AP Euro Reformation Part 1 Terms

Anabaptists

a Christian group that don't baptize until the individual proclaims their faith

John Calvin

a French theologian who helped to develop Calvinism, a type of Christianity that believed in predestination

Charles V

a Holy Roman Empire emperor that opposed the Protestant Reformation

Lady Jane Grey

a Protestant who had a great humanism education and became Queen of England, but was killed for treason

St. Ignatius of Loyola

a Spanish knight who went on to found the Jesuits

Book of Common Prayer

a book of different prayers used by Anglicans

Imitation of Christ

a book written by Thomas à Kempis that serves as a guide for Christian life

Council of Trent

a council called together to address the growing Protestantism

Schleitheim Confession of 1527

a document with approval by Swiss Anabaptists that believed it best represented their principles

Ninety-Five Theses

a document written by Martin Luther that protests clerical issues and abuses

Scholasticism

a form of critical thought that uses debate to teach and discover that was popular in medieval universities

Johann Tetzel

a friar best known for giving temporary relief of sins in exchange for money and was heavily challenged by Martin Luther

Schmalkaldic League

a group of Lutheran princes

Thomas Cranmer

a leader of the English, supported the Act of Supremacy, and helped to annul Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon

Philip of Hesse

a main supporter of the Protestant Reformation

Jesuits

a male branch of the Catholic church founded by Ignatius of Loyola

Marburg Colloquy

a meeting between Ulrich Zwingli and Martin Luther that was to settle a dispute on the actual presence of Jesus Christ in the Lord's Supper

Modern Devotion

a movement based on renewal through pious practices like obedience and simplicity of life

Cuius Regio Eius Religio

a phrase that means whatever religion the ruler had was the same religion his lands would have

Philip Melanchthon

a reformer from Germany who, along with Luther and Calvin, helped to mold Protestantism

Martin Buse

a religious reformist and a pope

Peasant Revolt

a revolt in most of England that protested the poor treatment of citizens

Indulgence

a temporary relief of sins that was sold by the Roman Catholic Church

Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation

a tract by Martin Luther written in the vernacular of German that says people have a common priesthood

Peace of Augsburg

a treaty between a group of Lutheran princes (Schmalkaldic League) and Charles V

"Black Legend"

a type of propaganda that casts a negative image on the Spanish Empire, as well as its people and culture

"Magisterial Reformers"

reformers who were supported by some magistrates and thought that the civil magistrates should enforce the real faith

Act of Supremacy

the act that established the sovereign of the UK as the head of the Church of England

Transubstantiation

the belief that the bread and wine used in Communion miraculously becomes the body and blood of Christ

Reformation Parliament

the parliament that passed legislation that lead to England creating the Church of England

Benefice System

allowed the highest bidders to buy a post

Diet of Worms

an imperial group assembled by the Holy Roman Empire that is most known for the Edict of Worms, which dealt with Martin Luther

Anne Boleyn

became the Queen of England but was executed after never producing a male heir

Donatists

members of a church that was not with the other churches from Early Christianity

Anti-Trinitarians

people who believed that documents involving the Holy Trinity were false