Anthropology Week 9
What term refers to people sharing things with no regard to value or compensation? a. markets b. generalized reciprocity c. potlatch d. redistribution
b
________ refers to ta cultural adaptation to the environment that enables a group of individuals to use the available land, resources, and labor to satisty their needs and to thrive. a. economy b. communism c. Darwinism d. Potlach
a
Which of the following BEST describes the universalist approach to understanding economic processes? a. creates universal rules based on those cultures that are egalitarian b. focuses on the differences between economic assumptions in various cultures c. assumes that economic processes work the same way all over the world d. relies upon fieldwork rather than statistics to understand economic processes
c
Which of the following is an example of redistribution? a. Individuals donating money to a church. b. A person trading a dog to a friend in exchange for a cat. c. Individuals paying taxes to the government for collective social programs. d. A person buying dinner for a friend.
c
As cities and states emerged, there was an increase in demand for higher yields to support growing populations. What did this force farmers to do? a. take on more important roles in government b. work as peasants on small plots of land owned by the state c. own more land in order to grow more crops d. figure out new ways to store surplus
c NOOOO d NOOO a?
The Kula Ring among the Trobriand Islanders, where trading partners pass red shell necklaces or white shell armbands between the islands, is an example of a. a leveling mechanism. b. a currency. c. generalized reciprocity. d. balanced reciprocity.
c NOOOOO d
A market economy is a. a system where the prices are set by supply and demand. b. a redistribution process that occurs in a physical marketplace. c. the use of special-purpose money to purchase goods and services. d. the existence of a social hierarchy where the nobles receive taxes.
a
The primary role of a potlatch is to a. redistribute resources within a community. b. demonstrate the higher social standing of the host community. c. determine who will become the next community leader. d. stimulate the local people to harvest more resources.
a
What do anthropologists believe was the first step in the development of agriculture? a. gatherer-hunters growing plants in areas that were more convenient for them b. horticulturalists practicing slash-and-burn techniques c. pastoralists using a plough to prepare the soil for replanting a pasture d. nomads experimenting with the growing of hybrid plants
a
Planting when the land has a short or no fallow period is known as a. swidden cultivation. b. intensive agriculture. c. horticulture. d. industrial agriculture.
a NOOOO b
The seasonal movement between islands to hunt whale, rivers to catch fish, and woodlands to trap fur-bearing animals is an example of a. task specialization. b. transhumance. c. balanced reciprocity. d. optimal foraging theory.
b
What mode of subsistence have humans practiced for most of their evolutionary history? a. industrialism b. gathering-hunting c. plant cultivation d. pastoralism
b
What term is associated with the complex of characteristics related to industrialization? a. colonialism b. modernity c. globalization d. urbanization
b
Which of the following is NOT associated with globalization? a. the moving of factories to countries such as China and Brazil for cheaper labor b. the rise of the Industrial Age and the growth of local factories c. markets expanding beyond the location where products are manufactured d. the economies of the United States and Western European since the late 1970s
b
If you encountered a nomadic band of people who practiced egalitarianism you would assume that they a. practiced a pastoral subsistence strategy. b. practiced a horticultural subsistence strategy. c. practiced a foraging subsistence strategy. d. practiced an industrial subsistence strategy.
c
Which of the following does NOT describe a gathering and hunting society? a. seminomadic groups of 20-30 people b. egalitarian communities c. centralized social hierarchy d. mobile groups who may move seasonally
c
