ANTH 1003 - Final Exam Study Set

The Art of Seeing has 4 steps: 1. ______________ is to see how we see the world, recognizing our own taken-for-granted assumptions, and be able to set them aside. 2. ______________ is to see the larger cultural, social, economic, historical, and political forces that shape our everyday lives. 3. _______________ is paying close attention to the smallest details and understanding their significance. 4. ______________ is piecing all of this together to see how everything we can see interacts from a from a holistic viewpoint.

1. Seeing our own seeing 2. Seeing big 3. Seeing small 4. Seeing it all

Which of the following is an example of a struggle over cultural citizenship?

A cultural minority demanding acceptance and inclusion without assimilation into the dominant culture

What is a commodity chain, according to Wallerstein?

A map of the labor and production processes that went into creating a product

What does the idea of the noble savage mean?

A misconception that some indigenous groups are more childlike, innocent, and free from the evils of civilization

Why is an explanatory model important to diagnose patients?

A patient's symptoms may not fit the described category of an illness so physicians need to understand the patient's own understanding and worldview of illness.

What does anthropology contribute to our understanding of technology

A perspective on how cultural practices shift as new technologies are adopted Insights into how power shapes the production and distribution of information Analysis on how access to how technology affects forms of equity in society Understanding on how technology shapes or deters social connections

What is Prevention Through Deterrence?

A set of policies and strategies used to push illegal immigration traffic to the Sonoran Desert

Which of the following is an example of Pierre Bourdieu's concept 'habitus'?

A teacher treating a slouching student who sits low in their desk as a less intelligent student

In Camara Jones' video about the cliff of good health, what does the presence of the fence, net, and ambulance represent?

Access to health care including preventative care, early treatments, and emergent care

In the U.S. in the 1920s, who was considered white?

All people with northwestern European ancestry

How does Aimee Cox think about her role as a public scholar?

As an African American female studying African American females, she is both part of the group but also outside because she is studying the group

In Audra Simpson's "Mohawk Interruptus", why does Simpson think crossing the US/Canada border with an Indian ID card is important?

Because Haudenosuanee have a right, according to the Jay Treaty, to free passage across the border.

Why does Lucas Bessire, in the excerpt form "Behold the Black Caiman," say that the uncontacted Ayoreo are "hyper-visible"?

Because even though they live isolated in the rain forest, people and groups from around the world are constantly aware of them either as fascinating objects of study or as threats to the progress of ranching.

Why are indigenous people working to preserve their languages?

Because language contains cultural concepts and ways of thinking

What is the effect of our beliefs and expectations?

Beliefs can have an effect on how we behave how we treat others and how we interact in society Dominant beliefs in a society can influence social structures and social institutions from raising children to teaching biology

In the reading "The Egg and the Sperm", how did biology texts describe the process of reproduction?

Biology, as a field created by humans, sometimes incorporates cultural conceptions of gender into explanations about reproductive processes

Does social media increase or decrease equality, democracy, and open communication?

Both, because access and the algorithms can limit who can speak and how people listen, but also the open platform can connect people across spacial and temporal barriers

What are some ways race has been categorized or measured historically?

By measuring skulls and other body parts Through taxonomic distinctions based on generalized colors and geographical regions Through ideas of ancestry and reproduction in which certain qualities of merit are linked to heredity

In your reading "How We Make the World" and in the Lecture on Globalization, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank (WB) were mentioned. What has been some of the effects of these institutions on so called "developing" countries?

Countries that were previously colonized tended to rely on exporting raw materials. When something effects the prices of those resources countries go into debt and need to borrow money. Many turn to the IMF or WB to borrow money. When the IMF and WB loan money they also require that countries adjust their policies which often includes privatizing nationalized resources such as mines or removing any duties or tariffs that protect local industries. These adjustments open up countries' economies to competition from corporations who can often out-compete local industries When the IMF and WB loan money they also charge interest on the loans. Often the interest is higher than the loan making it harder for countries to pay back and pushing them further into debt

In "Another Life is Possible", how does Sojoyner define black fugivity?

Creative practices of refusal that serve as counterweight to and a conduit out of multiple forms of violence experienced, especially within enclosed places.

