AP Euro Chapter 19
scorched earth
The Russians used this military tactic to repel Napoleon's forces
battle of nations, elba
after what battle that takes place in leipzig, napoleon abdicated his empire and went into exile on what island
radicalized the revolution
both the fall of the monarchy and the war against austria and prussia in 1792
the government could not tap the wealth of the church and the nobility due to their tax exemption
explain this statement - "France was a rich nation with an imporverished government."
the government could not tap the wealth of the church and the nobility due exemption
explain this statement - "France was a rich nation with an impoverished government."
the Directory
hat new executive body did the Constitution of the Year III create?
the bourgeoisie reasserted their control over the revolution
in "IX Thermidor," (july 27, 1794)...
abolishing all of the old noble and church privileges
in the wake of the Great Fear in the summer of 1789, the National Assembly restored order by
financial crisis, louis XVI, american revolution, enlightenment, feudal system and class disparity
list the most fundamental cause of the French Revolution and one other cause
robespierre
"citzen capet" was the name used to refer to who during his/her trial?
declaration of the rights of man and citizen
What French document first declared that all men were free and equal
himself
Who crowned Napoleon "Emperor of the French"?
battle of nations, elba
after this battle in Leipiz, Napoleon abdicated and ent into exile on this island
fall of the monarchy, war against austria/prussia in april 1792, suppression of counterrevolutionary activity
name one event that led to the second, more radical phase of the revolution and the need for the creation of the committee of public saftey?
french soldiers returned from American inspired by these ideas, the new constitution as fascinating to French intellecutals who passionately aanalyzed it, the French crown's funding of the Revolution was the final nail in the coffin for the French treasury
name one way that the consequences/outcomes of the American Revolution were directly felt in France.
runaway inflation caused by the ending of economic controls recreated earlier starvation, robespierre turning the terror on many of his fellow revolutionaries was a step too far for many
name the two main reasons for the thermidorian reaction to the reign of terror. in other words, what led to the creation of the dicatorial directory?
financial crisis, louis XVI, american revolution, enlightenment (feudal system and class disparity, estate system)
name two causes of the French Revolution
battle of waterloo, st. helena
napoleon was finally defeated in this battle and went into exile on this island where he later died.
battle of waterloo, st. helena
napoleon was finally defeated in this battle and went into exile on what island where he later died
the inability to handle finances
on the eve of the French Revolution, the French monarch's greatest problem was...
equality before the law, abolition of privileges based on birth abolition of serfdom, freedom of religion, safeguarded wealth and property, guarantee of promotion based on merit
the civil code of 1804 (referred to as the napoleonic code historically), codified and made permanent many of the achievements of the revolution. name three aspects of the napoleonic code that reflect enlightenment ideas from the revoltion
curbed the power of the clergy but alienated many catholic
the civil constitution of the clergy...
religious toleration
the declaration of the rights of man and citizen proclaimed all of the following except
decide whether new taxes of the clergy and nobility should be instated
the estates general was called in order to...
marked the beginning of a radical phase of the revolution
the fall of the Bastille in 1789....
after the third estate formed the national assembly
the famous tennis court oath was taken...
clergy, nobility, everyone else
the first, second, and third estates represented which groups of society respectively
Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain
the fourth (and last) Coalition against Napoleon consisted of what four countries?
Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britian
the fourth (and last) Coalition against Napoleon consisted of what four countries? And, which of these countries carried the financial burden of the war?
demonstrated the desperation of an overtaxed peasantry and marked the spread of the revolution to the countryside
the great fear of the summer of 1789...
liberty, equality, fraternity
the ideals of the French Revolution were encapsulated in what phrase or motto?
liberty, equality, fraternity
the ideals of the french revolution were encapsulated in what phrase or motto?
the fact that both the nobility and clergy were exempt from taxes
the main obstacle to solving France's financial problems was...
a group of radical jacobins
the mountain was...
was necessary, according to robespierre
the reign of terror...
scorched earth
the russians used this military tactic to repel napoleon's forces
artisans and shopkeepers
the sans-culottes were...
national assembly, a constitutional monarchy
the third estate and some members of the First and Second Estates organized themselves into what new legislative body? and, what type (form) of government did most of its members want to create?
national assembly, constitutional monarchy
the third estate and some members of the first and second estates organized themselves into what new legislative body? What type of government did most of its members want to create?
declaration of the rights of man and citizen
what French document first declared that all men were free and equal?
clergy, nobility, everyone else
what groups made up the First, Second, and Third Estates respectively?
clergy, nobility, everyone else
what groups made up the first, second, and third estates, respecitvely
fall of the monarchy, war against austria/prussia in april 1792, suppression of counterrevolutionary activity
what led to the second, more radical phase of the revolution
the execution of robespierre
what marked the end of the reign of terror?
great fear
what name is given to the event following the storming of the Bastille in which the peasants revolted throughout the countryside burning down manor homes and destroying feudal records?
the great fear
what name is given tot he event that occurs after the storming of the bastille, in which the peasants revolted throughout the countryside burning down manor homes and destroying feudal records?
the directory
what new executive body did the constitution of the year III create
republic
what type of goernment did the national convention create for france at its first meeting
republic
what type of government did the national Convention create for France at its first meeting?
constitutional monarchy
what type of government did the national assembly create under the constitution of 1791?
republic
what type of government did the national convention establish in 1792
cut off all British trade to the continent (all areas under French rule), economic warfare with Britain
what was Napoleon's Continental System and what was its aim
to cut off all british trade to the continent (all areas under French rule), economic warfare with britain - to weaken them
what was napoleon's continental system and what was its aim
it was an agreement between napoleon's france and the vatican that restored the catholic church in france. it: declared catholicism as the religion of the great majority of french citizens, the pope accepted the loss of church property seized during the revolution, all clergy would be employed by the state, all members of the clergy had to take swear loyalty oaths to the french government, replaced the revolutionary calendar with the christian calendar
what was the concordot of 1801? and, name one thing that it did
hundred days
what was the name given to Napoleon's breif return to power in 1815?
the hundred days
what was the name given to napoleon's brief return to power in 1815?
himself
who crowned Napoleon "Emperor of the French"?
robespierre
who made the following statement? "Terror is nothing more than prompt, severe, and inflexible justice."
Mary Wollstonecraft
who wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Man (1790) and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), the latter a founding text of the feminist movement?
they were desperate to rally the rebel slaves to the French cause against the Spanish and English forces on the island
why did the french commissioners in saint-domingue abolish slavery in 1793?
