Anthropology Unit 1
Archaeologists believe that the first humans came to the New World from __________.
Asia
Why do some archaeologists question the validity of interpreting the behaviors of Paleolithic people based on the activities of contemporary foraging populations?
Contemporary foragers live in marginal environments, whereas ancient populations may have lived in more abundant environments.
The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by __________.
Darwin and Wallace
Anthropology, a scientific discipline, has no relationship with history, a humanistic discipline.
False
Cultural anthropologists, unlike sociologists, do not use statistics to analyze social behavior.
False
Even in the nineteenth century, anthropologists were aware of the dangers of ethnocentric beliefs and carefully promoted objective interpretations of other societies.
False
Linguistic anthropologists are concerned with discovering how sites and middens are formed and what can be learned from studying these ancient structures.
False
One of the most important tool types invented by Homo erectus was the __________.
Hand Axe
The Acheulian stone tool technology is associated with which early hominin?
Homo erectus
An anthropologist would agree with which of the following statements concerning ethnocentrism?
It is not appropriate to judge another society by the values and standards of one's own society.
Fossil and archaeological evidence suggests that the first hominins to practice intentional burial of their dead were __________.
Neandertals
The earliest stone tools, which have been found in south and east Africa, are called __________ tools.
Oldowan
Cultural anthropology is the branch of anthropology that studies contemporary societies throughout the world in an attempt to understand human diversity and discover similarities.
True
On any continent, the people living nearest the equator are the most likely to have dark skin.
True
The scientific method is a logical system used to evaluate data derived from systematic observation.
True
The theory of natural selection was arrived at simultaneously and independently by two different scholars
True
Upper Paleolithic people gathered plants to supplement their food resources.
True
Upper Paleolithic people of Europe produced ivory sculptures and mural paintings
True
Which of the following illustrates the way anthropology embraces the social sciences as well as the humanities?
a study concerned with the cultural context of Bedouin poetry
The use of anthropological data to offer practical solutions to problems within a society is called __________.
applied anthropology
The study of past cultures and lifestyles is the goal of __________.
archaeologists
The evolution of primate teeth is a subject studied by __________.
biological anthropologists
Which of the following scientific approaches rely on hypothesis testing?
both inductive and deductive methods
The climate characteristic of environments occupied by Neandertals was __________.
cold
Peter Castro uses his training as a cultural anthropologist to understand which of the following?
conflicts over access to and use of the environment
When a scientist begins with a general theory from which testable hypotheses are developed, he or she is said to be using the __________ method.
deductive
An archaeologist working in applied anthropology might participate in which of the following?
documenting an ancient site threatened by the construction of a new highway
Popular perceptions and misperceptions of other cultures have often been based on __________.
ethnocentrism
Which of the following is a specialization within the discipline of biological anthropology?
forensic anthropology
Research on artifacts found in the remains of slave quarters at an eighteenth-century tobacco plantation in Virginia is an example of __________.
historical archaeology
At the 15,000-year-old site at Mezhirich in the Ukraine, archaeologists have excavated the remains of five shelters made from which of the following?
mammoth bones
The __________ model of hominin evolution suggests that the gradual evolution of Homo erectus into modern human (Homo sapiens) populations took place in different regions of the Old World, not in one area of the world.
multiregional
How are archaeological cultures defined?
on the basis of distinctive artifacts left by prehistoric ethnic groups
A unique research strategy of anthropologists that involves learning the language and culture of a group by participating in the group's daily activities is called __________.
participant observation
A study of the garbage that people throw away may reveal more about their lifestyles than surveys and interviews because __________.
people may not accurately report their behaviors
Scott Atran is a cultural anthropologist whose recent research has focused on which of the following?
political and religious terrorism
Upper Paleolithic hunters increased the power and accuracy of their projectiles by using which of the following?
spear throwers
The people known as classical archaeologists conduct research on __________.
the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome
Bonnie Urciuoli's sociolinguistic research has revealed which of the following?
the connection between speech and ethnicity in regard to how people are perceived
Anthropology is said to be "holistic" because it __________.
uses a multidisciplinary approach