AP Classroom Unit 7-8 Practice Questions

Which of the following approaches to treating psychological disorders includes free association, dream analysis, interpretation, resistance, and transference? A) Psychoanalytic B) Humanistic C) Behavioral D) Cognitive E) Biological

A) Psychoanalytic

Which of the following behavior-therapy techniques is typically used to reduce fear of heights? A) Time-out B) Punishment C) Discrimination learning D) Token economy E) Systematic desensitization

E) Systematic desensitization

A patient with symptoms of depression is working with a psychologist and reports that he has no meaningful relationships and no skills that allow him to make friends. The psychologist determines that the patient's beliefs and lack of interpersonal skills are the primary contributors to his depression. Which of the following treatments is the psychologist most likely to use? A) Cognitive-behavioral therapy B) Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) C) Psychoanalysis D) Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (RTMS) E) Antidepressant medications

A) Cognitive-behavioral therapy

People who habitually wash their hands numerous times before going to bed most likely have A) a compulsion B) a phobia C) an affective disorder D) a conversion disorder E) a panic disorder

A) a compulsion

Multiple personality is a type of A) dissociative disorder B) schizophrenia C) dementia praecox D) bipolar disorder E) manic-depressive psychosis

A) dissociative disorder

A primary goal of humanistic therapy is to have clients A) establish greater congruence between their actual and ideal selves B) eliminate self-defeating thoughts C) rely less on unconscious defense mechanisms D) imitate the therapist's level of assertiveness E) reduce environmental stressors

A) establish greater congruence between their actual and ideal selves

Bernadette has lacked enthusiasm for work and other activities for a number of years. She also has a poor appetite and feels fatigued. Which of the following disorders is most consistent with Bernadette's symptoms? A) Antisocial personality B) Persistent depressive C) Bipolar D) Social anxiety E) Generalized anxiety

B) Persistent depressive

During a therapy session, a client acts very angry toward the therapist, just as she acts toward her mother. A psychoanalytically oriented therapist would say the client's behavior is an example of A) resistance B) transference C) countertransference D) catharsis E) reaction formation

B) transference

Nick cheated in high school in order to maintain his grade point average. When he was caught, he blamed his teacher for not teaching him well enough. As an adult, he is impulsive and aggressive and feels no guilt in lying to get what he wants. These behaviors are most consistent with which of the following disorders? A) Social phobia B) Schizophrenia C) Antisocial personality D) Somatic symptom E) Obsessive-compulsive

C) Antisocial personality

Which of the following treatments would reduce a drinker's dependence on alcohol by changing the positive effect of alcohol to a negative one? A) Systematic desensitization B) Insight therapy C) Aversive conditioning D) Psychoanalysis E) A token economy

C) Aversive conditioning

A psychotherapist who believes that deviant behavior can be traced either to genetic anomalies or to problems in the physical structure of the brain most likely subscribes to which of the following views of abnormality? A) Cognitive B) Behavioral C) Biomedical D) Sociological E) Psychoanalytic

C) Biomedical

Which of the following is a common symptom of the manic phase of bipolar disorder? A) Auditory hallucinations B) A feeling of intense sadness C) Rapid speech D) The presence of two distinct personalities E) Narcolepsy

C) Rapid speech

Behavior therapists emphasize which of the following in their treatment of clients? A) Freedom of choice about the future B) The uncovering of unconscious defense mechanisms C) Responses that have been reinforced in the past D) Early childhood conflicts E) Repressed aggressive impulses

C) Responses that have been reinforced in the past

Delusional thinking is central to which of the following? A) Fugue states B) Panic attacks C) Schizophrenic disorders D) Dissociative disorders E) Affective disorders

C) Schizophrenic disorders

Which of the following is typically cited as a characteristic of autistic children? A) Minor developmental delays in academic achievement B) Above-average performance on tests of creativity C) Severely impaired interpersonal communication D) Tendency to seek younger playmates E) Paranoia comparable with that experienced in schizophrenia

C) Severely impaired interpersonal communication

Shandi has been diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true of Shandi? A) She views herself as unappealing and inferior. B) She is impulsive and irresponsible. C) She has a constant need to be admired. D) She suspects other people are trying to harm her. E) She does not desire close relationships.

C) She has a constant need to be admired.

All of the following are anxiety disorders EXCEPT A) agoraphobia B) posttraumatic stress disorder C) conversion disorder D) obsessive-compulsive disorder E) panic disorder

C) conversion disorder

According to psychoanalytic theory, the bases for the development of mental disorders are A) maladaptive, learned patterns of behavior B) social, economic, and cultural factors C) unconscious conflicts that produce anxiety D) physiological events that cause chemical imbalances in the brain E) inherent moral weakness and lack of willpower

C) unconscious conflicts that produce anxiety

Robert has a persistent fear of having a heart attack in public that has resulted in his not wanting to leave his house. Therefore, he severely limits the time he spends out in public. Robert's condition is most similar to which of the following disorders? A) Social anxiety B) Obsessive-compulsive C) Generalized anxiety D) Agoraphobia E) Separation anxiety

D) Agoraphobia

Token economies are based on which theoretical perspective? A) Psychodynamic B) Humanistic C) Cognitive D) Behavioral E) Gestalt

D) Behavioral

When Betty lost her job, she kept returning to work each morning because she did not remember that she had been fired. She saw a doctor, who found no brain injury or other neurological condition that would prevent her from remembering. Which psychological disorder is Betty most likely experiencing? A) Bipolar disorder B) Schizophrenia C) Obsessive-compulsive disorder D) Dissociative amnesia E) Antisocial personality disorder

D) Dissociative amnesia

Janice has a strong, unreasonable fear of being embarrassed in front of strangers. When she is with others she does not know, she feels extremely insecure and worried. Janice's problems are most consistent with which of the following disorders? A) Generalized anxiety B) Panic C) Obsessive-compulsive D) Social anxiety E) Bipolar

D) Social anxiety

In rational-emotive therapy, the therapist helps clients by A) using unconditional positive regard B) establishing anxiety hierarchies to be used in systematic desensitization C) promoting transference D) confronting clients with their faulty logic E) providing an environment in which new behaviors and emotions can be rehearsed

D) confronting clients with their faulty logic

Liza exhibits characteristics of schizophrenia. The medication most likely to be prescribed for her symptoms most directly affects the receptor sites for A) norepinephrine B) serotonin C) acetylcholine D) gamma-aminobutyric acid E) dopamine

E) dopamine

An advantage of group therapy over individual therapy is that group therapy A) requires less commitment from the client B) achieves results more quickly C) produces a significantly higher recovery rate D) produces a higher rate of spontaneous remission E) enables clients to realize that their problems are not unique

E) enables clients to realize that their problems are not unique