anatomy semester 1
the deepest layer of the serous membrane covering the outer surface of the heart is
visceral pericardium
the gel like substance housed in the postieroior segment of the eye is the
vitreous humor
11) What is the major function of the lymphatic system? A) return leaked fluids back to the cardiovascular system B) produce offspring C) eliminate nitrogen-containing metabolic wastes from the body D) break down food into absorbable units E) secrete hormones to regulate body processes such as growth and reproduction
A
13) An acid is a molecule that releases (donates) ________. A) protons (hydrogen ions) B) hydroxyl ions C) neutrons D) electrons
A
20) The hypothalamus makes two hormones, ________ and ________, that are stored by the posterior pituitary. A) oxytocin; antidiuretic hormone (ADH) B) cortisol; aldosterone C) growth hormone; prolactin D) antidiuretic hormone (ADH); prolactin
A
33) The epigastric region is ________ to the right hypochondriac region of the abdominopelvic cavity. A) medial B) superior C) dorsal D) lateral
A
9) The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ________ an atom contains. A) protons B) neutrons C) protons and neutrons D) neutrons and electrons
A
17) The femoral region is ________ to the crural region. A) superior (proximal) B) inferior (distal) C) anterior D) lateral
Answer: A
10) Compounds that contain carbon-hydrogen bonding are collectively termed ________ compounds. A) electrolytic B) organic C) inorganic D) acidic
B
13) Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activities of the ________. A) pineal gland B) anterior pituitary gland C) adrenal gland D) posterior pituitary gland E) thyroid gland
B
14) Proteins are synthesized from ________ during synthesis reactions. A) monosaccharides B) amino acids C) glycerol and fatty acids D) nucleotides
B
17) Unsaturated fatty acid chains contain one or more ________ bonds between carbon atoms. A) peptide B) double C) triple D) monosaccharide
B
20) The central region of the thoracic cavity containing the heart is called the ________. A) pleural cavity B) mediastinum C) quadrant D) visceral cavity
B
23) Cortisone and cortisol are types of ________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland. A) mineralocorticoids B) glucocorticoids C) sex hormones D) catecholamines
B
7) The pleura and pericardium are examples of ________ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior. A) mucous B) serous C) cutaneous D) synovial
B
8) The most common element in the human body is ________. A) carbon B) oxygen C) hydrogen D) nitrogen
B
11) The hormone that stimulates follicle development by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is ________. A) luteinizing hormone (LH) B) prolactin C) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D) progesterone E) antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C
25) Ventral is a directional term synonymous with ________ in humans. A) posterior B) dorsal C) anterior D) medial
C
3) The movement of ions across plasma membranes is an example of ________. A) radiant energy B) chemical energy C) electrical energy D) mechanical energy E) potential energy
C
30) The orbital cavities house the ________. A) mouth B) nose C) eyes D) ears
C
32) The majority of the liver and the gallbladder are situated in the ________ region of the abdominopelvic cavity. A) right lumbar B) left hypochondriac C) right hypochondriac D) right iliac (inguinal)
C
6) Most hormones are ________. A) regulated by a positive feedback mechanism B) classified as steroids C) released upon stimulation by other hormones D) controlled by blood levels of ions or nutrients E) able to diffuse through the plasma membrane of their target cells
C
15) Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called ________. A) monosaccharides B) triglycerides C) steroids D) polysaccharides
D
17) The endocrine gland most closely associated with the hypothalamus is the ________. A) thymus B) pineal gland C) thyroid gland D) pituitary gland
D
18) The target organ of thyrotropic hormone (TH), or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is the ________ gland. A) adrenal B) pineal C) pituitary D) thyroid
D
22) Jerome plays football and recently broke a bone in the tarsal region. This region is in the ________. A) calf B) thigh C) groin D) ankle E) wrist
D
22) Mineralocorticoids regulate the concentration of ________ and ________ ions in our blood. A) iron; magnesium B) calcium; phosphorus C) water; glucose D) sodium; potassium
D
30) Which region is associated with the lower limb? A) brachial B) antebrachial C) axillary D) popliteal E) sacral
D
5) An atom of magnesium has lost two electrons. It is known as a(n) ________. A) anion B) molecule C) isotope D) cation E) neutral atom
D
9) Which of these anterior pituitary hormones regulates the activity of the cortex region of the adrenal gland? A) thyrotropic hormone (thyroid-stimulating hormone, or TSH) B) prolactin C) growth hormone (GH) D) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) E) luteinizing hormone (LH)
D
a neuron transmitter that simulates the skeletal muscle
acetylchlorine
why are calcium ions necessary for skeletal muscle contraction
calcium triggers the binding of myosin to actin
a sarcomere
contractile unit between the z discs
a type of cell junction, anchors ajacent cells together and prevents cells from being pulled apart
desmosomes
the greatest visual acuity is housed in the
fovea centralis
the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell is called
sarcolemma
which of the following is composed of myosin proteins
thick filaments
Cross bridges are created when myosin heads bind to ________.
thin filaments