Ancient Japan

Japan got its name from Chinese word "_____" which means " land of the ____ "

- " ri-ben" - "rising sun"

Historically, the Japanese have lived on the __ largest islands 1. 2. 3. 4.

- 4 - Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

Japan is made up of _____ islands which makes it an archipelago; ____ miles long

- 4,000 - 1,200

Shogun

- A high ranking military commander in Japan

Daimyo

- A powerful samurai who controlled many other samurai and governed large areas of farmland in Japan

Typhoon

- A tropical storm with heavy winds and rough seas

Some Buddhist rituals became Shinto rituals and some Shinto gods and goddesses were worshiped in ____

- Buddhist temples

Goal was to study _____

- Chinese civilization

Tokugawa Dynasty

- Dynasty established by Tokugawa Ieyasu

__ was extremely important; __ in ___ was frowned upon

- Etiquette - laughing - public

____: period of Japanese history where the country was dominated by powerful regional families (____) and ruled militarily by the _____

- Feudalism - daimyo - shogun

Shinto:

- Four Affirmations -1. tradition and the family -2. love of nature -3. physical cleanliness -4. "matsuri" (worship)

Became know as the ___ (794-1185)

- Heian period

Worshipers believed in "___" or divine spirits that dwelled in nature

- Kami

_____ brought Buddhism; was officially accepted by Japanese imperial court in mid-___'s

- Korean travelers - 700

______ are in short supply ( coal, oil, iron ore)

- Natural resources

In the late 700s, the imperial court moved from ___ to ___

- Nora - Heian

Feudalism

- Political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service

____ (a Buddhist convert) sent first of three missions to China

- Prince Shotoku

Samurais

- Samurais provided and shoguns were military leaders - Shoguns controlled Japan's international trade - Shoguns wanted some contact with the outside world

Beliefs combined to form Japan's earliest religion: ____

- Shinto

Japan's Religions:

- Shinto - Buddhism

The Japanese adopted the following Chinese ideas: 1.___ 2.___ 3.___ 4.___ 5.___ 6.___ 7.___ (failed in Japan)

- Style of writing - Landscape painting - Cooking - Gardening - Drinking Tea - Hairdressing - Civil-service system

____ clan established as the clan by 400 A.D.

- Yamato

Japan has ___ ideas, institutions, and culture ____ for thousands of years

- borrowed - from China

When one clan was defeated, the winning clan ___ of the emperor

- claimed control

Japan lies just ____ of _____

- east -China

Yamato chiefs called themselves ___; gradually accepted into Japanese culture

- emperors

Interest in Buddhist ideas grew into ___ all things ____

- enthusiasm for - Chinese

The emperor was the ___ at the top of Japanese society

- figure head

Lady Murasaki's The Tale of Genji is considered the world's _____

- first novel

Each clan worshiped its own ___ and ____

- gods - goddesses

Due to ___, Japanese history can only be traced back a little over 2,000 years. Japan's culture _____ from the Chinese and soon made their culture their own.

- lack of written records - borrowed heavily

Heian period would be challenged by great ____ and clan ____

- land owners - chiefs

Southern Japan has a ___ with plenty of___

- mild climate - rainfall

Japan is very ___; roughly only ___% of the land is suitable for farming

- mountainous - 12

Buddhism spread but Japanese ____ Shinto

- never abandoned

Many of Japan's _____ moved to Heian as well

- noble families

Japanese culture is ____ as China's but is still very rich and unique

- not as old

During 1st century B.C., Japan was _____ as a nation; hundreds of ___ controlled their own territories

- not unified - clans

Landowners acted as more independent rulers and set up ____

- private armies

By the 1200s, the shoguns headquartered in Kamakura ruled through ___ which lasted until 1868 in Japan

- puppet emperors

Samurai were expected to show _____ and die an honorable death

- reckless courage

Shinto was based on ___ for forces of ___ and worship of ______

- respect - nature - ancestors

Rules dictated every aspect of court life (color of __, length of ____, etc.)

- robe - sword

Landowners (daimyo) surrounded themselves with loyal bodyguards called ____

- samurai

If dishonored, Samurai could earn honor back by ___; ritualistic ___

- seppuku - suicide

Often the shogun, or "____" had powers of a military dictator; real power of Japan

- supreme general of the emperor's army

Small landowners ____ parts of their ___ to strong warlords for ___ which began the feudal system in Japan

- traded - land - protection

Tropical storms called ___ can occur during late summer and early fall

- typhoons

Shinto meant "____"

- way of the gods

The best written accounts of Heian life come from diaries, essays, and novels written by the ____

- women of the court

Everyone at court was expected to ___ and to ____

- write poetry - paint

Japanese culture is very old, however first ____ only date back to ___ Century B.C.

- written records - 1st

Feudal Society:

-1. Emperor -2. Shogun -3. Diamyos -4. Samuria -5. Ronin -6. Peasants -7. Artisans -8. Merchants

Samurai

-A member of the Japanese warrior class

Aristocrat

-A person who is a member of a high social class

____ and ___ waves are also dangerous threats to the islands

-Earthquakes -tidal

Tokugawa Ieyasu

-First shogun of the Tokugawa dynasty of Japan who also began a policy of isolation

Toyotomi Hideyoshi

-Japanese general who united Japan after civil war

Kyoto

-a major city in Japan

Osaka

-a major city in Japan

Nagasaki

-a port city in Japan and the site of the second atomic bomb dropped in war, on August 9

Edo

-the Japanese shogun capital, renamed Tokyo