of the epidermis at the exposed surface is the

stratum corneum

What is the outermost layer of the epidermis that sheds dead skin cells?

stratum corneum

What layer of the epidermis determines if it is tough skin?

stratum lucidum

What is the structure labeled 10?

sudoriferous gland

When the arrector pili muscles contract,

"goose bumps" are formed

Which number identifies the epidermis?

1 (top layer)

Which number identifies the reticular layer of the dermis?

3 (bottom layer of dermis)

Which number identifies the dermis?

4 (middle layer)

Which number identifies the hypodermis?

5 (bottom layer)

What is the correct order of the parts of a hair shaft from the outside in?

cuticle, cortex, medulla

The dermis is composed largely of

dense irregular connective tissue.

Projections of loose connective tissue from the dermis, which extend upward between the adjacent ridges of the epidermis, are called

dermal papillae

The highly vascular layer of the skin, which provides thermoregulation via changing blood flow, is the

dermis

When the body is overheated, the skin responds by

dilating blood vessels.

As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface,

they die

The type of burn that injures the hypodermis, deeper tissues, and organs is a(n)

third-degree burn

Melanin serves to protect cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis from

ultraviolet radiation

Epidermal cells synthesize this vitamin when exposed to sunlight.

vitamin D