AP European History (#30-#36)
The growing movement of nationalism in 19th century Europe...
was fundamentally radical since it encouraged people to shift their political loyalty away from existing states and rulers
Realist art in the mid 19th century
was interested in the natural environment and in showing scenes from everyday life
King Louis-Philippe in France...
cooperated with Francois Guizot and the Party of Resistance against the Party of Movement
The Congress of Vienna...
created policies that would maintain the European balance of power
The Ausgleich or Compromise of 1867
created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary
As chancellor of Prussia, Otto von Bismarck...
largely bypassed parliament in pursuing his political goals of military modernization
Napoleon's most disastrous foreign policy adventure occurred in
Mexico
The reforms of Tsar Alexander II centered around
the abolition of serfdom
Religion in the age of Romanticism experienced...
a Catholic revival especially in Germany
The dominant foreign power in Italy prior to unification was
Austria
Romanticism in art and music was well characterized by...
Beethoven, whose compositions bridged the gap between Classicism and Romanticism
The most successful nationalistic European Revolution in 1830 was in...
Belgium
The Romantic composer of Symphonie Fantastique was...
Berlioz
The immediate origins of the Franco-Prussian War concerned...
Bismarck's devious editing of a telegram from King William I
Among the key motives prompting England and France to fight Russia in the Crimean War must be counted
Britain's great concern over disruption of the existing balance of power
The most important factor in preventing the European overthrow of the newly independent nations of Latin America was...
British naval power
The growing forces of liberalism and nationalism in central Europe were exemplified by the...
Burschenschaften, the student societies of Germany
The prime minister of Piedmont who organized the Italian unification movement was...
Camillo di Cavour
The Utopian socialists of the first half of the 19th century were best characterized by
Charles Fourier, who worked out detailed plans for cooperative communities called "phalansteries"
The American romantic author of The Fall of the House of Usher was
Edgar Allan Poe
The Greek revolt was successful largely due to...
European intervention
Cavour's key strategy to free Italy from Austrian domination required the military and diplomatic support of
France
The romantic movement had many of its roots in...
Germany
The leader of the Red Shirts who helped to unify Italy through his military command was
Giuseppe Garibaldi
In architectural styles, the Romantics were particularly attracted to the...
Gothic
What statement best applies to David Ricardo?
He developed the idea of the "iron law wages"
What statement best applies to Thomas Macaulay's thoughts on reform in Britain?
He supported reforms chiefly as a means of preventing the outbreaks of more radical revolutionary movements
What statement best applies to Charles Darwin and his evolutionary theory?
His theory emphasized the idea of the "survival of the fit" in which advantageous natural variants and environmental adaptations in organisms determine their survival
Which area was most directly controlled by the Austrians after 1815?
Italy
The foreign minister and diplomat who dominated the Congress of Vienna was...
Klemens von Metternich
When protesters of high bread prices in England clashed with government authorities, the resulting conflict was known as the...
Peterloo Massacre
The dominant literary and artistic movement in the 1850's and 1860's was
Realism
The final act of Italian unification occurred in 1870 when
Rome became the capital city following the withdrawal of French troops
The immediate origins of the Crimean War involved...
Russia's right to protect Christian shrines in Palestine
The Zollverein describes
The German states' customs union dominated by Prussia
The literary model for early Romantics was...
The Sorrows of the Young Werther, by Goethe
According to Karl Marx, the final product of the struggle between bourgeoisie and proletariat would be
a classless society
As a statesman, Bismarck can best be appreciated as...
a consummate politician and opportunist capitalizing on unexpected events and manipulating affairs to his favor
The argument that population must be held in check for any progress to take place was popularized by...
Thomas Malthus
In 1871, William I was proclaimed Kaiser, or emperor, of the Second Reich in...
Versailles
The British Liberal responsible for an impressive series o reform acts between 1868 and 1874 was...
