ap gov study guide

How is the principle of federalism reflected in the judicial branch?

By the existence of both the state/local courts and the federal courts

The requirement that states are prohibited from drawing unreasonable distinctions between different groups of people.

Equal protection

All of the following serve as checks on the power of the federal courts EXCEPT

Federal judges can be impeached

most of the individual protections of the Bill of Rights now apply to the states because of the Supreme Court interpretation of the Constitution

Fourteenth amendment

The following questions are based on the following excerpt from a major Supreme Court Decision. The Supreme court decision quotes above did which of the following?

Initially affected only schools where segregation was mandated by law

The supreme court's 5 to 4 decision allowing corporation and unions to spend unlimited amounts of money in the election campaigns as a standing example of ___________ by the majority they struck down the federal law over turning several prior decisions and potentially changing the nature of elections in the United States

Judicial activism

name all nine justices of the Supreme Court in order

Roberts Thomas Breyer Alito Sotomayor Kagan Gorsuch Kavanaugh Barrett

Which of the following statements accurately describes the selection of the caseload for the United States Supreme Court

The Supreme Court is free to choose the cases it hears with only a few limitations.

which of the following is true about the role of the constitution in the creation of the federal court system

The constitution explains that there should be a Supreme Court and inferior court

Which of the following is one of the central concerns of the First Amendment?

The right of citizens to petition the government for redress of grievances

which of the following did the most expensive rights in the 1950s

The supreme court decision declaring state mandated school segregation to be unconstitutional

Which of the following best defines the term "judicial activism"?

The tendency of judges to interpret the Constitution according to their own views

All of the following statements reflects positions the Supreme Court has taken with regard to the right of free speech EXCEPT

There are no acceptable governmental restrictions on free speech

order by the Supreme Court directing a lower court to send up a case record for review

Writ of certiorari

This is a civil lawsuit brought by an incarcerated person to challenge the legality of their incarceration

Writ of habeas corpus

which of the following subjects would NOT be considered a federal issue?

a crime that takes place on the sea

Freedom of religion and speech are protections individuals have against the government

civil liberty

These are positive acts of the government that seek to make constitutional guarantees a reality for all people

civil rights

discrimination in public accommodations is made illegal the the United States as a direct result of the

civil rights act of 1964

in Marbury versus Madison in 1803 the Supreme Court assume the power to

decide on the constitutionality of a law or an executive action

Stated in the 5th and 14th amendment the government must respect all legal rights of a person

due process

which of the following principles were Texas citizen from imprisonment without trial

due process

which of the following best explains the principle of stare decisis

encourages judges to follow precedent when deciding cases

So he was caught vaping in the school bathroom. She was sent to the assistant principals office where she denied beeping. The assistant principal demanded her purse and found a baby and marijuana paraphernalia in a list of students who owed her money this is used as evidence to find Sally guilty of delinquency Sally's Laura's later claimed at the evidence game was a result of illegal acts and cannot be used in Trail which of the following would say that is that Sally's lawyers used to determine that she was unreasonably searched

exclusionary rule

The process of extending the protections of the Bill of Rights by means of the Fourteenth Amendment to apply to the actions of state governments is known as

incorporation

The Supreme Court established the incorporation doctrine when the Court

interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment as extending most of the requirements of the Bill of Rights to the states as well as the federal government

which of the following is true about the right of free speech, as currently interpreted by the Supreme Court?

it protects the right to express opinions even without the actually use of words

supreme court justices were given tenure subject to good behavior by the framers of the constitution in order to ensure that

justices are free from direct political pressure

The federal Constitution guarantees all the following rights to a person arrested in charge of the serious crime except the right to

negotiate a plea bargain

example or standards set by a particular ruling that guides other cases in similar subject matters

precedent

in 1973 row versus Wade decision to upheld a woman's right to secure an abortion was based on the right to

privacy implied in the Bill of Rights

The establishment clause in the first amendment does which of the following

prohibits the setting up of a state church

The constitution and it's amendments excessively prohibit all the following except

sex discrimination in employment

The doctrine of original intent holds that

the meaning of the Constitution depends on the intention of the framers

Presidents have had the most success in changing the direction of decisions of the federal judiciary by

using the appointment process to select judges with judicial philosophies similar to those of the president

what is the general criteria to determine whether or not a case is heard by the federal courts

whether the subject matter in the parties involved in the case or federal issues/parties