Match the following concepts from Bourdieu with their definitions Cultural Capital- Social Capital- Economic Capital-

Cultural Capital- What you know about society and it's tastes Social Capital- people you know in society Economic Capital- wealth or assets you own

What is the difference between a cultural category of gender and a subjective experience?

Cultural categories are ideas about gender specific to a certain culture. Subjective experience is how an individual understands their gender. An individual may draw on existing cultural categories to explain their subjective experience.

____________________ is the feeling of disorientation experienced by someone who is suddenly subjected to an unfamiliar culture

Culture Shock

How does anthropology provide insights into financial institutions?

Culture effects the values and practices of the people who operate financial institutions, which in turn shapes how they set up and run those financial institutions

How many genders are there?

Different cultures have different ideas about how many genders there are

Which is an example of parole

Greeting someone by saying "sup"

What was something interesting Michael Wesch ate while living in the village in New Guinea?

He ate a snake that was caught in the wild as well as the rodent that was inside the snake

An example of Clifford Geertz's "thick description" would be to focus on:

How people in a given culture communicate sarcasm through slight changes in vocal tone and body language

How do Tombois in West Sumatra express their identities?

In relationships they tend to pay for things or perform masculine roles while their ceweks do things like cooking Tombois smoke cigarettes play cards make crude jokes and wear baggy pants and shirts

Why is it misleading to label all other religions based on "what they believe"?

In some religions faith and belief are irrelevant In some languages there is not a word for belief In some cultures religion is a full part of everyday life not separated into a belief.

What external forces might impact culture?

International economic relationships Local wars and conflicts Arms supplies being traded for political favors Frequent migration to and from a region Concepts used by others to understand and explain cultural customs

How can the cultural model help understand your own culture?

It can be used to better understand how something like Miley Cyrus twerking is related to American beliefs about the individual as well as the economics behind the pop culture business

What does Lila Abu-Lughod think about the burqa?

It is a cultural specific type of covering that some women in Afghanistan developed to extend a sense of privacy outside their homes It is not as important in understanding the US's engagement in Afghanistan as the history and politics of the region

How is kinship understood in anthropology today?

Kinship is used to analyze both relationships through blood and marriage and connections beyond genealogical charts

In Europe, when did marriage become closely associated with romantic love?

Late 18th century

Cultural anthropology is one subfield of anthropology. What is one other subfield?

Linguistic Anthropology Biological/ Physical Anthropology Archaeology

What does it mean to say that cultural symbols are intersubjective?

Meaning is created between a shared understanding of what a cultural symbol may mean, and knowing that others know it too.

The author, Michael Wesch, talks about his hatred for country music. For him, what was the source of this hatred that led him to understand something deeper about why we hate?

Michael Wesch was rejecting the characteristics, values, beliefs, ideas and ideals he associated with people who did like country music

Why do some scholars connect NAFTA to increased legal and illegal immigration across the US/Mexico border?

NAFTA allowed subsidized corn and other food products from the US out compete Mexican corn thus putting many farmers out of business NAFTA enabled US corporations to set up factors in Mexico in order to use cheaper labor with less regulations which then prevented economic development locally

How did the Tiv interpret Ophelia's drowning in the reading "Shakespeare in the Bush"?

Ophelia drowned because of Laertes' witchcraft which he probably used because he lost too much money from living wild

_______________ is the hallmark method of anthropology. It involves joining in with other people to move closer to their experience and understand them with depth and detail.

Participant Observation

In Michael Wesch's "There are No Accidents", Farmer, Kim, and Dahl continually came back to the idea of the O for the P, or the "preferential option for the poor". What does this mean?

Poor people should get more than jsut the bare essentials and instead receive the same healthcare as the wealthy.

How does Dorothy Roberts explain the connection between race and health?

Race is a bad proxy for other factors such as genetics or physical make-up.

Which of the following is an example of one of Michael Parenti's categories of INDIRECT Bias?

Referring to protestors as "rioters" Writing a story about the clean-up of an oil spill but not discussing what caused the oil spill

The model of culture used in the reading by Michael Wesch has 3 levels. Match each element with the correct level. Superstructure- Social Structure- Infrastructure-

Superstructure- religious beliefs and values Social Structure- church organizations and rules on who can be a minister Infrastructure- tax exemptions for religious organizations and tithing

In Bali, growing rice and religion are deeply connected. How does the Bali cosmology effect visions of time and space?