William Gladstone
Among the key political consequences of Disraeli's Reform Act of 1867 was...
a large increase in the number of voters and tighter organization of Liberal and Conservative political parties
Following the death of Alexander I in 1825, Russian society under Nicholas I became...
a police state, as the czar feared both internal and external revolutionary upheavals
Among Napoleon III's great domestic projects was...
a reconstruction of Paris with broad boulevards, public squares, and municipal utilities
Karl Marx embraced the German philosopher Hegel's idea of the dialect, meaning...
all change in history is the result of clashes between directly antagonistic elements
The creation of the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary...
allowed the Hungarian Magyars and German Austrians to dominate the other ethnic minorities
Central to the liberal ideology in the 19th century was...
an emphasis on individual freedom
Charles Darwin's the Descent of Man
argued for the animal origins of human beings, who had evolved by adapting to their environment over time
The Communist Manifesto of Marx and Engels
based all historical development on class struggle
Klemens von Metternich...
believed European monarchs shared the common interest of stability
The French socialist, Flora Tristan...
demanded absolute equality of the sexes
The Karlsbad Decrees of 1819 did all of the following except...
dissolve several smaller German states
In the opinion of the British prime minister, the proclamation of a newly unified German state ruled by an emperor in 1871
entirely destroyed the previous European balance of power
The Congress of Vienna was most successful at...
establishing an order that managed to avoid a general European conflict for almost a century
Tsar Alexander I of Russia did all of the following except...
grant a constitution, freeing the serfs
At the congress of Vienna, the Austrian representative Prince Metternich pursued the policy of legitimacy, meaning...
he endeavored to restore legitimate monarchs on their thrones and to preserve traditional institutions and values
What were the major themes/subjects of Romantic artists?
landscapes and depictions of nature
The Russian Zemstvos were
local assemblies with regional self-governing powers
The primary driving force in the revolutions of Belgium, Poland , and Italy in 1830 was...
nationalism
As a consequence of her defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, France had to...
pay and indemnity to Prussia of 5 billion francs, and give the eastern frontier provinces of Alsace and Lorraine to Prussia, a loss leaving the French set on revenge
The most important form of literary expression for the romantics was...
poetry
Otto von Bismarck, the Prussian-born leader of German unification
practiced Realpolitik in conducting domestic and foreign policy
The romantic movement can be viewed as a
reaction against the Enlightenment's preoccupation with reason
In establishing the Second Empire, Napoleon III...
received the overwhelming electoral support of the people
By 1815, following the Congress of Vienna, the Italian peninsula...
remained divided into several states subject to the domination of other European powers.
After Napoleon's defeat, the quadruple alliance...
restored the old Bourbon monarchy to France in the person of Louis XVIII
The First International
served as a type of umbrella organization for all European labor interests
At its most elementary level, conservatism...
sought to preserve the achievements of previous generations by subordinating individual rights to communal welfare
During the Franco-Prussian War...
the French were decisively defeated at the Battle of Sedan
An overall result of the Crimean War was...
the destruction of the Concert of Europe and the creation of opportunities for Italian and German national unification
A result of Bismarck's Austro-Prussian War was...
the exclusion of Austria from the North Germanic Confederation
The foremost social group embracing liberalism was made up by...
the industrial middle class
The emergence of a true parliamentary system in Prussia was blocked by
the king's overwhelming executive power
In seeking unification, many Italian nationalists in the 1850's looked for leadership from...
the kingdom of Piedmont
Among J.S Mill's most provocative writings was his On the Subjection of Women in which he argued that...
the legal subordination of females to males is wrong since men and women did not possess different natures.
Prussian leadership of German unification meant that...
the triumph of authoritarian and militaristic values over liberal and constitutional values in the new German state
Under the "liberal empire" of Napoleon III in the 1860's...
trade unions and the right to strike were legalized
The reform bill of 1832 in Britain primarily benefited the...
upper middle-class
In economic matters, Napoleon III
used government resources to stimulate the national economy and industrial growth
Conservatism, the dominant political philosophy following the fall of Napoleon...
was exemplified by Edmund Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France, emphasizing the dangers of radical and "rational" political change
