AP Chapter 13 terms

huguenots

French calvinists.

annulment

declaration stating that the marriage was never valid or did not happen.

vocation

genuine callings to the priesthood.

jesuits

members of the Society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius Loyola, whose goal was the spread of the Roman Catholic faith.

anti-clericalism

opposition of the clergy(Church)

seminary

college that prepares students to be priests, ministers, or rabbis.

excommunications

(recant) or be excluded from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church.

Index of Forbidden Books

Catalouge of forbidden reading that included works by Christian humanists such as Erasmus as well as by protestants.

politique

Catholic and Protestant moderates who held that only a strong monarchy could save France from total colapse.

Justification by Faith

Luther´s belief that salvation and justification came through faith. His understanding is often summarized as ¨faith alone, grace alone, Scripture alone.¨

calvinism

Protestant theological system by John Calvin and developed Lutherś doctrine of justification of faith alone and emphasizes the grace of God and the doctrine of predestination.

Indulgences

a document issued by the Catholic Church lessening penance or time in purgatory, widely believed to bring forgiveness of sins.

95 Theses

a document written by Martin Luther saying his complaints about the practices of Christianity.

anabaptists

a reformation movement that advocated adult baptism(means rebaptizers)

Heresy/Blasphemy

belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious (especially Christian) doctrine.

sacrament

religious ceremony or act of the Christian Church, visible sign of inward and spiritual divine grace. (Baptism, confirmation, Eucharist, penance, annointing of the sick, ordination, matrimony)

theology

study of the nature of God and religious beliefs

Spanish Armada

the fleet sent by Philip ll of Spain in 1588 against England as a religious Crusade against Protestantism. Weather and the English fleet defeated it.

predestination

the teaching that God has determined the salvation or damnation of individuals based on his will and purpose, not on their merit or works.

pontificate

to speak or express one´s opinion in a way considered annoyingly, pompous and dogmatic

Protestant Reformation

when people were against the practices of Christianity and wanted to change it.