anatomy nervous system test
Sally has a brain injury; she knows what she wants to say but can't vocalize the words. The part of her brain that deals with the ability to speak is the:
Broca's area
Neuron that conducts nerve impulses both toward and away from the cell body
C
dura mater
C
unipolar neuron
C
arachnoid mater
D
parieto-occipital sulcus
D
ventral horn
D
arachnoid mater
E
lateral sulcus
E
pia mater
E
The metabolic center of the neuron is indicated by
Label D
immediately after an action potential is propagated, which one of the following ions rapidly diffuses out of the cell into the tissue fluid _____.
Potassium
How does a transient ischemic attack (TIA) differ from a cerebrovascular accident (CVA stroke)?
Temporary restriction of blood flow to the brain results in a TIA; this even can last 5 to 50 minutes and result in numbness, temporary paralysis, and impaired speech. When blood flow to a particular brain area is blocked, a stroke has occurred. As a result, brain tissue dies. Symptoms of a stroke may include paralysis on one side of the body. [answer A]
cerebrospinal fluid is reabsorbed into venous blood in the dural sinuses via the _____.
arachnoid granulations
Loss of muscle coordination results from damage to the:
cerebellum
hemiplegia and aphasia characterize those patients who have experienced a ____.
cerebrovascular accident (CVA), or stroke
from the choices below, identify the correct order in which nerves exit the spinal cord, from superior to inferior.
cervical spinal nerves, thoracic spinal nerves, lumbar spinal nerves, sacral spinal nerves
The major role of the interneuron (association neuron) is to ________.
connect motor and sensory neurons in their pathways
cerebral spinal fluid circulates through all of the following except _____.
corpus callosum
identify which physiological effects below results from activation of the parasympathetic nervous system.
decreased heart rate
which of the following statements about aging is most accurate?
despite some neuronal loss, an unlimited number of neural pathways are available and ready to be developed; therefore, additional learning can occur throughout life
Which of the following is favored by the parasympathetic nervous system?
digestion
which of the following represents the correct sequence form outermost to innermost layers of the meninges?
dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
from the choices below, choose the correct order of connective tissues sheaths, going from outermost to innermost layer?
epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium
A stroke in the primary motor area has caused Jane to lose control over her skeletal muscles on the right side of his body. What lobe of his brain was damaged?
frontal lobe
Unlike the somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system _____.
has a chain of two motor neurons
The two major functional properties of neurons are
irritability and conductivity
the cerebrospinal fluid _____.
is continually formed mostly by the choroid plexuses
the neural processes that convert incoming messages toward the cell body are indicated by
label a
the hypothalamus is the "emotional-visceral" center of the brain and, thus, is an important part of the _____.
limbic system
the blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of ____.
metabolic waste such as urea
Neurons with several processes branching off the cell body, such as motor neurons and interneurons, are structurally classified as:
multipolar
Impulse conduction is fastest in neurons that are
myelinated
The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the
parasympathetic nervous system
During the resting state, a neuron is:
polarized with sodium ions outside the cell and potassium ions inside the cell
from the choices below, identify the correct order of events in a reflex arc.
receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector
a special group of neurons in the brain stem that plays a role in consciousness and the awake/sleep cycles is the ____.
reticular activating system (RAS)
after polarization, ____ ions are pumped out of the cell.
sodium
neutrons either conduct action potentials along the length of their axons, or they remain at rest. this statement best describes _____.
the all-or-none response
Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in ________.
the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord
Sympathetic division fibers leave the spinal cord in the _____.
thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine
Rick quickly pulled his hand away from the hot stove. This reflex is best known as a(n) ________.
withdrawal reflex
central sulcus
A
multipolar neuron
A
skull
A
choose which of the following is the correct order of events during a nerve impulse conduction.
2, 1, 4, 3
Sensory neurons in some special sense organs
B
bipolar neuron
B
dorsal root ganglion
B
periosteum of skull
B
pre-central gyrus
B
