Anatomy Week 2 Activity

The most abundant element essential to life is: A. Carbon B. Oxygen C. Hydrogen D. Nitrogen

A. Carbon

A weak acid: A. Dissociates very little in solution B. Dissociates almost completely in solution C. Will cause the pH of the solution to rise above 7 D. Does both B and C

A. Dissociates very little in solution

As the concentration of hydrogen ions increase, the pH goes _____, and the solution becomes more _______. A. Down;acidic B. Down; alkaline C. Up;acidic D. Up;alkaline

A. Down; acidic

An atom can be described as chemically inert if its outermost electron shell contains _____ electrons. A. Eight B. Nine C. Two D. Both A and C are correct

A. Eight

As a result of which reaction during catabolism is a water molecule added to break a larger compound into smaller subunits? A. Hydrolysis B. Dehydration synthesis C. Anabolism D. Exchange reaction

A. Hydrolysis

The atomic number tells you: A. Number of protons in the nucleus B. Number of neutrons in the nucleus C. Number of electrons D. Weight of the atom

A. Number of protons in the nucleus

Acids A. Release hydrogen ions B. Have a pH above 7 C. Take up hydroxyl ions D. Release hydrogen ions and have pH above 7

A. Release hydrogen ions

The type of chemical reaction most likely to require energy is a(n) _____ reaction. A. Synthesis B. Decomposition C. Exchange D. All of the above reactions are equally likely to require energy

A. Synthesis

A force holding two atoms together is a(n): A. Isotope B. Chemical bond C. Energy shell D. Isomer

B. Chemical bond

Chemical bonds formed by sharing of electrons are called: A. Ionic B. Covalent C. Hydrogen D. Isotopic

B. Covalent

The element oxygen has an atomic number of 8, which means it contains: A. Four protons and four neutrons B. Eight protons C. Eight neutrons D. Four protons and four electrons

B. Eight protons

A substance that cannot be broken down or decomposed into two or more different substances is called a(n): A. Atom B. Element C. Compound D. Isotope

B. Element

What decomposition reaction requires the addition of a water molecule to break a bond? A. Dehydration synthesis B. Hydrolysis C. Catalysis D. Disulfide linkage

B. Hydrolysis

Atoms with fewer than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability. This tendency is called the: A. Atomic rule B. Octet rule C. Electrovalent rule D. Tertiary rule

B. Octet ruke

Hydrogen bonds result from unequal charge distribution on a molecule. Such molecules are said to be A. Non polar B. Polar C. Covalent D. Ionic

B. Polar

The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen needed to form water is an example of a: A. Hydrogen bond B. Synthesis reaction C. Decomposition reaction D. None of the above is correct

B. Synthesis reaction

Electrolytes are: A. Organic compounds B. Called cations if they have a negative charge C. Called cations if the have a positive charge D. Both A and B

C. Called cations if they have a positive charge

A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between the outer shells of two atoms is called a(n) _____ bond. A. Ionic B. Hydrogen C. Covalent D. None of the above

C. Covalent

Acids, bases, and salts belong to a large group of compounds called: A. Polar molecules B. Organic compounds C. Electrolytes D. Non electrolytes

C. Electrolytes

An element that contains the same number of protons but different number of neutrons is called a(n): A. Ion B. Isomer C. Isotope D. Bond

C. Isotope

For sodium to transform from a neutral atom to a positive ion, it must: A. Gain an electron B. Gain a proton C. Lose an electron D. Lose a proton

C. Lose an electron

What term is used to describe all of the chemical reactions that occur in body cells? A. Catabolism B. Anabolism C. Metabolism D. Morphism

C. Metabolism

Which subatomic particles carry a charge? A. Protons and neutrons B. Neutrons and electrons C. Protons and electrons D. Neutrons only

C. Protons and electrons

The total number of electrons in neutral atoms equals the number of: A. Neutrons orbiting the atom B. Protons plus the number of neutrons in its nucleus C. Protons in its nucleus D. Ions in its nucleus

C. Protons in its nucleus

Which of the following is not a subatomic particle? A. Proton B. Electron C. Radon D. Neutron

C. Radon

Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the: A. Sharing of electrons between molecules B. Donation of protons from one atom to another C. Transfer of electrons from one atom to another D. Acceptance of neutrons from one atom by another

C. Transfer of electrons from one atom to another

The elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up which percentage of the human body? A. 50% B. 69% C. 78% D. 96%

D. 96%

Salts: A. Can form as a result of a chemical reaction between acids and bases B. Are electrolytes C. Will form crystals if the water is removed D. All of the above is correct

D. All of the above is correct

As the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) increases, the: A. Solution becomes more basic B. Solution becomes more acidic C. pH rises D. Both A and C are correct

D. Both A and C are correct

Hydrolysis _____ a water molecule. A. Joins compounds by removing B. Breaks down compounds by removing C. Joins compounds by adding D. Breaks down compounds by adding

D. Breaks down compounds by adding

Which type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of a complex substance into two or more simpler substances? A. Exchange reaction B. Synthesis reaction C. Reversible reaction D. Decomposition reaction

D. Decomposition reaction

A molecule that is polar; A. Can form a hydrogen bond B. Must be ionic C. Has unequal charge D. Is both A and C

D. Is both A and C

The water molecule has two distinct ends, each with a partial electrical charge. Because of this structure, water is said to be: A. Liquid B. Solvent C. Neutralized D. Polar

D. Polar