Anatomy Lecture #13
Since the target organs of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone are organs of the female reproductive system, males do not produce them.
false
Somatostatin has the primary role of inhibiting the secretion of the other adrenal hormones.
false
Specific chemical-releasing factors are responsible for the release of antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin into the blood.
false
Testosterone is produced by the seminiferous tubules. Testosterone is classified chemically as a protein.
false
The endocrine system is considered a very efficient system because virtually every hormone molecule produced finds its target cell receptor.
false
The pituitary is attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk termed the pars intermedia.
false
The two lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by the infundibulum.
false
Thymosin is a major reproductive hormone.
false
Hormones produced by the pancreatic islets affect the body's use of:
glucose
The vascular link between the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis is known as the:
hypophyseal portal system.
Which of the following is not a general function of the neuroendocrine system?
impulse conduction
Steroids are typically able to pass easily through a target cell's plasma membrane because they are:
lipid-soluble
The first step in the renin-angiotensin mechanism is:
the juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes renin into the blood in response to a fall in the blood pressure within the kidney.
Which of the following is not true of steroid hormones?
they are derived from fatty acid molecules
Chemically, steroid hormones are derived from the cholesterol molecule.
true
Epinephrine and norepinephrine can bind to sympathetic effectors to prolong and enhance the effects of the autonomic nervous system.
true
Hormones that are antagonistic to each other are able to 'fine tune' the activity of the target cell with great accuracy.
true
One difference between T3 and T4 is the number of iodine atoms attached to the molecule.
true
Parathyroid hormone causes the kidney to retain calcium and excrete phosphate.
true
Protein hormones, glycoprotein hormones, and peptide hormones all contain amino acids.
true
Sex hormones are produced by the ovaries, testes, and adrenal glands.
true
Steroid hormones frequently travel in the bloodstream attached to soluble plasma proteins
true
The 'lock-and-key' mechanism allows hormones to bind only with target cells that have receptors that 'fit' them exactly.
true
The endocrine and nervous systems both exhibit control via regulatory feedback loops.
true
The heart contains cells that produce a hormone.
true
The pineal gland appears to function to support the body's biological clock
true
The specific role of cAMP is to activate kinases.
true
The targets for tropic hormones are usually other endocrine glands.
true
Psychosomatic relationships between human body systems and the brain have been proven not to exist.
false
The immediate event that occurs when a steroid hormone enters a cell is:
the binding to a receptor inside the cell
Glucagon, produced by beta cells, tends to promote the movement of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids out of the blood and into tissue cells
false
Growth hormone and insulin are synergistic hormones
false
Growth of the ovarian follicle typically occurs because of:
FSH
Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone is characteristic of a condition known as Graves' disease.
false
Glucagon is secreted by the beta cells in the pancreatic islets.
false
Which of the following nonsteroidal hormones binds to receptors associated with a DNA molecule within the nucleus of the target cell?
Triiodothyronine
The neurohypophysis serves as a storage and release site for:
antidiuretic hormone
Which of the following statements is false?
cells can have receptors for hormones or for neurotransmitters, but not for both.
The common molecule from which all steroidal hormones are derived is:
cholestrol
Which of the following is not a source of nonsteroid hormones?
cholestrol
Calcitonin is a hypercalcemic hormone in children.
false
Cortisone is the only glucocorticoid that is known to be secreted in humans.
false
Endocrine glands release their hormones into ducts that eventually empty into the circulatory system.
false
Epinephrine is secreted by the adrenal cortex.
false
When a small amount of one hormone allows a second hormone which is secreted later to have its full effect, the phenomenon is called:
permissiveness
Which hormones are produced by the hypothalamus to control the activity of the adenohypophysis?
releasing horomones
The principal action of thyrotropin-releasing hormone is stimulating the:
secretion of TSH
The mineralocorticoids of the adrenal cortex primarily regulate or influence:
sodium potassium and hydrogen balance
The hormone most likely to cause a shift from glucose catabolism to fat catabolism is:
somatotroprin
Which of the following is not a word typically used to describe hormone interactions?
suppression