Temples mark the irrigation channels along the rice terraces A complex system of three calendars guides the rice planting cycles

What is the role of "blood" in Kath Weston's argument about the historic emergence of visible LGBTQ families?

The act of coming out of the closet often threatened alienation from an individual's "blood" family, thereby showing that "blood ties" may actually be less strong/enduring than friendship and other forms of social bonding

Which of the following are true about the Haudenosuanee Confederacy?

The consist of 5 (and later 6) different nations that untied to make peaceful decisions together. Their name means people of the long house which is a representation of their culture and social structure

What influences how individuals might express their gender?

The existing cultural categories available to that individual The influence of national policies that create rights for people based on gender International and transnational discourses about gender and sexuality Personal experiences and understandings of what gender is

What does Lila Abu-Lughod think are some of the most important factors in understanding the situation in Afghanistan?

The history and politics of the region, including international influences

What is the connection between race and the physical body?

The impact of racism within a society can directly impact a person's health or physical body

According to the mini-lecture by Emily Yates-Doerr, why might a Guatemalan not choose to eat vegetables?

The vegetables are sprayed with foreign pesticides The vegetables are washed with contaminated water

What was something culturally different about Michael Wesch's experience playing basketball in New Guinea?

The villagers used a base-27 counting system which was signaled by touching parts of their whole upper body. The villagers wanted to stop the game once the teams had tied.

What do the Karuk think about forest fires in California?

They are part of the Karuk's eco-cultural practices and when done correctly can manage and benefit the environment

What is at stake for those that code-switch

Those that code-switch may have to hide their true identities in certain situations Those that fail to properly code switch may be at risk for failing to get a promotion not being recognized in school or even face violence

Why does Horace Miner write about the Nacirema?

To demonstrate how to apply an anthropological lens to one's own culture

Which is an example of cultural relativism?

Understanding the logic of a cultural practice based on the worldview of that culture

According to Dr. Sreenath, what are some ways that caste is expressed or performed in Bangalore.

Upper caste people give old or rotten food to lower caste garbage pickers upper caste people won't touch lower caste people

How could you characterize Daniel Kish's experience of realizing he was "blind" in the reading from "Becoming Ourselves"?

When he met another blind kid at school and the students started treating him differently he started to understand the social construction of blindness

What type of question might a critical race theory scholar seek to explore?

Why do African American women in the U.S. statistically earn less pay for equal jobs compared to white males?

Which of the following describes ethnocentrism

considering one's own culture as the only right way to be

What does it mean to practice pîkyav?

creating collaborative research projects that support Karuk philosophies and practices including eco-cultural restoration.

The increase availability and use of cars led to a driving culture which influenced the ability for affluent families to move to the suburbs and an increase in garages built up in the front of houses instead of front porches. This is an example of ___________.

entanglement

What did Michel Foucault mean by "making things more fragile"?

expose what appears obvious and inevitable as contingent upon the historical and cultural conditions that led to them

What might be a risk of being a public anthropologist?

research participants may disagree about how they want to be involved creating a dilemma for the researcher

What are some of the effects of increased global consumption of quinoa?

small farmers and farm cooperatives in places like Bolivia were able to earn a profit from a crop that they were already growing New farmers cultivated the Bolivian low lands and used tractors and fertilizers to outproduce and compete with small farmers growing on the hillsides.

Which of the following is an example of structural power?

some countries such as Zambia operate copper mines at a loss because the mine has been privatized and owned by a transnational corporation

What are some ways accessibility should be considered around technology

the cost of technology the infrastructure that supports the existence of technology in different areas how technology effects people from different backgrounds or with different identities how technology can be used by people with differing abilities and mobilities the effects of biases and assumptions of the people who create technology

In the "Power of Language" reading, Michael Wesch initially has difficulty saying hello in the local Paupa New Guinea language because

the local language used directional terms in its grammar which was unfamiliar to Wesch

What are three concerns that emerge when anthropologists begin to think about being a public anthropologist

the relevance of their research for other people or the world the audience of their research beyond academics their relationship with their research participants